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Zidovudine

1. ZIDOVUDINE Akshara Shree S

2. Introduction Also known as Azidothymidine Trade name – Retrovir It is an Antiretroviral drug Class- Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors It is a deoxythymidine analog It is the first antiretroviral drug approved for treatment of HIV.

3. Mechanism of action Intracellarly Zidovudine is phosphorylated to its active 5-triphosphate metabolite Zidovudine acts by Competitive inhibition of HIV- I reverse transcriptase CRT,the enzyme that HIV uses to make a DNA copy of its RNA The RT uses Zidovudine triphosphate instead of thymidine triphosphate for making DNA and it is the Zidovudine triphosphate that interferes with the RT Zidovudine can also be incorporated into the growing viral DNA chain to cause termination.

4. Pharmacokinetics Well absorbed from gut and distributed to most body tissues and fluids Including CSF Plasma protein binding is 35 percentage Serum half-life averages 1 hr and intracellularly half-life of the phosphorylated compound is 3.3 hrs. Zidovudine is eliminated in Urine followed by glucuronidation in Liver

5. Uses Used in pregnant women to prevent passing the HIV virus to the unborn baby It is given to newborns born to mothers Infected with HIV to prevent infection in newborns Also reduces the amount of virus in the blood.

6. Adverse drug reactions Short term effects Nausea Vomiting Dysphoria Long term Anemia(Usually noticed by 6 weeks ) Leukaemia

7. thAnk YoU