PPT on Behaviouralism

Power point presentation on Behaviouralism, this is most important and basic topic for Foundations of Political Science, students...

1. Behaviouralism By Dr. Mamta Pareek

2. What is Approach ? The study of political science and in the process of search for political truth certain procedure must be followed. These procedures are defined as approaches, methods, techniques and strategies. Approaches to study political science are grouped as traditional and modern approaches –

3. Features of Traditional Approach Traditional approaches are largely normative and stresses on the values of politics. Emphasis is on the study of different political structures. Traditional approaches made very little attempt to relate theory and research. These approaches believe that since facts and values are closely interlinked, studies in Political Science can never be scientific.

4. Features of Modern Approach These approaches try to draw conclusion from empirical data. These approaches go beyond the study of political structures and its historical analysis. Modern Approaches believe in inter-disciplinary study. They emphasize scientific methods of study and attempt to draw scientific conclusions in Political Science.

5. Behaviouralism After II world war, Lots of revolutionary changes have been done in political science due to dissatisfaction & criticism of Traditional Approach. Basically Behaviouralism’s birth credit goes to thinkers; those got many realistic experiences during II world war and found failure of traditional researches in practical life. This realistic revolution is known as Behavioural Revolution.

6. DEVELOPMENT OF BEHAVIOURALISM First reflection of Behaviouralism is in 20th century’s famous book “HUMAN NATURE IN POLITICS” – GRAHAM WALLAS & “THE PROCESS OF GOVERNMENT” – A.F. BENTLY Behaviouralism has been started through the book published in 1925’ “ NEW ASPECTS OF POLITICS” – CHARLES E. MERRIAM ( Founder of Behaviouralism) Chicago University, USA was the centre of these new ideas, that is why this concept is famous as Chicago School , further it is known as Behaviouralism. Profounder of Behaviouralism – Charles E Merriam & David Easton – “The Political System”

7. Behavioural Political Scientist are :- Herbert Simon – Administrative Behaviour Lasswell & Caplon – Power & Society Catlin – As Study of the Principles of Pol. Sc. Harold Lasswell – Politics : Who Gets What, When & How ? Henz Eualu David Truman Lucian Pie Gabriel Almonds Karl Deutsch Robert Dahl etc. CHARLES E. MERRIAM NEW ASPECTS OF POLITICS David Easton – THE POLITICAL SYSTEM

8. Definitions of Behaviouralism “Behaviouralism is the study of human political behaviour which can be supervised, measured & verified.” - David Easton “Behaviouralism is a protest movement within political science, its object is to made political science more scientific.” - Robert A. Dahl “Behaviouralism is the study of human group behaviour with special reference of politics.” - Blaire koalas

9. Base of Behaviouralism S YSTEMATIC E MPIRICAL T ECHNICAL SET

10. Characteristics of Behaviouralism 1. Regularities – collection of Data 2. Verification – Verified the collected Data 3 . Use of Techniques – Pure scientific methods must be used 4. Quantification – Collected & Verified data must be measured and quantified. 5. Value free study – All facts & study should separated from values. 6. Systematization – Research should be systematic, Theory oriented & Theory Directed 7. Pure Science – Final aim is to establish Political Science as Natural Science 8. Integration – Political Science should integrated with other social sciences (Inter Disciplinary Approach) “Intellectual Foundation stone of Behaviouralism” according to David Easton

11. Criticism of Behaviouralism ➢ Political aspect neglected ➢ Extra access of techniques ➢ Study of Human Behaviour is not possible ➢ Analytical method is not absolute ➢ Contradictory study ➢ Empirical study has its own limitation ➢ Concept of political behaviour is myth ➢ Costly method ➢ Appropriate for democratic countries only

12. Importance of Behaviouralism ❖ Starting of new Political science ❖ Politics became scientific ❖ Realistic study ❖ New method adopted e.g. – Interview, Questionnaire, Observation Initiate Inter Disciplinary Approach ❖ Value free research

13. Evaluation of Behaviouralism Behaviouralism has opened a new dimension for political research & due to this change Political Science has awake from deep sleep. Arnold Brecht - Behaviouralism is a tragedy of 20th century Leo Straus – Behaviouralism is “Victory OF Gutter”

14. Thank you By Dr. Mamta Pareek Associate Professor Poddar International College, Jaipur E mail id – [email protected]