Philosophical Schools of Thought Philosophy is a difficult task.

Philosophy

1. Philosophical Schools of Thought Philosophy is a difficult task, while the word itself means ” love of wisdom” there are probably as many definitions of what the wisdom is as there are philosophers in the world.

2. Eastern Philosophy focus on: Like all philosophers, followers of Eastern Philosophical Schools try to understand existence and reality, morality and ethics, and the meaning and value of life. Some of these philosophical schools of thought are based on the teachings of religion, such as Islamic , Hindu , and Buddhist philosophies. Others, like Taos and Confucianism , are not rooted in religion. All eastern philosophers, however, focus on how life should be lived in accordance with their understandings of the basic issues of philosophy.

3. The different Eastern Philosophies There are five 1.Islamic or Arabic, philosophy from the Middle East 2.Hindu - India 3.Buddist - India 4.Taosism - China 5.Confucianism - China

4. Philosophy of Islamic Education Is to provide human with sufficient knowledge in order to make them know and realize their creation, responsibility, and the way they should manage the responsibility as the caliph of Allah .

5. The main principles of Islamic Philosophy Thus the basic articles of Islamic faith are: a)Belief in the oneness of Allah b)Belief in the prophets and in the guidance that they bequeathed c)Belief in the angels d)Belief in the books e)Belief in the Day of Judgment and f)Belief in fate

6. HINDUISM • The main religion of India which includes the worship of many gods and the belief that after you die you return to life in a different form. •Hinduism is a collective term applied to the many philosophical and religious traditions native to India. •Hinduism has neither a specific moment of origin nor a specific founder. Rather, the tradition understands itself to be timeless, having always existed.

7. HINDUISM *One of the oldest religions of humanity *The religion of the Indian people *Gave birth to Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism *Tolerance and diversity: “Truth is one, paths are many” *Many deities but a single, impersonal Ultimate Reality *A philosophy and a way of life- focused both on this world and beyond

8. Characteristics of Buddhist philosophy Buddhism encourages its people to avoid self-indulgence but also self-denial. Buddha’s most important teachings, known as The Four Noble Truths, are essential to understanding the religion. Buddhists embrace the concepts of karma (the law of cause and effect) and reincarnation (the continuous cycle of rebirth)

9. Moral philosophy of Buddhism Morality in Buddism Actions that have their roots in greed, hatred or of selfishness are considered to be bad-called Akusala Kamma . Teachings Buddism *Right thought *Right Speech *Right Action and *Right Livelihood

10. Buddist teach about life The five precepts are the guidelines that form the foundation of Buddist ethics. 1.Not killing 2.Not stealing 3.Not misusing sex 4.Not engaging in false speech 5. Not indulging in intoxicants

11. Three Universal Truths Everything in life is impermanent and always changing. Because nothing is permanent, a life based on possessing things or persons doesn’t make you happy. There is no eternal, unchanging soul and “self” is just a collection of changing characteristics or attributes.

12. The four Noble Truths 1.The truth of suffering 2.The truth of the cause of suffering 3.The truth of the end of suffering 4.The truth of path that leads to the end of suffering *Suffering exists: it has a cause; it has an end; and it has a cause to bring about its end.