philosophical Theories of Education.pptx

Class

1. PHILOSOPHICAL THEORIES OF EDUCATION Prof. Exequiel A.Calimutan

2. The philosophical theories of education are perennialism, essentialism, progressivism and reconstructivism. These educational theories/philosophies focus heavily on WHAT we should teach, the curriculum aspect. PHILOSOPHICAL THEORIES OF EDUCATION

3. Perennialism values knowledge that transcends time. This is a subject- centered philosophy. The goal of a perennialist educator is to teach students to think rationally and develop minds that can think critically. Perennialism

4. The aim of perennialism in education is to develop the power of thought, internalize truths that are universal and constant and to ensure that students acquire understanding about the great idea of Western civilization. This is the most conservative, and flexible philosophy. Perennialism

5. What is the Role of the Students in Perennialism? The students are supposed to learn the “truth” as taught to them by the teacher. Since truth does not change, students’ interests or experiences are not reflected in what is taught in a perennialist classroom. In fact the issue of diversity is not even relevant, because it is not about diversity.

6. Who Gave the Idea of Perennialism? Perennialism was originally religious in nature, developed by Thomas Aquinas in the thirteenth century.

7. How Does Perennialism View the Role of Values and Character Development in Basic Education? Perennialists emphasize the development of moral character and ethical understanding. They argue that education should involve the cultivation of virtues and the study of moral principles, often through the analysis of ethical dilemmas presented in classical text.

8. What Are the Benefits of Perennialism? One of the key benefits of perennialism in education is that it provides a strong foundation for lifelong learning. By studying the great works of literature, philosophy and science, students develop a deep and broad understanding of the world that can serve as a foundation for continued learning and personal growth.

9. Characteristics of Perennialism Perennialism is identified as a very conservative theory of education. Rooted in the following schools of thought: idealism and realism. The educational focus of Perennialism is on finding universal truths and absolutes associated with reason and faith (Webb et al., 2010). According to this theory of education, truth is universal and does not change.

10. Characteristics of Perennialism The literal definition of Perennial means “everlasting” or something that :”returns year after year.” As implied by its name, Perennialism is based upon the belief that there are everlasting ideas and universal truths. Therefore the primary goal of education within this philosophy is to search for and disseminate truth. In addition, this philosophy of education advocates for the cultivation of human intellect.

11. Instruction in the Classroom At the Elementary level, a Perennialist teacher would focus on the management and teaching of basic educational skills. To support educators in meeting this goal, they are supposed to use the “Great Books” of Western civilization.

12. Instruction in the Classroom Adler (1984) also suggested the following three methods of instruction: Didactic Instruction; Coaching; and Socratic Method.In order to prepare students for the instruction, they would receive in a Perennialist classroom, they first needed to be taught how to think critically. In addition they would have to learn questioning strategies so that they could engage in meaningful “dialogue” about the classical literature they would be reading Webb et al., 2010).

13. Teachers Role For Perennialists, the teacher is seen as the authority figure in the classroom. As the authority figure, it is up to the teacher to disseminate the truth. The teacher can do this by acting as a seminar leader or coach. According to Adler (1984), as a seminar leader, the teacher illustrates the power of literature being read through questioning. When donecorrectly, this questioning should help students think rationally. One of the most popular methods for questioning students is the Socratic Method.

14. THANK YOU