Pioneers in Social Work.pdf

Its prepared for social workers who are preparing for UGC-NET/JRF exam.

1. Today’s Learning
Prepared by:
P.Raghu M.S.W, M.Phil, Ph.D Scholar, NIMHANS, Bangalore.
Mobile: [phone]

1) Mary Ellen Richmond (1861–1928) was an American social work pioneer. She is regarded
as the mother of professional social work along with Jane Addams. She founded social
casework, the first method of social work and was herself a Caseworker.

2) Mary Richmond increased the public's awareness of the Charity Organization Society and
the philanthropic opportunities to support social work. She was trained to be a "friendly
visitor," which was the initial term for a caseworker. She visited the homes of people in need
and tried to help them improve their life situation. She began to develop many ideas of how
casework could best be conducted to help those in need.

3) Richmond identified six sources of power that are available to clients and their social
workers: sources within the household, in the person of the client, in the neighborhood and
wider social networks, in civil agencies, in private and public agencies.

4) Some books she published with her ideas: Friendly Visiting among the Poor, Social
Diagnosis and what is Social Case Work. Within these books, she demonstrated her
understanding of social casework. She believed in the relationship between people and their
social environment as the major factor of their life situation or status.

5) She also had an influence in the history of social welfare from her research and study Nine
Hundred Eighty-five Widows, which looked at families, their work situations, the financial
resources of widows and how widows were treated by social welfare systems.

6) The First Social Worker, Jane Addams, was one of the greatest Social Workers of all time
and worked for social change in the late 18th century. In its purest form, social work has
been around almost as long as societies themselves have.

7) Laura Jane Addams was an American settlement activist, reformer, social worker,
sociologist, public administrator, and author. She was an important leader in the history of
social work and women's suffrage in the United States. Addams co-founded Chicago's Hull
House, one of America's most famous settlement houses, providing extensive social services
to poor, largely immigrant families.

8) Starr and Addams developed three "ethical principles" for social settlements: "to teach
by example, to practice cooperation, and to practice social democracy, that is, egalitarian,
or democratic, social relations across class lines."

2. 9) Addams and her friend, Ellen Starr, established a settlement house in Chicago. They called
it Hull House, an homage to the settlement’s original builder, Charles Hull. It would be the first
settlement house in the United States.

10) An advocate for world peace and recognized as the founder of the social work profession
in the United States, in 1931, Addams became the first American woman to be awarded
the Nobel Peace Prize.

11) Efforts and Communities that she supported:
a) Child labour
b) Women
c) Minorities
d) Laborers
e) Peace

She embodied the philosophy of social work before it was an official, professional institution,
and that is why she is so often credited as the first famous social worker.

12) Most social work in western European countries is currently delivered within the context of
the welfare state, whose origins can be traced back to the work of Sir William Henry
Beveridge at the time of the Second World War.

13) Beveridge’s work labeled the main challenges for social policy as ‘the five giants’: squalor,
ignorance, want, idleness and disease. Social insurance was but one element introduced to
address these challenges.

14) Beveridge argued for the state to have a central role in guaranteeing the necessary
resources for people`s welfare, as well as being the main provider of services. Every citizen
would contribute to this universal system through national insurance payments, set
according to his/her capabilities, and would be able to make use of it according to his/her
needs. Key to all this was full employment.

15) Beveridge published widely on unemployment and social security, his most notable works
being:
Unemployment: A Problem of Industry (1909),
Planning Under Socialism (1936),
Full Employment in a Free Society (1944),
Pillars of Security (1943),
Power and Influence (1953) and A Defence of Free Learning (1959).

16) William Beveridge is usually considered the “father of the welfare state”

17) Helen Harris Perlman pioneered the “Chicago School” of social work, arguing that many
people in crisis needed short-term solutions rather than long-term Freudian analysis.

3. 18) Perlman developed the “Chicago School” of social work theory, an approach that has
influenced social work education and practice around the world. She also served on national
policy committees, lectured around the world, and participated in pioneering social work
programs and research.

19) Perlman’s areas of study included ego psychology and its implications for clinical work;
lifetime personality growth and development resulting from a person’s daily transactions
at work, at home, and in society; therapeutic and educational problem-solving processes;
and how social values and value conflicts affect future planning. She also taught social
casework: its governing principles, ethics, values, and methods of helping and enabling
people suffering from stress, disability, and other social or psychological problems.

20) In 1957, Perlman published Social Casework: A Problem-Solving Process (1957), which
was based on the premise that the “social surround” of our society and its value systems
affect what, is and is not possible, and that certain kinds of solutions breed new problems.

Her other publications include So You Want to Be a Social Worker (1962), Persona (1968),
Relationship (1979), Looking Back to See Ahead (1989), and The Dancing Clock & Other
Childhood Memories (1989).

21) In addition to publishing a wide array of work, Perlman served on the editorial boards
various publications in the field and was honored with a lifetime achievement award by the
Council on Social Work Education in 1992.

22) Richard Clarke Cabot was an American physician who advanced clinical hematology,
was an innovator in teaching methods, and was a pioneer in social work.

23) He changed the way that the outpatient department was run, believing that economic, social,
family and psychological conditions underpinned many of the conditions that patients
presented with. He envisaged that social workers would work in a complementary relationship
with doctors, the former concentrating on physiological health, and the latter on social health. In
addition to this, he saw that social work could improve medicine by providing a critical
perspective on it while working alongside it in an organizational setting.

24) Richard Cabot’s modification in medical treatment and training established the foundation
for the field of social work that is currently practiced, medical social work.

25) He was one of the first practitioners to recognize that socioeconomic and psychological
factors had to be viewed in handling patients. This non-judgmental methodology
penetrates the field of social work still to this day.

26) Richard Cabot’s belief in healing patients with respect despite their background, financial
or political status; the most significant contributions to the field of social work and

4. humanity. He advocated on the theory that even the least of us are deserving of fair access to
the laws of freedom that were often not shared with the helpless populations of his era and
ours today.
One of his publication is
"Social Work; Essays on the Meeting-ground of Doctor and Social Worker Richard C.
(Richard Clarke) 1868 Cabot".

27) Edward T. Devine (1867–1948) was a writer, educator, and administrator. As general
secretary of the New York Charity Organization Society, he formed the Wayfarer's Lodge
and the Tenement House Committee. He was Director of the New York School of
Philanthropy.

28) As a contributor to social work education, he helped found the Newyork School of
philanthropy in 1898 and guided it towards its development as the Columbia university
school of social work.

29) He also founded leading social work journal of the time. The survey and wrote several
texts about the history of social work and social welfare including misery and it's causes
(1909) social work 1928 when social work was young 1939.

30) Edward Devine took what he had learned and applied it to the burgeoning field of social
work. Early in his career, he focused his efforts on children's welfare and on housing for the
poor. While serving as president of New York City's Charity Organization Society, he
assigned volunteers to act as agents. These professionals are widely regarded as being pre-
cursors to modern-day social workers.

31) Devine also left his mark by being the first to use the term "case work," which is also,
where the term "case worker" originated.

32) Colleen Galambos started her career as a social worker for Head Start. After receiving
her MSW, she worked as a social worker for the Visiting Nurses Association, directed an
Independent Living Program for the Multiple Sclerosis Society Maryland Chapter, and
was an administrator for a home healthcare agency before becoming Director of Social
Work, Outreach, and Admissions at the Cardinal Shehan Center for the Aging in
Timonium, Maryland.

33) Dr. Colleen Galambos has been a leader in advocating for older adults and quality long-
term care. She has served on many committees and has been active in several organizations
that pushed boundaries and advanced the issue of quality care for this population.

34) Dr. Galambos also has been heavily involved in social work education and the
development of professional standards for social workers. As Director of the Maryland
Gerontological Association, she developed and implemented interdisciplinary training and

5. education in gerontology and geriatrics across the state of Maryland and participated in
the development of national education and training.

35) She advocated for the addition of aging into the college curriculum and built bridges
between social work practice, policy, research, and education. She has developed an
interdisciplinary minor in gerontology, a graduate-level gerontology concentration in
social work, and a graduate certificate in Gerontological social work that she currently
directs at the University of Missouri.

36) She co-authored 4 books and published more than 140 journal articles, book chapters,
and other publications. She is honored with numerous awards including: Milwaukee Business
Journal Women of Influence Award, 2020; Excellence in Research Award, Helen Bader
School of Social Welfare, 2020; University of Missouri Sinclair School of Nursing
Honorary Alumni Award, 2017; NASW Pioneer,2016; Gerontological Society of America
Fellow, 2013.

37) Shanti K. Khinduka is the George Warren Brown Distinguished University Professor at
Washington University in St. Louis. As dean of its School of Social Work from 1974-2004, he
was instrumental in establishing several path-breaking centers for research and training.

38) He also fashioned a curriculum emphasizing evidence-based practice, economic and social
development, and capacity building for individuals and communities.

39) Khinduka has published worldwide on social action, social work education, community
and social development, globalization, international social welfare, and ethnic conflict. An
editor of three books, he founded the Journal of Social Service Research in 1977 and chaired
its editorial board until 2004.

40) He is one of the founders of the St. Louis Group and of the International Consortium
for Social Development, and served as the president of the latter organization from 2001-
2005. He has led or served on several key committees of the major social work organizations
in the United States.

41) Shanti Khinduka built the modern George Warren Brown School of Social Work,
taking it from a very good school to a top school in the United States and in the world. For
more than four decades, he has been a dedicated leader committed to strengthening social
work scholarship and the social work profession.

42) Lynch, who sits on the National Association of Social Workers Board of Directors, aged
out of the foster care system. He has spent his entire social work career thinking about the role
of men within families, especially the role of fathers. He noticed that policies that were
designed to help troubled families often left fathers out of the equation, which eventually
spurred his advocacy for fathers in the lives of children and families and the systems that
serve them.

6. 43) Rufus Sylvester Lynch currently serves as Chair of The Strong Families Commission, a
Philadelphia-based nonprofit that works to eliminate barriers to father involvement in
youth- and family-serving systems of care.

44) Throughout his career, Rufus has served in senior staff positions in state government,
private industry, higher education, and nonprofit corporations. From 2012-2016, Rufus was
a Stoneleigh Fellow and Research Associate at Bryn Mawr College’s Graduate School of
Social Work and Social Research, where he identified best practices for the integration of
responsible fatherhood programming within family-focused systems of care.

45) He is the former Dean of the Whitney M. Young, Jr. School of Social Work at Clark
Atlanta University and has authored or co-authored over two dozen manuscripts in
professional books and/or scholarly journals. He continues to remain committed to the
Institute for the Advancement of Working Families, which seeks to promote best practices
in the human services field to meet the needs of vulnerable communities.

46) Dr. Lynch is a forensic macro practice social worker and former Dean of the Whitney
M. Young, Jr. School of Social Work at Clark Atlanta University. He has lectured at over
a dozen colleges and universities; authored or co-authored over 30 published manuscripts
in professional books and/or scholarly journals; and has actively participated in over 200
professional conferences, workshops, and training institutes.

47) Throughout his career Lynch has been defined as a highly talented professional with a
national reputation as a successful and visionary leader with an impressive history of
positive and proactive contributions to human and institutional development; champion of
forward thinking, with a social conscience for implementing actions that have a positive impact
on people, society, government and the systems that serve them; and, creator of programs,
policies, initiatives, and entities that impact society by means that improve the status quo and
creates a better future for all.

48) Medha Patkar is a social activist and social reformer. Patkar is an alumnus of TISS, a
premier institute of social science research in India. She also took part in 2011 Indian anti-
corruption movement led by veteran social activist Anna Hazare.

49) Medha Patkar is a social activist working for the uplift of lives of people. Patkar is the
founder member of Narmada Bachao Andolan. She is still working with Narmada Bachao
Andolan with a mass base in tribal and peasant communities in Gujarat, Maharashtra and
Madhya Pradesh.

50) She is also the founder of National Alliance of People's Movements. She is the National
Convener of National Alliance of People's Movements, an alliance of progressive people’s
organisations, with the aim of working on issues related to socio-economic justice, equity,
political justice among others.

7. 51) She was a representative to the World Commission on Dams to research the
environmental, economic and social impacts of the development of large dams globally.
Medha Patkar is an advocate of human rights. She organizes protest movements for rights
of the people. She protested against the setting up of Tata Motors plant at Singur in West
Bengal.

52) Medha Patkar received several awards for her social works. In 1991, she received the
Right Livelihood Award. In 1992 Patkar received the Goldman Environment Award. She
received the Green Ribbon Award for Best International Political Campaigner in 1995
by BBC England.

53) Helen Northen is professor emerita in the School of Social Work, University of
Southern California. Her many publications include Clinical Social Work.

54) Dr. Northen made an important contribution to the development of services in health and
mental health settings. During her many years as a Professor at the University of Southern
California (USC) School of Social Work, she set a precedent in the development of a health
care concentration and was a leader in formulating a generic model of social work that
became the corner­stone of USC's social work curriculum.

55) A lifetime member of NASW, Dr. Northen's work always emphasized health and mental
health and the application of a broadly conceived, ecologically focused social work
practice. Her ideas about social work practice and health and mental health settings were
widely disseminated. She was a prolific writer whose published books were adopted as texts
by many schools through­out the nation.

56) Dr. Northen held many leadership positions in professional organizations. She played a
key role in the founding of the Association for the Advancement of Social Work with
Groups (AASWG) and was a member of AASWG's Board of Directors. She also served on
NASW's National Council on the Practice of Clinical Social Work.

57) Northen received a distinguished service award for Distinguished Practitioner of Social
Work and then as a Distinguished Faculty Member of the University of Southern
California. In 1998, she received the Ruth Knee/ Milton Wittman Achievement Award.

58) Katherine (Brownell) Oettinger received a master's degree from the Smith College School
for Social Work, having completed her field training at a settlement house and child
guidance clinic in St. Paul, Minnesota.

59) Four years she was a caseworker with the Charity Organization Society in New York
City, supervising students from what came to be the Columbia University School of Social
Work.

8. 60) Katherine “Kay” Brownell Oettinger (1903–1997) was an authority on the care and
upbringing of children with special emphasis on children with intellectual disabilities.

61) Dr. Oettinger received many awards and was called one of the nation's ''true heroines''
by Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey.

62) She traveled the world as a consultant on population control and family planning and
wrote articles for social science journals and a well-received book, with Elizabeth C. Mooney,
''Not My Daughter: Facing Up to Adolescent Pregnancy'' (Prentice-Hall, 1979).

63) Dorothy M. Pearson became the first African-American to earn a PhD from the school.
From her beginnings in the legally segregated South, Pearson worked her way to becoming
the first African-American to earn a PhD from the UW-Madison School of Social Work.

64) In 1975, Pearson joined the faculty at Howard University, where she established a
doctoral program in social work. She retired from the university in 1999. After a distinguished
career in social work practice and education, Pearson was designated a Social Work
Pioneer by the National Association of Social Workers.

65) She went on to serve on the UW-Madison School of Social Work Board of Visitors and
established the Dorothy M. Pearson Graduate Fellowship Fund which supports an African-
American PhD student each year.

66) Her dissertation on social class and the mentally retarded was selected by the American
Association on Mental Retardation as an outstanding contribution to knowledge in the field.
She went on to publish some of her findings in Social Service Review.

67) In 1993, Pearson received the outstanding alumnus award from Southern University-
Baton Rouge and was the recipient of other honors and awards and organizational
appointments. In 1999, the Council recognized her on Social Work Education for her
leadership in the establishment and development of their Carl A. Scott Memorial Fund.

68) World Social Work Day is a celebration that aims to highlight the achievements of social
work, raise the visibility of social services for the future of societies, and to defend social
justice and human rights.

69) Every year, World Social Work Day is celebrated on the third Tuesday of March. A
celebration has become a high point in the social work calendar, with social workers all
over the world celebrating and promoting the contributions of the profession to
individuals, families, communities and wider society.
70) The first World Social Work Day was celebrated in 2007 under the theme “Social Work
-Making a World of Difference”. The initiative of celebrating Word Social Work Day was
approved by the member organizations of the International Federation of Social Workers
(IFSW) at the General Meeting in Adelaide, 2004.

9. 71) In 1983, IFSW United Nations Representatives in New York, led by Jack A. Kamaiko
proposed a project to bring social workers of the area into the UN Headquarters in New
York. This was the beginning of an annual celebration called Social Work Day at the United
Nations.

72) The original idea behind the Social Work Day was to organize an event that could be a way
of interpreting the work of the United Nations to the social work profession and of alerting
social workers to the means by which they can collaborate with the NGO´s on
humanitarian issues.

73) World Social Work Day takes place on 21 March 2023. This year’s theme is ‘Respecting
diversity through joint social action’. It stems from the People’s Charter for a New Eco-
Social World and recognizes that change happens locally through our diverse
leaderful communities.

74) Dr. Mary Ann Quaranta "made a difference" in "exploring new territories," "
constructing bridges between individuals, families, communities and organizations," and
provided a "role model for future generations of social workers." She was recognized both
within and outside the social work profession for her important contributions to social
work education and practice.

75) One of her achievements as Dean was the school's receipt of the prestigious National
Institute of Mental Health research grant with a focus on Hispanic Mental Health.

76) Also under her leadership she developed many new programs, including a full social work
program in Tarrytown, as well as a Saturday program to enable social service workers
who are employed full time the opportunity to pursue professional social work education.
Over the years she partnered with many community agencies to provide research, education,
and training.

77) Dr. Quaranta demonstrated many social work skills in bringing together diverse groups.
One example of this was her initiation of the Interdisciplinary Center for Family and Child
Advocacy in collaboration with the Law School and the National Center for Schools and
Communities with the School of Education.

78) Dr. Quaranta's achievements were in the practice, as well as academic community. On a
national level, she served as President of the National Association of Social Workers, Vice
President of the North American International Federation of Social Workers, and
president of Catholic Charities, USA. Because of her outstanding accomplishments, she
received many awards, including the Lifetime Achievement award from the Council on
Social Work Education, as well as the National Association of Social Workers (2000).

10. 79) Often called the “mother of family therapy,” Virginia Satir started her professional life
as an educator after graduating from the Milwaukee State Teachers College (now the
University of Wisconsin).

80) While working as a public school teacher, Virginia developed an interest in meeting and
working with her students’ parents – recognizing early on that engaging the support of
parents not only yielded more successful outcomes for her students in the classroom, it also
unlocked potential for healing within their families as well.

81) She began to see the family as a microcosm for the larger world, famously stating, “If
we can heal the family, we can heal the world.”

82) The Satir Model ultimately expanded beyond the realm of family therapy and became
recognized as applicable to all situations where improving human communication and
growth is desired, proving to be useful in areas ranging from therapy and social work to
education and information technology. The principles embodied in Virginia Satir’s unique
combination of intelligence, insight, and compassion are universal in their applicability to
the human condition.

83) Satir believed all people possess the capacity for growth and transformation as well as
the ability to continue their education throughout life. In developing her technique, she
focused on finding the inner self and stimulating change at the core of a person is being.
She believed people could access a spiritual Life Energy to influence their emotions and
behaviors, begin or further the journey toward healing and growth, and improve
interactions with others.

84) The Satir Model is valuable in the education and practice of social work. We can
understand more deeply the practice of social work with the Satir Model due to its rich
analyses that help practitioners understand human behavior and make sense of their own
experience. Experiential learning, particularly sculpting, is suitable for case teaching and
the practice of social work.

85) Joan Oppenheimer Weiss, ACSW, LICSW, LCSW, is a leader in the field of genetics
and social work. During her extraordinary career, spanning nearly four decades, she has been
a very effective advocate for individuals with genetic disorders and her work and
contributions are on the leading edge of genetic research.

86) A leading spokesperson for the role of social work in the growing field of genetic research
and education, Ms. Weiss has provided numerous lectures and workshops in the United
States and Europe, and has published several books in the field of genetics and social work.

87) Ms. Weiss was a Founder and first Executive Director of the Alliance of Genetic
Support Groups, a major umbrella group for voluntary genetic organizations across the
country.

11. 88) She served on the National Association of Social Workers’ Foundation Board of
Directors; and, serves on the NASW Social Work Pioneer Steering Committee. In addition,
she is the chair of the NASW working group on standards for including genetics in the
clinical practice of social workers.

89) Dame Eileen Louise Younghusband was internationally known for her research and
teaching in the field of social work.

90) She advocated "generic" training – a set of core knowledge common to all social workers.
In 1954, she pioneered the teaching of a generic course that was to become the prototype of
professional social work training in other universities.

91) Eileen Younghusband's publications include:
The Education and Training of Social Workers (1947)
Social Work in Britain (1951)
Social work in Britain, 1950–1975: a follow-up study (1978)

92) She was president of the International Association of Schools of Social Work between
1961-1967 and later was later appointed an honorary life president. In 1976, she was given
the René Sand award, the highest award in the field of international social work.