Presentation on motivation

ppt on motivation

1. Definition Of Motivation  Motivation : The act or process of stimulating to action, providing an incentive or motive, especially for an act.

2. Motivation: The word motivation has been derived from the word ‘motive’ which means any idea, need or emotion that prompts man into action. The core of management –by R ensis Likert . Motivation is important function which every manger performs for actuating the people to work for accomplishment of objectives of the organization. Higher motivation leads to job satisfaction of the workers which can reduce absenteeism, turnover, and labour unrest. Motivation will foster team spirit among the workers and increase their loyalty to the work group.

3. Significance of motivation Workers will tend to be efficient as possible by improving upon their skills and knowledge. The rate of labour turnover and absenteeism among the workers will be low. There will be good human relations in organization. The number of complaints and grievances will come down. There will be increase in quantity and quality of products.

4. Motivational cycle Instrumental Goal Relief Need, Drive

5. Needs, Incentives and Motives Need tension search behaviour performance reward need satisfaction The need has to be activated which is the function of incentives. Incentives is something which tends to incite towards some goal. A need mean some internal state that makes certain outcomes attractive. Incentives means an outward stimuli for the motive to work. when a motive is present in a person, it becomes active when there is some incentives.

6. Theories of Motivation Needs theories Maslow’s hierarchy of needs Herzberg’s two factor theory Process theories Expectancy Theory Goal Setting Theory

7. Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs Self - Actualization Esteem needs Belongingness & love needs Safety needs Physiological needs:

8. Physiological needs Hunger, thirst etc., Safety needs To feel secure & safe, out of danger Belongingness & love needs Affiliate with others, be accepted & belong Esteem needs To achieve, be component, gain approval and belong Self-actualization needs Self fulfillment & realize one’s potential

9. Self Esteem Social Safety Physiological If we fulfill our needs at one level, then we can focus on satisfying the need on the next higher level

10. Dissatisfaction and demotivation Not dissatisfied but not motivated Positive satisfaction and motivation Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory Hygiene Factors Motivational Factors Company policies Quality of supervision Relations with others Personal life Rate of pay Job security Working conditions Achievement Career advancement Personal growth Job interest Recognition Responsibility

11. Contrasting Views of Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction Satisfaction Dissatisfaction Traditional view Satisfaction No satisfaction Herzberg's view No dissatisfaction Dissatisfaction Hygiene Factors Motivators

12. Needs Theories Maslow Herzberg Hygiene Motivators Factors Social Safety Physiological Self-Actualisation Esteem

13. Maslow Model Vs Herzberg Model Basis Maslow Herzberg Hierarchy of needs Sequential arrangement No hierarchical arrangement Nature Prescriptive model Descriptive model Central theme Unsatisfied need energize behaviour , cause performance Gratified need causes performance Motivational factor Unsatisfied need-motivator Higher order needs-motivator Applicability 1.Takes a general view of the motivational problem of all the workers 2.Lower level 1.Takes a micro view & deals with work motivational oriented problems . 2.Higher level

14. Expectancy Theory (Vroom) 3. Rewards-Personal goals relationship = Valence 1. Effort-Performance relationship = Expectancy 2. Performance-Rewards relationship = Instrumentality Individual Effort Individual Performance Personal Goals Organisational Rewards 1 2 3

15. How Expectancy Theory Works Expectancy Effort - Performance Link E=0 No matter how much effort you put in, probably not possible to memorise the text in 24 hours Instrumentality Performance - Rewards Link I=0 Your tutor does not look like someone who has £1 million Valence Rewards - Personal Goals Link V=1 There are a lot of wonderful things you could do with £1 million Your tutor offers you £1 million if you memorise the textbook by tomorrow morning. Conclusion: Though you value the reward, you will not be motivated to do this task.

16. Motivation Direction Persistence Intensity

17. Self motivation Do it now Break up the task into small steps Don’t wait for mood or inspiration Start action Solutions will follow if you try

18. Motivational strategies Find new skills Develop & train them Get feedback on their performance Expand their ability to work Rotate their work

19. Motivational techniques Leads them Real examples are quicker than advice Way to influencing people Appeal to benefits Can motivate Mutual benefits to both of you Appeal to emotions People act quickly to emotions Positive manner Sustained by repeated inputs Appeal to needs & wants basic needs satisfaction Creative expression, recognition & challenges & love Appeal to expertise Abilities enhance his self-worth Put best effort to seek approval

20. Begin with the end in mind What are your talents? What is your ultimate career goal? What can you achieve in 2 years? What are your personal goals? Thank you By:- Tanu Jaswal