Phylum Arthropoda.pptx

Phylum Arthropoda

1. Animal Diversity: Invertebrates by Maryam R iasat PHYLUM ARTHROPODA

2. General Characteristics Bilaterally Symmetrical Cells form up to the size of tissues and organs. Eat everything from plants to animals Live everywhere in land, fresh water, salt water, and every other environment L argest Phyla on earth M ore than 83% of all described animal species are arthropods 

3. Support System Exoskeleton - made of protein and chitin used for protection keeps joints attached Molting - sheds exoskeleton as it grows Segmented body H ead , thorax , abdomen C ontain a range from 3 to 300 sets of legs Contain 2 pairs of antennae

4. Respiratory System Aquatic arthropods possess gills for respiration Land arthropods have a tracheae and book lungs as respiratory organs Air passes through the tracheae through specialized openings in the exoskeleton called spiracles

5. Circulatory System Open Circulatory System Body fluid called Hemolymph (Not blood) Hemolymph is pumped by the heart to sinuses called the hemocoel B ody fluid enters pores to the organs and is propelled through arteries to the body

6. Nervous System Brain Ventral nerve cord Double chain of ganglia along the ventral surface of the arthropod At anterior end are 3 fused pairs of dorsal ganglia, constitutes the brain Much of the control of arthropod's activities is in the central ganglia

7. Digestive System Eat Everything Complete digestive system Specialized by segmentation Food enters through the mouth and flows into the mid-gut where food is broken down and pushed to the anus. Specialized mouthparts p iercing , sucking or m andible, biting , chewing

8. Excretory System Excretory system made of malpighian tubules and green glands Malpighian tubules are tubular network that collects liquid wastes and sends them to the hind gut in the form of nitrogenous wastes. Found in terrestrial arthropods . Green glands collect and excrete urine like kidneys. Found in aquatic arthropods.

9. Reproductive System Most reproduce sexually Internal fertilization External fertilization Some species reproduce through parthenogenesis e.g. bees , wasps, ants and aphids Undergo metamorphosis Complete egg – larva – pupa – adut Incomplete egg – juvenile – adult

10. Taxonomic summary

11. Chelicerata Lives on land or in water Includes horseshoe crabs, spiders, scorpions, ticks and mites Have chelicerae, which serve as pincers or fangs They do not have antennae

12. Myriapods All Myriapods lives on land Head contains 3 appendages for eating including mandibles (jaw like structure) Millipedes less than 1000 legs (2 pairs per segment) herbivores Centipedes 1 pair of legs per segment carnivorous

13. Crustaceans Live in fresh and salt water environments Crustacea is Latin word for "Shell" Shell is made of calcium, protein, and chitin Have anywhere from 16 to 60 segments, 2-3 pairs of legs Advanced crustaceans have pincers Includes Crabs , Lobsters, Barnacle, Shrimp  

14. Hexapoda Includes insects Mostly live on land Contain 3 pairs of legs and2 pairs of wings There are more species of Hexapoda than all other forms of life combined