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1. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Lesson 5 Reporters : Danao Bryan Denzo ella jane Donasco Nicole Lodovica Isabel

2. Occupational health is a multidisciplinary field dedicated to the promotion and maintenance of the physical, mental, and social well-being of workers in all occupations. It aims to prevent work-related injuries and illnesses while fostering a safe and healthy work environment. It goes beyond merely preventing accidents and illnesses; it focuses on creating a healthy and safe work environment that supports overall worker well-being .

3. Key aspects of occupational health 1.  Hazard Identification and Control : Systematically identifying potential hazards in the workplace, such as exposure to chemicals, physical stressors (noise, vibration, repetitive movements), biological agents (bacteria, viruses), and psychosocial factors (stress, harassment). Once identified, effective control measures are implemented to minimize or eliminate these risks. 2. Disease Prevention and Management : Occupational health professionals work to prevent work-related diseases. This include implementing strategies to reduce exposure. 3. Injury Prevention and Management : A significant focus is on preventing workplace injuries through safety training, hazard control, and the implementation of safe work practices. When injuries do occur, occupational health professionals play a crucial role in providing first aid, managing the recovery process, and facilitating a safe return to work .

4. 4. Mental Health and Well-being : Recognizing the significant impact of mental health on overall well-being, occupational health increasingly addresses workplace stress, burnout, and mental health issues. This might involve providing mental health resources, promoting work-life balance, and fostering a supportive work environment . 5. Ergonomics and Workplace Design : This focuses on designing workplaces and jobs to fit the capabilities of the workers. Ergonomic principles aim to minimize physical strain and prevent musculoskeletal disorders through appropriate workstation design, tool selection, and work practices .

5. The Importance of Occupational Health occupational health is a critical field that contributes significantly to the well-being of workers and the success of organizations. By focusing on prevention, health promotion, and safety, occupational health professionals help create workplaces where employees can thrive. Health surveillance is the continuous, systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health-related data needed for planning, implementing, and evaluating public health interventions. It involves monitoring the population’s health to identify trends, detect outbreaks, and assess the effectiveness of interventions.

6. HEALTH SURVEILLANCE AND MEDICAL SCREENING Health surveillance is the continuous, systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health-related data needed for planning, implementing, and evaluating public health interventions. It involves monitoring the population’s health to identify trends, detect outbreaks, and assess the effectiveness of interventions.
Medical screening is a systematic process of testing or evaluating individuals to detect diseases or health issues before symptoms appear, often focusing on populations at high risk. It aims to identify conditions early when treatment is most effective and reduce mortality rates.

7. Key Differences and Purposes 1.  Focus : Health surveillance focuses on the health of a population, while medical screening focuses on individual health.
2.  Objective : Health surveillance aims to monitor and manage public health risks, while medical screening aims to detect diseases early for better treatment outcomes.
3.  Data Collection : Health surveillance involves collecting and analyzing health data from various sources, while medical screening involves testing individuals for specific diseases.

8. Medical Screening Early Detection : Identifies diseases like cancer, diabetes, and heart disease before symptoms appear. Eligibility Assessment : Determines if individuals meet medical requirements for specific services. Workplace Risk Identification : Checks for health effects from workplace exposures.

9. OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES Occupational diseases are illnesses caused by workplace exposure to hazardous substances or conditions, which develop gradually over time through repeated exposure. While they may not always be immediately fatal, they contribute to numerous deaths each year. Unlike injuries, occupational diseases are often more challenging to track because their symptoms may take a long time to manifest.

10. Common types of occupational diseases 1.  Respiratory Diseases : These are among the most common occupational illnesses, resulting from inhaling dust, fumes, gases, or vapors. Examples include:
- Silicosis : Caused by inhaling silica dust, typically found in mining, quarrying, and construction.
- Asbestosis : Caused by inhaling asbestos fibers, prevalent in construction, shipbuilding, and manufacturing.
- Coal Workers ’ Pneumoconiosis ( Black Lung ): Caused by inhaling coal dust, affecting coal miners.
- Byssinosis ( Brown Lung ): Caused by inhaling cotton dust, affecting textile workers.
- Occupational Asthma : Triggered by exposure to various substances in the workplace, such as chemicals, dusts, or biological agents.

11. 2.  Skin Diseases : Workplace substances can irritate or damage the skin, leading to conditions such as contact dermatitis and occupational acne.
3.  Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs): These disorders affect muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves, and joints, often resulting from repetitive movements, awkward postures, forceful exertions, and vibration. Examples include carpal tunnel syndrome, tendinitis, and back pain.
4.  Hearing Loss : Prolonged exposure to loud noise can lead to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), a significant problem in many industries, including manufacturing, construction, and entertainment.

12. 5.  Cancers : Exposure to certain chemicals, such as asbestos and benzene, and certain types of radiation can significantly increase the risk of various cancers.
6.  Infectious Diseases : Healthcare workers, laboratory personnel, and agricultural workers are at risk of contracting various infectious diseases (e.g., hepatitis B and C, tuberculosis, anthrax).
7.  Poisoning : Exposure to toxins like lead and mercury can cause poisoning and organ damage. Lead poisoning is common in industries like battery manufacturing and construction. 9.  Mental Health Disorders : Workplace stress, harassment, and violence can contribute to anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). 10.  Heat-Related Illnesses : Working in high-temperature environments can lead to heat exhaustion or heat stroke.

13. Mental health and stress management Stress management refers to techniques and coping strategies to reduce or eliminate mental or physical stress. Stress management provides ways to manage anxiety and maintain overall well-being. It involves using various techniques and coping strategies to improve the way you react to stressful things in your life and build resilience .
Mental health includes our emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It affects how we think, feel, and act as we cope with life. Mental health is important at every stage of life, from childhood and adolescence through adulthood and aging .

14. Techniques for stress management Self-care : Taking care of yourself is essential for managing stress. Engage in activities that bring you joy and relaxation, such as listening to music, practicing hobbies, or spending time in nature . Seek support : Building a support system can help alleviate stress. Talk to trusted friends, family members, or a supportive adult about how you are feeling . Practice relaxation : Focus on the present moment without worry or distraction. Try deep breathing exercises, or simply take a few moments each day to reflect and appreciate the present moment . Be proactive : Manage your time and plan for the things you can. Control what you can by being proactive and prepared . Exercise regularly : Daily exercise produces stress-relieving hormones that improve your physical and mental health . Eat healthily : Eating healthy foods reduces stress triggers and stabilizes your mood . Improve sleep habits : Turn off electronics, create a soothing environment, and unwind with a book or warm bath to sleep better .

15. Fatigue management Fatigue management involves strategies to minimize the impact of fatigue on safety, health, and performance. Fatigue, characterized by extreme tiredness that significantly impacts daily activities, differs from ordinary tiredness because it persists despite rest or sleep. It often includes symptoms like difficulty concentrating, low energy, muscle pain, and emotional changes .

16. Key components of fatigue 1.  Comprehensive Policies : Clear policies addressing work hours, rest periods, and workload distribution are essential.
2.  Training and Education : Providing training to recognize fatigue symptoms and implement effective coping strategies is crucial. 3.  Technology Solutions : Utilizing technology to monitor fatigue levels and optimize work schedules can enhance management efforts.
4.  Environmental Factors : Creating a conducive environment for rest and recovery, including comfortable sleeping quarters and noise reduction measures, supports effective fatigue management.
5.  Psychological Support : Offering access to mental health resources and support services to address stress and burnout is important.
6.  Work-Life Balance : Promoting a healthy work-life balance to prevent chronic fatigue and burnout is necessary.
7.  Regular Monitoring : Conducting regular audits and assessments to evaluate the effectiveness of fatigue management strategies ensures continuous improvement.

17. Strategies for Managing Fatigue - Lifestyle Adjustments: Aim for 7–9 hours of sleep daily, avoid caffeine and electronics before bed, and stay hydrated. Eating iron-rich foods and managing stress through exercise or meditation can also help . - Medical Intervention: Doctors may prescribe supplements, antidepressants, or thyroid medication, depending on the cause. Lab tests can help diagnose deficiencies or infections

18. KAMSAMIDA FOR LISTENING 😍💖 (Thank you) Verse of the day: Jeremiah 29:11 God has handled What your worrying about.