presentation about PLCC ITS - 7th sem.pptx

basically this presentation about training in plcc

1. Industrial Training On PLCC Submitted By: Rahul Kumar Paliwal ( 21 EC26) Submitted To: The Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Engineering College Ajmer

2. DECLARATION I, Rahul Kumar Paliwal , hereby declare that this internship presentation entitled “Industrial Training On PLCC” at RRVPNL, Madar , Ajmer . This presentation is the record of authentic work carried out by me during the period from 3 rd June 2024 to 25 th July 2024 at RRVPNL Madar Ajmer under the supervision of my training incharge Mr. Rajveer Jodhawat , Junior Engineer (Comm.) . I also declare that this internship work is towards the partial fulfillment of the university regulations for the award of degree of bachelors of technology by Bikaner technical university, Bikaner. I declare that the work presented for assessment in this summer internship. This presentation is my own, it has not previously been presented for another assessment and my debts (for words, data, arguments and ideas) have been appropriately acknowledged. I declare that the work conforms to the guidelines for presentation and style set out in the relevant documentation.

3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The presentation on “ Industrial Training On PLCC ” is outcome of guidance, moral support and devotion bestowed on us throughout our work. For this, we acknowledge and express our profound sense of gratitude and thanks to everybody who have been a source of inspiration during the period of internship at RRVPNL Madar , Ajmer . We would like to express our sincere thanks to Mr. Rajveer Jodhawat ( J.En ), M r . P.P Dangi ( A.En ), Mr. C.R Chaudhary , Vishram Sir . We also thankful to Dr. Anurag Garg (HOD, ECE) and Dr. Ankur Pareek (Head, TPO) Engineering College, Ajmer. Last but not the least, we would like to thank all the other whose timely help and support was needed for the successful completion of the training.

4. COMPANY PROFILE Rajasthan Rajya Vidhyut Prasaran Nigam Limited (RRVPNL) is a vital part of the Rajasthan power sector, established by the Government of Rajasthan in 2000 as the successor to the Rajasthan State Electricity Board (RSEB). . Its primary objective is to ensure the efficient transmission of electrical power within the state . RRVPNL manages high-voltage power transmission from generating stations to distribution networks, ensuring system reliability. The company plays a key role in maintaining a stable power supply and upholding energy efficiency across Rajasthan, contributing significantly to the state's infrastructure development.

5. COMPANY PROFILE Responsibilities : RRVPNL is responsible for operating a comprehensive transmission network, including 400 kV, 220 kV, 132 kV, and 33 kV power lines. The company also manages substations strategically located across Rajasthan, ensuring a balanced load and uninterrupted power distribution . With a future-oriented vision, RRVPNL is focused on expanding its transmission network to support sustainable growth and energy security. Additionally, the company is committed to providing cost-effective and environmentally friendly power transmission services, aiming to minimize environmental impacts while ensuring energy efficiency.

6. CERTIFICATE

7. CONTENT Basics of Generation and Distribution Substation Equipments Of Substation PLCC PLCC System Overview Components Of PLCC - Line Trap - Line Trap Mounting Options - CVT - LMU - EPAX PLCC Cabinet PLCC Tx /Rx Block Modes of Coupling to Power Line (A) Phase to Ground Coupling (B) Phase to Phase Coupling Batteries Maintenance and Fault Tracing Procedure Advantages & Disadvantages of PLCC Application Of PLCC Conclusion Reference

8. Basics of Generation and Distribution

9. SUBSTATION A  substation  is a high-voltage electric system facility. It is used to switch generators, equipment, and circuits or lines in and out of a system. It also is used to change AC voltages from one level to another, and/or change alternating current to direct current or direct current to alternating current.

10. Equipments Of Substation 1. Primary power lines 2. Ground wire 3. Overhead lines 4. CVT 5. Isolator 6. Circuit breaker 7. Current transformer 8. Lightning arrester 9. Main transformer 10. Control building 11. Security fence 12. Secondary power lines

11. PLCC Power Line Carrier Communication (PLCC) is a technology that uses existing power lines to transmit communication signals, such as voice and data, without the need for additional cabling . PLCC operates by modulating high-frequency signals onto power lines, making it a cost-effective and reliable communication method for power systems. PLCC is mainly used for telemetry and telecontrol in Substations. In India, the Power Signal Frequency is 50 Hz & the Carrier Signal Frequency ranges from 4 0 kHz to 500 kHz .

12. PLCC System Overview This diagram illustrates a PLCC Network between two substations (Station A and Station B). The Line Traps block high-frequency communication signals from entering the substation equipment. The Coupling Capacitors allow high-frequency carrier signals to pass onto the power line. The Line Tuner matches the impedance of the transmission line and protects the communication equipment. Tx (Transmitter) and Rx (Receiver) facilitate the signal exchange, while Protective Relays provide fault detection and system protection, ensuring smooth communication across the transmission line.

13. Components of PLCC A Line Trap is used in PLCC systems to block high-frequency carrier signals (40-500 kHz) while allowing low-frequency power signals (50-60 Hz) to pass through . It is connected in series with transmission lines and helps isolate the communication signals from the power system, ensuring that carrier signals do not enter power stations, which could cause interference or loss of communication data. Line Trap :

14. Components of PLCC Line Trap Mounting Options : Vertical Pedestal Horizontal Pedestal Suspension

15. Components of PLCC Capacitor Voltage Transformer (CVT) : In PLCC system, a Capacitor Voltage Transformer (CVT) includes a coupling capacitor that allows high-frequency carrier signals to be injected onto the power line for communication between substations. In the absence of coupling capacitor , high voltage signal will enter the PLCC panel and destroys electronic circuitry .

16. Components of PLCC Line Matching Unit (LMU ) : M atches the output impedance of PLCC equipment with the impedance of transmission line for maximum power transfer. Prevents dangerous potential on PLCC connection. It is Connected in series with coupling capacitor.

17. Components of PLCC EPAX : EPAX stands for “ Electronic Private Automatic Exchange ” It is a digital private exchange system that operates automatically, Used to route voice communication in PLCC systems . Power Supply Card: Provides necessary voltage for the system. Central Processing Card: Manages call processing and fault detection. Digital Switch Card: Handles voice switching and tone generation. Line Interface Circuit (LIC): Connects analog phones, processes calls, and transmits speech. E & M Trunk Card: Facilitates inter-exchange communication. Digital Optional Card: Supports conferencing, DTMF signals, and paging.

18. PLCC Cabinet It is installed in control room. It has two sections: Transmitter Receiver

19. PLCC Transmitter/Receiver Block Transmitter Block Receiver Block

20. Modes of Coupling to Power Line A) Phase to Ground C oupling - In this type of coupling-out of three lines only one has wave traps and coupling capacitors for carrier communication. Remaining two line conductors, though not directly connected to line carry a portion of induced carrier energy which is lost.

21. Modes of Coupling to Power Line B ) Phase to Phase Coupling - In this type of coupling-out of three lines, we use two lines for communication and It works in full duplex mode. In this coupling is that if one line system is damaged then communication will take place by another line and ground.

22. Batteries PLCC work on rectified AC or main supply, when supply goes off, we make use of a device for proper functioning of PLCC called battery charger. This is the device that provide supply to the PLCC equipment for uninterrupted working . It provide DC to the panel by battery.

23. Maintenance and Fault Tracing Procedure Check Connections: Ensure all connections are secure. Control circuit boards must be firmly seated in their sockets before powering on the battery charger . Inspect Mounting: Verify that all bolts and screws are tightened to prevent vibrations . Monthly Maintenance: Turn off the charger monthly to check connections and mountings . Connection Order: Connect the battery terminal first, followed by the AC input . Refer to Manuals: Always consult the instruction manual and drawings to prevent errors.

24. Advantages and Disadvantages of PLCC Advantages No separate wires are needed for communication purpose. Both communication and power transfer can be possible on same circuit . Power lines provides the shortest and strongest route between the power station . Increased reliability, Lower attenuation, Lower cost . Power line protection and Fault indicator. Disadvantages High signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) affects communication quality . Interference from other lines and reflection losses increase signal attenuation . Power-line networks are often mismatched, causing further attenuation, and lack security . Power line communication has limited bandwidth, making it less suitable for high-speed data transmission compared to other communication methods

25. PLCC unit provide five type of operation : VOICE COMMUNICATION REMOTE CONTROL EMERGENCY CALL TELEPROTECTION SUPERVISION & ALARMS Applications

26. I have gained a wonderful experience and practical knowledge in this training period. Although the time period provided was very short for allotted task. Yet I wanted to do many things in detail. After doing this training I got sufficient confidence for doing such type works for industrial applications. I also learnt the importance of PLCC in power system, without PLCC a large power system cannot be assumed. For communication purpose between the power systems, PLCC plays a vital role. For better reliability between interconnected systems PLCC is must. Conclusion

27. Google.com Youtube.com Wikipedia.com Scholars.co.in Sarthaks.study.co.in Electronicsforyou.com Simplifies.com R.R.V.P.N.L reports and files REFERENCES

28. Thank You