Plantation of night blooming jasmine.pptx

Nyctanthes arbor-tristis , commonly known as Night-flowering Jasmine, Parijat, or Harsingar, is a small deciduous tree of significant medicinal, ornamental, and cultural value across South and Southeast Asia. Belonging to the family Oleaceae, this species thrives in tropical and subtropical regions, preferring well-drained, organic-rich soil and abundant sunlight. Beyond its aesthetic appeal, N. arbor-tristis has long been integrated into traditional medicine systems for its extensive therapeutic properties.

1. 20XX Case Study 20XX Case Study Plant Parenting : Mahesh Sharma Night-flowering Jasmine

2. Introduction Common Name: Night-flowering Jasmine, Coral Jasmine पारिजात (Parijat), हरसिंगार (Harsingar), शीफाली (Shefali), Queen of the Night. Botanical name: Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Main uses: Medicinal, Ornamental & Mythological. Traditional Medicine: Treats fever, Arthritis, Skin issues, Liver disease.

3. Classification Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Lamiales Family: Oleaceae Genus: Nyctanthes Species: arbor-tristis

4. Botanical Description Small deciduous tree or shrub (up to 10 m in height). Leaves: Opposite, ovate, rough texture, bitter taste. Flowers: White petals with an orange tube. Fragrant and bloom at night. Falls by morning. Fruits: Heart-shaped brown capsule with two seeds.

5. Habitat & Distribution Native to South Asia and Southeast Asia. Grows in tropical and subtropical regions. Common in gardens, parks, and temples. (1)

6. Growing Conditions Sunlight: Prefers full sun to partial shade, requires 6-8 hours of sunlight. Soil: Fertile, well-drained, rich in organic matter. Climate: Best suited for warm tropical and subtropical environments. Fertilizers: use compost or potassium-rich natural fertilizers. Pruning: Encourages flowering and healthy growth. (1)

7. 🩺 Traditional & Ethnomedicinal Uses Leaves: Used for fever (malaria, dengue, chikungunya), arthritis, constipation, and as anthelmintic and tonic. Flowers: Ophthalmic, carminative, stomachic; used for hair greying and spleen issues. Seeds: Used in baldness, scurvy, and scalp diseases. Bark: Expectorant, anti-dysenteric. Root decoction: Used for spleen enlargement and intestinal worms. Tribal medicine: Used with honey for malaria and bleeding diarrhoea; anti-venom for snake bites. (3)

8. 🧬 Pharmacological Activities 1. Antioxidant High in flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic compounds. Scavenges free radicals and hydrogen peroxide effectively. 2. Antiviral Arbortristosides A & C show inhibition against Encephalomyocarditis and Semliki Forest Virus. 3. Antiplasmodial (Antimalarial) Rengyolone and its derivatives show activity against Plasmodium falciparum. 4. Anti-allergic & Antihistaminic Extract prevents histamine-induced hypoxia; contains anthristosides A and C. 5. Sedative & CNS Depressant Hot flower infusion shows mild sedative activity; increases serotonin levels and reduces dopamine. (2)

9. 6. Anti-leishmanial Arbortristosides A, B, C show potent in vitro and in vivo action against Leishmania donovani. 7. Antimicrobial (Broad Spectrum) Effective against E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methanol and aqueous extracts of leaves/bark show strong action. 8. Anti-arthritic & Anti-inflammatory Reduces cytokines TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6. Demonstrated efficacy in collagen-induced arthritis and inflammatory edema models. 9. Antiparasitic & Antitrypanosomal Ethanolic extracts prolong survival in Trypanosoma evansi infection. 10. Immunostimulant Increases antibody titer and total WBC count.

10. 11. Hepatoprotective Protects liver from CCl₄-induced toxicity and acetaminophen damage. 12. Antidiabetic & Hypolipidemic Decreases blood glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides; increases HDL. Increases liver glycogen and catalase, reduces SGPT/SGOT levels. 13. Anti-ulcerogenic Compounds arbortristoside-A and cinnamoyl-hydroxyloganin heal gastric ulcers and prevent acid injury. 14. Antifungal Methanolic extract inhibits Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, and Penicillium growth. 15. Anti-anaemic Increases hemoglobin and RBC count in rats.

11. Cultural & Religious Significance State Flower & Rituals It is proudly recognised as the official state flower of West Bengal, India. Its blossoms play a pivotal role in religious ceremonies, particularly in the elaborate Durga Puja rituals, symbolising purity and devotion. Mythological Roots Ancient Hindu mythology tells tales of the Parijat tree, believed to have been brought from the celestial realms by Lord Krishna for his beloved consort, Goddess Satyabhama, adding to its divine allure. Traditional Forecasts Local traditions even rely on the flowering patterns of the Parijat to predict upcoming weather shifts and the timing of rainfall, showcasing its deep connection to daily life. (4)

12. References : Paarakh et al. A comprehensive review of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn. YMER. 2023. Pandel et al.Comprehensive Review on Parijat.IJPR.Vol-8.2023. Shinde et al.Review on Nyctanthes arbor-tristis.IJSRM.Vol-27 2024. Singh et al.Parijat: A Holy Tree of India.AJMP.2022.

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