Pediatric CPR.ppt

Pediatric CPR different than adult cpr here is power point guide to do pediatric cpr

1. Pediatric

2. ىلاعت لاق(000 سانلا ايحأ امنأكف اهايحأ نمو
اعيمج000)

3. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR):
-It is an emergency procedures which is performed on
person suffering cardiac or respiratory arrest.
-It is a combination of rescue breathing (mouth-to-mouth
resuscitation) and chest compressions.
CPR can restore circulation of oxygen-rich blood to the
brain.

4. -The commonest cause of
cardiopulmonary arrest in pediatric is
respiratory.

5. Change in CPR
Sequence: C-A-B
Rather Than A-B-C

6. 2010 (NEW): A CHANGE IN THE 2010 AHA GUIDELINES FOR
CPR AND ECC IS TO RECOMMEND THE INITIATION OF
CHEST COMPRESSIONS BEFORE VENTILATIONS.
2005 (OLD): THE SEQUENCE OF ADULT CPR BEGAN WITH
OPENING OF THE AIRWAY, CHECKING FOR NORMAL
BREATHING, AND THEN DELIVERING 2 RESCUE BREATHS
FOLLOWED BY CYCLES OF 30 CHEST COMPRESSIONS
AND 2 BREATHS.

7. CPR 2010

8. -Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
is a series of lifesavingactions that
improve the chance of survival
following cardiacarrest.

9. The 2010AHA Guidelinesfor CPRand ECC
recommend CAB sequence.
(chest compressions-airway-breathing)

10. -Most cardiac arrests in adults are
resulting from aprimary cardiac cause
(e.g:VF) the chest compressionsare
more important than ventilations.
-Cardiac arrest in childrenis most often
asphyxial, which requires both
ventilations andchest compressions
for optimal results.

11. -Starting CPR with 30 compressionsfollowed
by 2 ventilations should theoretically delay
ventilationsby only about 18 seconds for the
lone rescuer and by an evena shorter interval
for 2 rescuers.
-The CAB sequence for infantsand children is
recommended in order to simplify training
withthe hope that more victims of sudden
cardiac arrest will receivebystander CPR.

12. PediatricChain of Survival
2010

13. BLS Sequence for Lay
Rescuers :-
These guidelines delineate a series of skills as
a sequenceof distinct steps depicted in
the Pediatric BLS:-
Safety of Rescuer and Victim:-
Always make sure that the area is safe for
you and the victim.

14. Assess Need for CPR:-
To assess the need for CPR, the lay
rescuer should assume thatcardiac arrest
is present if the victim is unresponsive
andnot breathing or only gasping.

15. Check for Response:-
-Gently tap the victim and ask loudly, If the child is
responsive, heor she will answer or move.
Quickly check to see if thechild has any injuries or
needs medical assistance.
-If you arealone and the child is breathing, leave
the child to phone theemergency response
system, but return quickly and recheck thechild's
condition frequently.
-Children with respiratory distressoften assume a
position that maintains airway patency and
optimizesventilation.

16. Check for Breathing:-
-If you see regular breathing, the victim
does not need CPR.
-If the victim is unresponsive and not
breathing (or only gasping),begin CPR.

17. Start Chest Compressions (C) :-
During cardiac arrest, high-quality
chest compressions generateblood
flow to vital organs.
-If the infant or child is unresponsive
and not breathing, give30 chest
compressions.

18. -The following are characteristics of high-quality CPR:-
oChestcompressions of appropriate rate and depth.
"Push fast":pushat a rate of at least 100 compressions
per minute.
"Pushhard":push with sufficient force to depress at least
one thirdtheanterior-posterior (AP) diameter of the chest
or approximately1 inches (4 cm) in infants and 2 inches
(5 cm) in children.
oAllow complete chest recoilafter each
compression to allowthe heart to refill with blood.
oMinimize interruptions of chest compressions.

19. -For best results, chest compressions on a
firm surface.
-For an infant, lone rescuers, should
compress the sternum with 2 fingers,
placed just below the intermammary line.
Do not compress over the xiphoid or ribs.

20. Two-finger chest compression technique in infant (1 rescuer).

21. Two thumb-encircling hands chestcompressionin infant
(2 rescuers)

22. -For a child, lay rescuers should compress
the lower half of the sternum at least one
third of the AP dimensionof the chest or
approximately 5 cm (2 inches) with the
heelof 1 or 2 hands. Do not press on the
xiphoid or the ribs.
-After each compression, allow the chest to
recoil completely.because complete
chest re-expansion improvesthe flow of
blood returning to the heart.

23. Open the Airway and Give Ventilations(A –
B):-
-For the lone rescuer a compression-to-
ventilation ratio of 30:2is recommended. After
the initial set of 30 compressions, openthe
airway and give 2 breaths.
-In an unresponsive infant orchild, the tongue
may obstruct the airway and interfere with
ventilations, open the airway using a head
tilt–chinlift maneuver.

25. -To give breaths to an infant, use a mouth to
mouth and nosetechnique.
-To give breaths to a child, use a mouth-to-
mouthtechnique. Make sure the breaths are
effective (i.e. the chestrises).
Each breath should take about 1 second. If
the chestdoes not rise, reposition the head,
make a better seal andtry again.

26. Coordinate Chest Compressions and
Breathing:-
-After giving 2 breaths, immediately give 30 compressions.
Thelone rescuer should continue this cycle of 30
compressions and2 breaths for approximately 2
minutes beforeleaving the victim to activate the
emergency response systemand obtain an automated
external defibrillator (AED).
-Ratio of compression : ventilation 30:2 for one rescue,
and 15:2 for 2 rescue.

27. Activate Emergency Response System:-
-If there are 2 rescuers, one should start CPR
immediately andthe other should activate the
emergency response system and obtain an AED, if
one is available.
-Most infants and children with cardiac arrest have an
asphyxialrather than a VF arrest; therefore 2 minutes
of CPR arerecommended before the lone rescuer
activates the emergencyresponse system.
The lone rescuershould then return to the victim as
soon as possible and usethe AED (if available) or
resume CPR.

29. BLS Sequence for Healthcare
Providers:
For the most part the sequence of BLS for
healthcare providersis similar to that for
laypeople (one rescue) with some
variation as indicatedbelow.
Healthcare providers are more likely to
work in teams.

31. Thank you