presentation for 1st year ESL student.pptx

presentation for 1st year ESL student.pptx

1. 1) Luiza Vasilyan 2)Mane Gorginyan 3) Artyom Durinyan 4) Anushik Harutyunyan 5)Roman Kirakosyan

2. PROJECT WORK ENGLISH 12 PARTS OF SPEECH

3. A noun is a word that names something, such as a person, place, thing, or idea. In a sentence, nouns can play the role of subject, direct object, indirect object, subject complement, object complement, appositive, or modifier. Noun

4. Singular nouns represent only one thing, but plural nouns represent more than one. If someone stands alone, we call them a person (singular), but if there's more than one person, we call them people (plural).

5. Irregular plural nouns  are nouns that do not become plural by adding  -s  or  - es , as most nouns in the English language do.

6. Verb A word used to describe an action, state, or occurrence, and forming the main part of the  predicate  of a sentence, such as  hear ,  become ,  happen .

7. We use the simple present tense when an action is happening right now, or when it happens regularly (or unceasingly, which is why it's sometimes called present indefinite). Depending on the person, the simple present tense is formed by using the root form or by adding s or es to the end.

8. The simple past tense, sometimes called the preterite , is used to talk about a completed action in a time before now. The simple past is the basic form of past tense in English . 

9. The simple future tense is used to refer to actions or states that begin and end in the future. These events have not happened yet, but will happen sometime in the future: I will meet her at the mall. The monkeys will eat any bananas that their handlers give them.

10. The  present perfect  is formed from the present tense of the verb  have  and the  past participle   of a verb. We use the present perfect: for something that  started in the past  and  continues in the present : They 've been married  for nearly fifty years. She  has lived  in Liverpool all her life. when we are talking about our  experience up to the present : I 've seen  that film before. I 've played  the guitar ever since I was a teenager. He  has written  three books and he is working on another one. We often use the adverb   ever   to talk about experience up to the present: My last birthday was the worst day I  have ever had . and we use   never   for the  negative form : Have  you  ever met  George? Yes, but I 've never met  his wife.

11. The past perfect is made from the verb had and the past participle of a verb: I had finished the work. She had gone.

12. The  present continuous  verb tense indicates that an action or condition is happening now, frequently, and may continue into the future. The Present Continuous Formula:  to be [am, is, are] + verb [present participle] Aunt Christine  is warming  up the car while Scott is looking for his new leather coat. They  are eating  at Scott’s favorite restaurant today, Polly’s Pancake Diner.

13. The past continuous tense shows a continuous action that began in the past. It is the past tense version of the present continuous, which also describes ongoing actions. The present and past continuous are very similar, but the past continuous uses was and were, the past tense of to be.

14. The future continuous tense is a verb tense that shows an action happening over a period of time in the future. “I will be dancing all night” is an example of the future continuous tense, as it indicates an action continuing over a specific future period of time.

15. Regular and Irregular verbs There are two kinds of verbs:regular and irregular. Regular verbs are verbs whose simple past and past participle are formed by adding the suffix “- ed ” (e.g., “walked”). Irregular verbs are verbs that form their simple past and past participles in some way other than by adding the suffix “- ed ” (e.g., “sat”).

16. An irregular verb is defined as “a verb that does not follow the usual rules of grammar. For example, 'eat' is an irregular verb because its past tense is 'ate' and its past participle is 'eaten', not ' eated ',” according to the Macmillan Dictionary.

17. Each of the English personal pronouns shows us the grammatical person, gender, number, and case of the noun it replaces. I, you, he, she, it, we, they, me, him, her, us, and them are all personal pronouns. Pronoun

18. What is a possessive pronoun? A possessive pronoun is a pronoun used to indicate indicate ownership (e.g., “This hat is mine”). 

19. A relative pronoun is a pronoun that's used to introduce a relative clause. The main English relative pronouns are which, that, who, and whom. These words can also function as other parts of speech—they aren't exclusively used as relative pronouns.

20. Reflexive pronouns are words like myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves and themselves. They refer back to a person or thing. We often use reflexive pronouns when the subject and the object of a verb are the same. I cut myself when I was making dinner last night.

21. A demonstrative pronoun is a word used to stand in for a noun. They are used to point to something or someone specific (e.g., “this is my sister”). The English demonstrative pronouns are this, that, these, and those.

22. Adjective An adjective is a part of speech that modifies a noun or pronoun. Adjectives usually tell what kind, how many, or which about nouns or pronouns.

23. The three degrees of adjectives are positive, comparative and superlative. The comparative and superlative degrees are used to compare between two or more subjects or objects. …

24. The degree of adjectives in sentences can be used in three ways to compare things or a subject's qualities: positive for no comparison, comparative for two things, and superlative for more than two things or nouns.

25. Irregular Adjectives A small number of adjectives are irregular in the way they make comparative and superlative forms. The normal (regular) way to make comparative and superlative adjectives is to add  - er /- est  or use  more/most , like this : big → bigger → biggest expensive → more expensive → most expensive Irregular adjectives use completely different forms. Note, however, that some adjectives can be both regular and irregular, sometimes with a slight change in meaning. The most important irregular adjectives are listed in the table below. adjective comparative superlative example sentence good better the best irregular Tara is the best athlete in the school. well  (healthy) better the best He is still in hospital, but he is better than he was last week. bad worse the worst irregular You are the worst driver I have ever known. far further the furthest irregular My house is the furthest one. farther the farthest regular My house is the farther one. old  (people in a family) elder the eldest irregular Ram is my elder brother. old  (general use) older the oldest regular Your teacher is older than my teacher.

26. Conjunction Conjunctions are parts of speech that connect words, phrases, clauses, or sentences. There are three kinds of conjunctions: coordinating, paired, and subordinating.

27. A dverb An adverb is a part of speech that modifies a another adverb, a verb, or an adjective. It is often recognized by the suffix - ly at the end of it.

28. Here is a useful irregular adverbs list which does not follow the normal rule.

29. An interjection is a word or phrase used to express a feeling or to request or demand something. While interjections are a part of speech, they are not grammatically connected to other parts of a sentence. Interjection

30. Preposition - A preposition is a word or group of words used before a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase to show direction, time, place, location, spatial relationships, or to introduce an object. Some examples of prepositions are words like "in," "at," "on," "of," and "to." Preposition

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