Physiology of xylem in Pinus tree1ppt1ptx

informative about xylem of pinus tree

1. Physiology of xylem in P inus tree Presented to: Dr Muhammad Shareef Presented by:Tarifa Mushtaq Registration no: 23- UON-1310 Subject : Advance plant physiology

2. Pinus tree Needle-like Leaves Cones Tough Bark Resinous Sap Pyramidal Shape Adaptability Economic Importance

3. S tructure of xylem Xylem is Y shape Resin canals are present between arms of xylem Xylem are made up of Trachides Xylem parenchyma Xylem is consists up of Protoxylem Metaxylem Xylem is Exarch Xylem is Diarch

4. Structure of xylem Tracheids : T racheids as their main water-conducting cells in xylem. Structure : E longated, tapering cells with thick lignified walls Function: provide structural support and prevent collapse under tension. These cells are interconnected end-to-end, forming continuous tubes for water transport.

5. Resin Canals Resin Canals : resin canals or ducts Structure : These are specialized structures within the xylem that contain resin, a mixture of volatile compounds produced by the tree. Function: defense against pathogens and pests wound healing. The resin canals are often visible as small, dark streaks in the wood.

6. Physiology of xylem 1.Root Absorption: Root hairs . These root hairs increase the surface area available for water uptake from the soil. Water moves through osmosis, Differences in water potential between the soil and the root cells.

7. 2.Movement through the Root Cortex : water moves through the cortex. 3.Entry into Xylem : Water enters the xylem vessels or tracheids . osmotic pressure the cohesive and adhesive properties of water molecules, which allow them to move upward through the xylem.

8. 4.Capillary Action and Cohesion : This helps water to move against the gravity. 5.Transpiration Pull : As water evaporates from the leaf surface, it creates a negative pressure gradient, or tension, that pulls water upward through the xylem from the roots.

9. 6.Leaf Structure and Transpiration : scale leaves (also known as needle-like leaves) play a role in transpiration. While scale leaves are reduced in size,but still have stomata.

10. Adaptation in xylem Adaptation to drought Cavitations resistance Seasonal variation Wood formation