Prenatal development.pptxPrenatal development.pptx

This is power point of pre natal development .

1. Topic : Prenatal Development

2. The course of prenatal development is divided into three stages: Germinal , Embryonic , and Fetal periods.

3. The Germinal Period Germinal Period is the prenatal development period in the first 2 weeks after conception, involving zygote creation, continued cell devision , and zygote attachment to the uterine wall.

4. The Embryonic Period > The embryonic period, lasting 2-8 weeks after conception, involves prenatal development, intensifying cell differentiation, developing the embryo’s life-support system (placenta, umbilical cord, amnion), and forming the embryo’s organ system.

5. Fatal Period > The fetal period, lasting from conception to birth, involves continuous growth and development of the organ system, allowing life to be sustained outside the womb.

6. Teratology > Teratology is a scientific discipline that focuses on understanding the causes of congenital defects, which are referred to as teratogens.

7. Hazards to Prenatal Development Prescription and non-prescription drugs • The 1960s thalidomide tragedy demonstrated that thalidomide, taken by pregnant mothers, has a detrimental effect on the developing fetus. Prescription drugs that can be harmful include antibiotics.

• Diet pills, aspirin and coffee are examples of non-prescription drugs that can be harmful

8. The thalidomide scandal In the few short years that thalidomide was available, it’s estimated that over 10,000 babies were affected by the drug worldwide. Around half died within months of being born. The babies who survived and their families live with the effects of the drug •

9. What is Thalidomide ? Thalidomide Medication Thalidomide, sold under the brand names Contergan and Thalomid among others, is an oral medication used to treat a number of cancers, graft-versus-host disease, and many skin disorders. While thalidomide has been used in a number of HIV-associated conditions, such use is associated with increased levels of the virus.

10. Effect of Thalidomide

11. Psychoactive drugs Lead to fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), a cluster of abnormalities in children, including facial deformities and defective limbs. Most children are below average in intelligence and some are mentally retarded. Smoking mothers also have higher fetal and neonatal deaths, preterm births, and lower birthweights. Maternal heroin addicts typically deliver smaller babies, with higher incidences of toxemia, premature separation of placents , hemorrhaging after birth, and breech deliveries.

12. Fatal Alcohol Syndrome ( FAS )

13. Maternal Heroin Addict baby

14. Teratogenic Agent Effect on Development Rubella Blindness; deafness; heart defects; brain damage Marijuana Irritability; nervousness; tremors Cocaine Decreased height; low birth weight; respiratory problems ; learning difficulties; seizures Alcohol FAS (intellectually impaired , delayed growth, facial malformation); learning difficulties; smaller than normal head size Nicotine Miscarriage; low birth weight; stillbirth; short stature; mental retardation; learning disabilities Mercury Mental retardation; blindness Syphilis Mental retardation; deafness; meningitis Caffeine Miscarriage; low birth weight Radiation Higher incidence of cancers; physical deformities Water Temperature Increased chance of neural tube defects

15. The Newborn Baby aka NEONATE I WANT BACK IN!

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