PRESENddddddddTATION WORLD RELIGION.pptx

education

1. 4 pics 1 word

2. Content Standards: a. Founder: Jesus Christ (c. 7 BC30 A.D.) b. Sacred texts: Bible (Old Testament and New Testament) c. Doctrines: Trinity, Virgin Birth, Deity of Christ, Resurrection, Last Judgment d: God: Trinity (Father, Son and Holy Spirit) e. Sects: Roman Catholic, Greek/Eastern Orthodox, Protestantism, etc. f. Issues: Ecumenism, Sexuality issues (e.g., contraception, homosexuality, ordination of women)

3. Direction: Read each item carefully and use your notebook to write your answers. Read and analyze each sentence. Write T if the statement is TRUE and write F if the statement is FALSE.

4. _________1. Christianity is a monotheistic religion. _________2. Old Testament is composed of 27 books written around 50 to 100 C.E. and is composed of two sections: The Gospels which tell the story of Jesus (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John); and the letters (or Epistles), written by various Christian leaders to serve as guide to the early Christian communities. _________3. Jesus Christ was a first-century Jewish preacher and religious leader. _________4. Christians believe in the Holy Trinity, which means that God is composed of three persons: God the Father, the Son (Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit. _________5. The core teaching of Christianity is the love of oneself.

5. _________ 6. Monotheism is the belief in one god who is more powerful than the rest. _________ 7. The biblical account of creation is commonly and naturally taught alongside the theory of evolution. _________ 8. Christianity is the largest of the world’s religions. _________ 9. Islam, Judaism and Christianity all have their roots in the middle east. _________ 10. The New Testament focuses on the life of Jesus and the spread of early Christianity.

6. In the previous module, you have been introduced to the elements of Judaism such as its core teachings, principal beliefs, practices and selected issues. Prior to taking up the new lesson in this module, let us first review your learning by completing the missing information in the concept map below. Choose your answers inside the word bank.

7. a. Jesus as the Founder of Christianity

8. Jesus Christ (c. 4 BC – c. AD 30 / 33), also referred to as Jesus of Nazareth and Jesus Christ, was a first-century Jewish preacher and religious leader.

9. He is the central figure of Christianity and is widely described as the most influential person in history. Most Christians believe he is the incarnation of God the Son and the awaited Messiah (Christ) prophesied in the Old Testament.

10. Jesus was a Galilean Jew who was baptized by John the Baptist and began his ministry. He preached orally and was often referred to as "rabbi".

11. rabbi , (Hebrew: “my teacher” or “my master”) in Judaism, a person qualified by academic studies of the Hebrew Bible and the Talmud to act as spiritual leader and religious teacher of a Jewish community or congregation.

12. He also taught about the new covenant that God will bring to humanity: that of sending His begotten son to save humanity from their sins and restore the people’s relationship with Him.

13. Jesus preached that he was sent by God to fulfill this goal by dying on the cross, then resurrecting to life after three days to prove that God’s plan had succeeded.

14. Jesus was seen by his followers to be the Messiah they were waiting for. He was arrested and tried by the Jewish authorities, turned over to the Roman government, and crucified on the order of Pontius Pilate, the Roman prefect.

15. b. Sacred texts: Bible (Old Testament and New Testament)

16. Old Testament

17. also called the Hebrew Bible is composed of 39 books which are arranged in three parts The first five books (Genesis to Deuteronomy) are considered “The Law” or Torah which may refer to guidance or instruction. Later these books were called the Pentateuch, which were attributed to Moses. the second part of the Old Testament is called “The Prophets” which is divided into two parts, the earlier prophets and the latter prophets. The third part is called “The Writings,” which include Psalms (songs, prayers, and worship liturgies), Proverbs (wise sayings), Job (a drama that explores the nature of suffering), and the five scrolls ( Megiloth )

18. New Testament

19. is composed of 27 books written around 50 to 100 C.E. and is composed of two sections: the Gospels which tell the story of Jesus (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John) ; and the letters (or Epistles) Revelation is the last book of the New Testament, traditionally attributed to the apostle John, which is considered an epistle and an apocalypse

20. c. Doctrines: Trinity, Virgin Birth, Deity of Christ, Resurrection, Last Judgment, Christian Ethics and Ten Commandments

21. Beliefs/Doctrines Holy Trinity The Virgin Birth of Jesus Deity of Christ Resurrection of Jesus Last Judgement Christian Ethics

22. Beliefs/Doctrines beliefs and doctrines that serve as moral guidelines for its followers. As much as possible, Christians should follow these teachings strictly if they want to redeem God’s promise of eternal life.

23. Holy Trinity which means that God is composed of three persons: God the Father, the Son (Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit. This doctrine of the Holy Trinity was affirmed at the Council of Nicea in 25 C.E. where it was agreed upon that the Son has the same substance with the Father, therefore they are both eternal.

24. The Virgin Birth of Jesus is the doctrine that Jesus was conceived and born by his mother Mary through the power of the Holy Spirit and without a human father.

25. Deity of Christ Christians believe in one God, therefore Christianity is a monotheistic religion. God is seen as the creator and maintainer of the universe and is believed to be omnipotent (all powerful), omniscient (all-knowing), omnipresent ( allpresent ), and omnibenevolent (all-good).

26. Resurrection of Jesus The resurrection of Jesus, or anastasis , is the Christian belief that God raised Jesus on the third day after his crucifixion at Calvary as first of the dead, starting his exalted life as Christ and Lord.

27. Last Judgement judgment will begin at the house of God refers to the judgment God passes today on those who come before His throne in the last days.

28. Christian Ethics Love is the core of Christ’s teachings- love of God, and love of neighbor. Love for God is shown by being compassionate.

29. Ten Commandments

30. d. Sects: Roman Catholic, Greek/Eastern Orthodox, Protestantism, etc.

31. Roman Catholic. The term “catholic” came from the Greek kath’bolou , which means “referring to the whole, “or” related to all, and was used to denote the universal nature of the church.

32. The Orthodox Church in the Philippines In the 1900s, Greek sailors settled in Legazpi city in the island of Luzon, and established communities through intermarriage with Filipinos. These communities were largely responsible for the establishment of an Orthodox presence in the Philippines

33. Protestantism is another major branch of Christianity that emerged in the Reformation Period in the 16th century. The Reformation started in 1517 and was begun by the theologian and Catholic priest Martin Luther

34. e. Issues: Ecumenism, Sexuality issues (e.g., contraception and homosexuality)

35. Ecumenism the Catholic Church to sponsor activities and initiatives to promote mutual understanding and unity among all Christians.

36. Sexuality The Catholic Church states that homosexual orientation itself is not a sin, it is nevertheless a tendency towards the "moral evil" of homosexual sexual activity.

37. Christianity advocates that the goal of sexual union between men and women is procreation

38. thus when people use artificial contraceptives, such as condoms, birth control pills, IUDs (intrauterine contraceptive devices), and the like, they are committing a sin because they are engaging in sexual acts without procreation in mind. Instead

39. According to the Global Christianity: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World’s Christian Population (2011), 10 countries with the largest number of Christians are the following:

40. The cross is one of the most ancient human symbols, and has been used by many religions, most notably Christianity

41. The cross serves as a symbol of Jesus Christ’s victory over sins when He died on the cross for humanity’s redemption and salvation.

42. the fish symbol is as old as Christianity itself, for it was used by persecuted Christians as a secret sign when meeting other Christians.

43. Religious Leaders The Catholic Church follows a certain hierarchy based on the Canon Law of the Catholic Church. At the top of the hierarchy is the pope, considered as Peter’s successor. The hierarchy also includes the cardinals, archbishops, bishops, priests, and deacons. Each member of the hierarchy has his own function for the efficiency of the church.

44. Deity/God Christians believe in one God, therefore Christianity is a monotheistic religion

45. Holy Trinity

46. which means that God is composed of three persons: God the Father, the Son (Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit. This doctrine of the Holy Trinity was affirmed at the Council of Nicea in 25 C.E. where it was agreed upon that the Son has the same substance with the Father, therefore they are both eternal.

47. Seven Sacraments

48. Baptism Confirmation Holy Communion Confession Matrimony Holy Orders, and Anointing of the Sick.

49. Baptism is meant to remove the guilt and effects of Original Sin and welcome the baptized to the Church.

50. Confirmation is meant to complete Baptism and bring the baptized the graces of the Holy Spirit that were given the Apostles on Pentecost Sunday.

51. Holy Communion entails the reception of Christ’s body and blood which helps Christians grow in the likeness of Jesus Christ.

52. Confessions meant to reconcile Christians with God by confessing their sins

53. Matrimony comes next, with the union of a man and a woman for the purpose of procreation and mutual support. It also reflects the union of Jesus Christ with His Church.

54. The Sacrament of Holy Orders is considered the continuation of Christ’s priesthood which He passed on to His apostles.

55. Anointing of the Sick known as Extreme Unction or Last Rites, which is administered to those who are on the verge of death or are seriously ill, or about to undergo a serious operation, for physical and moral strength.

56. Islam

57. Content Standards: The learner demonstrates understanding of the elements of Islam: a. Founder: Prophet Muhammad (570-632 A.D.) b. Sacred texts: Qur’an, Hadith c. Doctrine s: Five Pillars of Islam (Shahadah-declaring there is no other god but Allah and Muhammad is His messenger, Salat-ritual prayer five times a day, Sawm fasting during Ramadan, Zakat-alms giving to the poor, and Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime) d. God: Allah e. Practitioners: Sunni, Shi’ite, Sufi f. Issues: Gender Inequality, Militant Islam, Migration

58. a. Prophet Mohammad as the Founder of Islam

59. Background of Muhammad (570-632 AD) An orphan from a poor Bedouin tribe, and influence of Judaism and Monophysite Christianity (that the divine and the human Jesus were integrated in the same body) in the Byzantine Empire. With no formal schooling, Muhammad worked as a caravan worker travelling across the Arabian Peninsula as a camel driver.

60. From 610 , at 40 , Muhammad started to receive revelations from God, which he would later recite in front of audiences. These recitations were called the Qur'an , or " Recitation ," and formed the heart of Islam.

61. In 620 Muhammad went to Yathrib . The city consisted of most Arabic clans and a minority of Jewish clans. Through blood-feuds violence in Yathrib slowly spread to almost every clan. They were quickly converted to Muhammad's new religion and the city was renamed Medina .

62. The Hijrah : Muhammad went back to Mecca and got over 75 new followers in 622 . They quietly slipped out of Mecca and went to Medina.

63. While normally translated "pilgrimage," Hijra means something like "severing ties with your relatives."

64. Mecca was the center of this religion with its Ka'ba, or " Cube ," which served as the temple for the religion. In 630 Muhammad went back to Mecca and defeated the wealthy clans there, and established Mecca as the " capital ," so to speak, of Islam, although Medina and Jerusalem also remained holy Islamic cities. He also destroyed all the icons of gods/goddesses.

65. For about twenty-three years , God revealed these messages through Muhammad who initially memorized these lines because he was illiterate.

66. Zayd ibn Thabit (c.610-c. 660 A.D) secretary of Muhammad who wrote them on leather scraps, stone pieces, ribs of palm leaves, shoulder blades of animals, and parchments ( Parrinder 1971; Hopfe 1983)

67. Zayd became one of the first converts of Muhammad to the Islam fold. Twenty years after the death of Muhammad, the Quran had officially come to the form that was disseminated throughout the centers of the Islamic world.

68. Origin of Islam: According to Secular History The origin of Islam can be traced back to 7th century Saudi Arabia. Islam is thus the youngest of the great world religions. The prophet Muhammad (circa 570-632 A.D.) introduced Islam in 610 A.D.

69. The Qur'an testifies of itself that it was given by God through the angel Gabriel to the prophet Muhammad.

70. The Honest Spirit ( Gabriel ) came down with it, to reveal it into your heart that you may be one of the warners , in a perfect Arabic tongue" (Sura 26:192-195).

71. The Origin of Islam : The "Previous Scriptures" The origin of Islam is controversial. The "previous scriptures" mentioned above are the Hebrew Torah, the Psalms of David, and the Gospels of Jesus Christ (Sura 4:163; 5:44-48).

72. The problem is that the Qur'an thoroughly contradicts the Torah, the Psalms, and the Gospels.

73. (Sura 4:157-158) the Qur'an explicitly denies Jesus Christ's crucifixion while all four Gospel accounts clearly portray Jesus Christ as crucified and resurrected.

74. 1.The term “Islam” means submission peace fortitude thankfulness

75. 2. The chapters that compose the Quran are known as Surahs b. Sunnahs c. Shari’ah d. Sufis

76. 3. The word jihad means pilgrimage b. to strive or struggle c. Fasting d. prophecy

77. 4. Which of the following is true about the Sunnah? a. It is the way of life of the prophet Muhammad. b. Muslims can learn about the Sunnah from the hadith literature. c. It is the mystical tradition of Islam d. Both a and b

78. 5. The hadith reports a. Tell about what Muhammad said and did b. Were collected by those closest to Muhammad c. Were compiled in several authoritative collections d. all of the above

79. 6. The hijra is a. The journey of the early Muslim community from Mecca to Medina b. The annual pilgrimage to Mecca c. The written reports of how Muhammad lived his life d. The term for Islamic law

80. 7. The salat is a. The five daily prayers Muslims are expected to perform b. The term for Islamic law c. The term for a chapter of the Qur’an d. The term for the Ramadan fast

81. 8. Which of the following is not one of the Five Pillars of Islam? a. Fasting during the month of Ramadan b. Jihad c. Declaration of faith d. Prayer five times daily

82. 9. During the month of Ramadan, Muslims are required to fast from dawn to dusk, which means they a. Abstain from food and drink b. Abstain from food, drink, and sex c. Abstain from eating meat d. Abstain from food, but may consume liquids

83. 10. When he received the revelation of the Qur’an, Muhammad a. Was about 40 years old b. Was already recognized as a prophet c. Was married to Aisha d. Was a teenager

84. God promised Abraham a child through whom He would fulfill this covenant ("the child of promise," Genesis 15). Abraham was at that time childless. His wife, Sarah , was barren.

85. Abraham called the name of his son who was born to him-whom Sarah bore to him Isaac." (Genesis 21:1-3) Isaac was the child of promise

86. God also promised to give the land of Canaan (Palestine) to Isaac's descendants, the land which Israel possesses today (Genesis 12:4-7; 13:12-18; 15:1-21; 17:1- 22; 21:1-14; 25:19-26; 26:1-6; 35:9-12). The problem is that the Qur'an teaches that Ishmael was the child of promise (Sura 19:54; compare Sura 37:83-109 with Genesis 22:1-19)