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1. PREPARING A SPEECH OR ORAL REPORT Topic 4.

2. • We speak to express our feelings and thoughts ; one can share his/her experience. He/she can appreciate and be grateful through his/her speech, might as well you can roast someone and entertain everyone. • It is used in school when a student delivers an oral report; it develops the confidence, vocabulary, pronunciation, and even the speaking skills.

3. What does the picture implies?

4. What does the picture implies?

5. Communication requires different approaches. Though there might be some occasional similarities, you should at least know how to behave and respond to various speech contexts appropriately

6. LIGHTS, CAMERA, ACTION!

7. Group 1: Phone Call Convo Group II Mass Communication: Broadcasting, or News casting Group III : Charades/ Pantomime Group IV : Act out the scenario from a popular movie

8.   Manner of Delivery Types of Communication Types of Speech Context Behaviors in Speech Delivery Group 1 Conversation Phone call Communicate using words VERBAL Interpersonal, Dyad   Listen carefully Speak Clearly Eye contact Group 2 News casting Give information Speak clearly VERBAL Mass Communication Small Group Volume Pronunciation Volume of the speakers Group 3 Use actions Facial expressions Hand gestures NONVERBAL Public, Be careful of the body language, actions, gestures Group 4 Signs, symbols, Actions, not words NONVERBAL Intrapersonal Public;   Proper facial expressions Be natural

9. Verbal and Non-verbal Behavior in a Speech Context: When talking to your self - Use self-talk to your advantage: - Don’t overdo it.

10. When talking to one person or a small group of people Listen carefully Check your tone and body language .

11. When talking to the public   - Speaking in front of the crowd requires many preparations; from analyzing your target audience, to planning and drafting your speech up to the rehearsing part. The key therefore is to come prepared. Be yourself while you are on stage and speak in the way that you will be easily understood by your audience.

12. Directions: Tell whether the given statement is True or False .   1. In intrapersonal communication, the message is made up of your thoughts and feelings. 2. In small group communication, all participants can freely share ideas in a loose and open discussion. 3. Participating in the declamation, oration, debate or story telling activity is an example of small group communication. 4. To become an effective public speaker, you have to be yourself while you are on stage and speak in the way that you will easily be understood by your audience. 5. Just like in small group communication, the channel in public communication should not be exaggerated.

13. CLASS REPORTING

14. TALKING WITH YOUR FRIEND

15. In today‘s challenging environment, students must not only possess academic expertise, but also the requisite skills to enhance their learning and employability prospects in the future. An individual learns the basics of oral communication right at home. The school environment takes this learning a notch higher by teaching the student how to interact with peers and teachers alike. The quality of communication in student life will define professional communication later in life.

16. From the book of Madrunio and Martin entitled ―Purposive Communication‖

17. V The following is to be considered to have an effective speech and be a good public speaker:

18. V AUDIENCE Know the profile of your listeners. It is important that you know who will listen to you-their age, gender, educational background, religion, economic status, and interests. Also, know how much the audience knows about the topic.

19. V LOGISTIC It is something basic or essential for every speaker to know who is organizing the event. Know who will be introducing you and who will be speaking before and after you.

20. V VENUE The venue is equally important. Locate the lights and if you have movable visual aids, know where to position them. As a speaker, you should also know how to position yourself and how you should move in front to get the attention of the listeners.

21. V FACILITIES Ask beforehand about the pieces of equipment available for you. These facilities should match the presentation aids that you will use.

22. V CONTENT OF REPORT SPEECH Since you have been invited as a speaker, the organizers might have sought you because of your reputation as an effective speaker.

23. PREPARING An effective presentation An effective presentation is more than just standing up and giving information . A presenter must consider how best to communicate the information to the audience. Oral presentations require a good deal of planning.

24. Use these tips to create a presentation that is both informative and interesting:

25. Organize your thoughts. Start with an outline and develop good transitions between sections. Emphasize the real world significance of your research .

26. 2. Have a strong opening . Why should the audience listen to you? One good way to get their attention is to start with a question, whether or not you expect an answer.

27. 3 . Define terms early. I f you are using terms that may be new to the audience, introduce them early in your presentation. Once an audience gets lost in unfamiliar terminology, it is extremely difficult to get them back on track.

28. 4. Finish with a bang . Find one or two sentences that sum up the importance of your research. How is the world better off as a result of what you have done?

29. 5. Design PowerPoint slides to introduce important information. Consider doing a presentation without PowerPoint. Then consider which points you cannot make without slides. Create only those slides that are necessary to improve your communication with the audience .

30. 6. Time yourself. Do not wait until the last minute to time your presentation. You only have 15 minutes to speak, so you want to know, as soon as possible, if you are close to that limit.

31. 7. Create effective notes for yourself. Have notes that you can read. Do not write out your entire talk; use an outline or other brief reminders of what you want to say. Make sure the text is large enough that you can read it from a distance .

32. 8. Practice, practice, practice. The more you practice your presentation, the more comfortable you will be in front of an audience. Practice in front of a friend or two and ask for their feedback. Record yourself and listen to it critically. Make it better and do it again .

33. PREsenting effectively Use these tips to help keep them interested throughout your presentation: 1. Be excited. You are talking about something exciting. If you remember to be excited, your audience will feel it and automatically become more interested.

34. 2. Speak with confidence. When you are speaking, you are the authority on your topic, but do not pretend that you know everything. If you do not know the answer to a question, admit it. Consider deferring the question to your mentor or offer to look into the matter further .

35. 3. Make eye contact with the audience. Your purpose is to communicate with your audience, and people listen more if they feel you are talking directly to them. As you speak, let your eyes settle on one person for several seconds before moving on to somebody else.

36. 4. Avoid reading from the screen. First, if you are reading from the screen, you are not making eye contact with your audience. Second, if you put it on your slide, it is because you wanted them to read it, not you.

37. 5. Blank the screen when a slide is unnecessary. A slide that is not related to what you are speaking about can distract the audience.

38. 6. Use a pointer only when necessary . If you are using a laser pointer, remember to keep it off unless you need to highlight something on the screen.

39. 7. Explain your equations and graphs. When you display equations, explain them fully. Point out all constants and dependent and independent variables. With graphs, tell how they support your point.

40. 8. Pause . Pauses bring audible structure to your presentation. They emphasize important information, make transitions obvious, and give the audience time to catch up between points and to read new slides.

41. 9. Avoid filler words . Um, like, you know, and many others. To an audience, these are indications that you do not know what to say; you sound uncomfortable, so they start to feel uncomfortable as well. Speak slowly enough that you can collect your thoughts before moving ahead. If you really do not know what to say, pause silently until you do.

42. 10. Relax . It is hard to relax when you are nervous, but your audience will be much more comfortable if you are too.

43. 11. Breathe . It is fine to be nervous. In fact, you should be all good presenters are nervous every time they are in front of an audience. The most effective way to keep your nerves in check aside from a lot of practice before hand is to remember to breathe deeply throughout your presentation.

44. 12. Acknowledge the people who supported your research . Be sure to thank the people who made your research possible, including your mentor, research team, collaborators, and other sources of funding and support.