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1. Industrial Training On SCADA And G.I.S Submitted By - DIVYANG BHATT(21EE11) Submitted To :- Head Of The Department Of Electrical engineering ( EE ) Of Engineering College ,Ajmer

2. DECLARATION I, Divyang Bhatt, hereby declare that this internship report entitled “SCADA & GIS “at TPADL, Ajmer. This report is the record of authentic work carried out by me during the period from 25th May 2023 to 20th july 2023 at regional college chauraha , TPADL, Ajmer under the supervision of my training incharge Mr. Abhishek Sharma, Lead engineer-SCADA &GIS. I also declare that this internship work is towards the partial fulfillment of the university regulations for the award of degree of bachelors of technology by Bikaner technical university, Bikaner. I declare that the work presented for assessment in this summer internship. Report is my own, it has not previously been presented for another assessment and my debts (for words, data, arguments and ideas) have been appropriately acknowledged. I declare that the work conforms to the guidelines for presentation and style set out in the relevant documentation .

3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This project bears the imprint of many people who has assisted me in the successful comprehension of the report. I wish to express my sincere gratitude to SCADA Department of TPADL and acknowledge the contribution of all the people who took active part and provided valuable support to me during the course of this project. I would like to thank thanks Mr. Narotam Tiwari , HR, head of TPADL, Ajmer for giving me the opportunity to do an internship within the company. With due reverence, I acknowledge the valuable support of “ Mr. Abhishek Sharma ” , my mentor for giving me the opportunity to add my knowledge reservoir. I am highly indebted to Principal Dr. Rekha Mehra , for the facilities provided to accomplish this internship. I would like to thank my Head of the Department Mr. K.G.Sharma for his constructive criticism throughout my internship. I would like to thank , Dr. Ankur Pareek College Training And Placement(TPO) Cell Head . For their support and advices to get and complete internship in TPADL . I am extremely grateful to my department staff members , mentors , teachers and my dear friends who helped me in successful completion of this internship.

4. COMPANY PROFILE TP Ajmer Distribution Limited (TPADL) is a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) formed by Tata Power and signed Distribution Franchisee Agreement (DFA) with Ajmer Vidyut Vitran Nigam Limited (AVVNL) to cater to the power requirements of customers in Ajmer for a period of 20 years which will be responsible for operating and maintaining the distribution network in Ajmer City, which includes City Division-I and City Division-II areas. It will also be responsible for managing the billing and collections in the said areas. TP Ajmer Distribution Limited will work closely with the existing employees, Government of Rajasthan, and its elected representatives, officials in electricity department as well as law enforcement agencies to serve customers with efficiency and ensure superior customer care that is synonymous with Tata Power. Board of director :- MR. GANESH SRINIVASAN(chairmen) MR. NILESH NARAYAN KANE(director) Leadership Team :- MR. NAROTTAM TEWARY(HEAD-BUSINESS HR ) MR. ABHISHEK SHARMA(HEAD-SCADA AND GIS) MR. AJIT KHANDELWAL(HEAD-HTM) MR. MADANLAL

5. CONTENT Abstract Introduction of grid substation Function of grid Substation Elements of substation SCADA Network Architecture of SCADA Typical Components of SCADA system Architecture Of Remote Terminal Unit Features and application of SCADA system Communication Protocols Ajmer SCADA Central Block Diagram GIS : Geographical Information System Geospatial Technologies For Power Sector How GIS Works Application Of GIS In Electrical Power Distribution Conclusion

6. Abstract Tata Power Ajmer Distribution Limited (TPADL) stands as a prominent entity in the power distribution sector, committed to delivering sustainable and reliable electricity services. Established as a joint venture between Tata Power and the Government of Rajasthan, TPADL operates with a mission to illuminate lives and empower communities across the Ajmer region. With a steadfast focus on innovation, efficiency, and customer-centricity, TPADL leverages cutting-edge technology, including SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems, to ensure seamless transmission and distribution of electricity. This technological backbone enables real-time monitoring, fault detection, and swift resolution, ensuring uninterrupted power supply to residential, commercial, and industrial consumers. As an integral part of the Tata Power family, TPADL upholds the values of integrity, excellence, and social responsibility, driving towards a brighter and more electrified tomorrow for the Ajmer region and its inhabitants.

7. INTRODUCTION TO GRID SUBSTATION Grid Substation:- Grid Sub-Station forms an important link between transmission network and distribution network. It has a vital influence of reliability of service. Apart from ensuring efficient transmission and distribution of power, the sub-station configuration should be such that it enables easy maintenance of equipments and minimum interruptions in power supply. Sub-Station is constructed as near as possible to the load center. The voltage level of power transmission is decided on the quantum of power to be transmitted to the load center. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions. Between the generating station and consumer, electric power may flow through several substations at different voltage levels. A substation may include transformers to change voltage levels between high transmission voltages and lower distribution voltages, or at the interconnection of two different transmission voltages. They are a common component of the infrastructure.

8. Functions of Grid Substation Main tasks associated with major sub-stations in the transmission and distribution system include following: Protection of transmission system. Controlling the Exchange of Energy. Ensure steady State & Transient stability. Load shedding and prevention of loss of synchronism. Voltage Control; reducing the reactive power flow by compensation of reactive power, tap-changing. Securing the supply by proving adequate line capacity. Data transmission via power line carrier for the purpose of network monitoring; control and protection. Fault analysis and pin-pointing the cause and subsequent improvement in that area of field.

9. Elements Of A Substation Primary lines Ground wires Overhead wires Transformers Disconnect switch Circuit breaker Lightning arrester Control building

10. SCADA What is SCADA? Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition or simply SCADA is one of the solutions available for data acquisition, monitor and control systems covering large geographical areas. It refers to the combination of data acquisition and telemetry. In this system, measurements are made under field or process level in a plant by number of remote terminal units and then data are transferred to the SCADA central host computer so that more complete process or manufacturing information can be provided remotely ( Supervisory control and data acquisition )

11. Network Architecture of SCADA

12. Typical Components Of SCADA System Remote terminal unit(RTU):- RTU is the main component in SCADA system that has a direct connection with various sensors, meters and actuators associated with a control environment. These RTUs are nothing but real-time programmable logic controllers (PLCs) which are responsible for properly converting remote station information to digital form Master terminal units (MTUs) :- A central host servers or server is called Master Terminal Unit, sometimes it is also called as SCADA center. It communicates with several RTUs by performing reading and writing operations during scheduled scanning. In addition, it performs control, alarming, networking with other nodes, etc.

13. Architecture Of Remote Terminal Unit:-

14. Features and application Of SCADA system Features:- Data acquisition Remote control Network data communication Data presentation Real time data analysis Alarms and security warnings Reporting Remote sensing Application:- electricity generation and distribution oil and gas refining operations telecommunications infrastructure transportation and shipping infrastructure fabrication and other industrial processing food and beverage processing chemical manufacturing utilities infrastructure, including water and waste control.

15. COMMUNICATION A network is a group of devices connected to share data. Connecting and sharing is commonly referred to as communication. Devices can be components directly in the electrical network such as circuit breakers, sensors associated with the application, communication network infrastructure such as Ethernet switches or controllers automating the system i.e., Computers or PLC’s.

16. Typical Communication Devices Sensor :– “read-only” data measured or in others words Measure physical input and converts it into electrical signals . Ex: discrete inputs, 4-20mA analog signals, transducer signals. Actuator :– changing the state of the process or system via some control mechanism and Helps to achieves physical moments from electrical signals. Ex: Open/Close circuit breaker, contactor, relay, discrete output, varying frequency . Infrastructure : – support and manage the network. Ex: router, switch, media converter, protocol converter, data logger . Controller :– These interface directly with sensors and actuators. Helps in logic or decision making and Logic or decision. Ex: Alarms, software code / applications

17. PROTOCOLS Communication protocol is a system of rules that allow devices in a network to transmit information. Protocols have well-defined formats, in many cases formal Technical Standards. Communication protocols are a vast and complex topic as many aspects can be layered together. Regarding Electrical Installation, we can take a simplified view and consider protocols in 2 categories, language and services. Protocols that define properties of the message and how it is communicated can be thought of as a language some examples are Modbus , Profibus , Device Net

18. Control Centre AJMER SCADA CONTROL CENTER BLOCK DIAGRAM

19. GIS Geographical Information System A geographic information system (GIS) is a system that creates, manages, analyzes, and maps all types of data. GIS connects data to a map, integrating location data (where things are) with all types of descriptive information (what things are like there). This provides a foundation for mapping and analysis that is used in science and almost every industry. GIS helps users understand patterns, relationships, and geographic context. The benefits include improved communication and efficiency as well as better management and decision making.

20. Geospatial Technologies for Power

21. How does GIS work? GIS technology applies geographic science with tools for understanding and collaboration. It helps people reach a common goal: to gain actionable intelligence from all types of data Geographic References Vector and Raster Models

22. Applications of GIS in Electrical Power Distribution Optimizing Electrical Lines Routing :- The transmission line routing is highly complex, and people are concerned about health issues due to the electric and magnetic fields, especially from high voltage transmission lines. GIS is used in transmission line routing as a technical tool.

23. Load Forecasting :- Forecasting the amount of future load growth and predicts the location of load increment is called load forecasting. It is very important for power planning and the whole planning work depends on it. To perform spatial load forecasting techniques GIS technology provides an excellent platform which merge distribution system data with land-use and development data. Disaster Management and Locating Faults :- GIS enhance visualization of power systems by associating spatial data with transmission assets, such as animation, making them attractive platforms for displaying geographically referenced real time power system data such as the voltage and line loading monitoring. GIS information is stored in geographical map layers making it easy to relate transmission network conditions with other relevant information such as weather, vegetation growth, and road networks. Real time weather data integrated in GIS increases the operator’s situational awareness.

24. Conclusion Electricity is an essential need for our daily life. Power distribution should be managed safely and effectively by power distribution companies. Efficient functioning of Distribution Company leads to the development of power sector and economy. Power distribution system is benefited much more with the advancement of software and IT sector. This paper shows the application of new and emerging technology like GIS and SCADA which plays a major role in modern management of power distribution companies. GIS works with data on an interactive map where it can be updated, understood, and shared. GIS integrates both land base and the electrical network maps.

25. Thank you DIVYANG BHATT 21EE11