Pleurosis_Detailed_Presentation.pptx about

This is main disease of respiratory system

1. Pleurosis (Pleurisy Disease) Presented by: Sunjim Department of Pharmacy Khwaja Yunus Ali University

2. Introduction Pleurosis or Pleurisy = inflammation of pleura Causes sharp chest pain when breathing or coughing Usually symptom of infection (pneumonia, TB, etc.) Affects respiratory function and may cause fluid buildup

3. Why It’s Called “Pleurisy” Greek word 'pleura' means side or rib Pain occurs on one side of chest near ribs Name shows the area of pain and inflammation Described first by Hippocrates in ancient Greece

4. Anatomy of the Pleura Two layers: 1. Visceral pleura – covers lungs directly 2. Parietal pleura – lines chest wall & diaphragm Pleural cavity contains 5–15 mL of lubricating fluid Function: reduces friction during breathing

5. Causative Factors Infectious: bacteria (pneumonia, TB), viruses (influenza) Non-infectious: autoimmune disease, cancer, embolism Injury or trauma to chest Post-surgical inflammation or drugs

6. Mode of Development Inflammation damages pleural membranes Pleural layers rub together → pain Friction causes sharp, stabbing pain Fluid may accumulate (pleural effusion) Pressure reduces lung expansion

7. Pathophysiology Normal: pleura smooth and lubricated Inflamed pleura: fibrin deposits make surface rough Pain fibers irritated in parietal pleura Dry pleurisy – pain without fluid Effusive pleurisy – fluid reduces pain but restricts breathing

8. Signs and Symptoms Sharp chest pain (worse with breathing/coughing) Pain on one side of chest Shortness of breath (dyspnea) Dry cough, fever, chills Pain spreads to shoulder/back Fatigue, shallow breathing

9. Types of Pleurisy 1. Dry pleurisy – friction pain, no fluid 2. Wet (effusive) pleurisy – fluid buildup Wet pleurisy → less pain, more breathlessness

10. Diagnosis Pleural friction rub sound (stethoscope) Chest X-ray, Ultrasound, CT scan Blood tests for infection or autoimmune disease Thoracentesis – test pleural fluid sample

11. Treatment Overview Goal: relieve pain & treat cause Depends on cause (bacterial, viral, autoimmune) Antibiotics, antivirals, NSAIDs, drainage Hospitalization if breathing difficulty occurs

12. Medical Treatment Antibiotics (azithromycin, amoxicillin) Antivirals for viral cause NSAIDs for pain & inflammation Corticosteroids for autoimmune pleurisy Oxygen therapy if needed Drain fluid via thoracentesis or chest tube

13. Supportive Care Rest and hydration Warm compress for pain relief Avoid smoking and pollutants Deep breathing & coughing exercises Pain medicine as prescribed Healthy diet to build immunity

14. Complications Pleural effusion (fluid buildup) Empyema (pus in pleural cavity) Fibrosis (thickening of pleura) Atelectasis (lung collapse) Respiratory failure (severe cases)

15. Prevention Treat infections early Vaccinate (pneumonia, influenza, TB) Avoid smoking and pollution Maintain hygiene and strong immunity Regular checkups for lung/autoimmune disease

16. Conclusion Pleurosis = painful inflammation of pleura Early diagnosis prevents complications Healthy lungs need vaccination and care “Healthy lungs mean a healthy life.”