Presentation_updated_ak_RAWE PPT.pptx

RAWE REPORT RAWE IS RURAL AGRICULTURAL WORK EXPERIENCE. IT IS A PART OF COURSE CALLED B.SC. (HONS.) AGRICULTURE. The Rural Agricultural Work Experience (RAWE) provides exposure to agricultural students to the natural setting of the village situations, work with the .

1. PRESENTATION ON RURAL AGRICULTURAL WORK EXPERIENCE (RAWE) (2021-22)

2. INTRODUCTION Agriculture in India is a major economic sector and it is the backbone of Indian economy. It creates plenty of employment opportunities as well. About 65% of Indian population depend directly on agriculture and it account around 15% of crop. The RAWE (Rural Agricultural Work Experience)is conducted in the 7 th semester of fourth year. The main aim of the programme is to acquaint the students with the villagers and the farming situation so that they can have practical knowledge about agriculture.

3. Rural Agricultural Work Experience Agricultural education is an important tool and technique in ensuring gradual increase in agricultural productivity and sustainability in productivity, technical feasibility, job security and equity in distribution. What is RAWE? RAWE is a programme for imparting quality, practical, and production-oriented education for agriculture degree. Rural Agricultural Work Experience has been structured considering the importance of inculcating wide dimensions of knowledge and exposure to the students as village stay programme. In India, Randhawa Committee (1992) recommended the RAWE Programme for imparting quality, practical and productive oriented education for the agriculture degree programme. In fact experiential learning is exactly what the name implies learning from work experience.

4. Importance of RAWE Programme Preparing agricultural graduates for better career in agriculture. Preparing agricultural graduates oriented education to face the challenges by acquiring knowledge and skills though hands on experience. Objectives of RAWE: Understanding the rural life by students. Opportunity for practical training. Familiarity with the socio economic situation of village. Development of communication skill in transfer of technology. Understanding of technologies followed by farmers. Preparation of production plan suitable for local situation. Development of confidence and competency for facing problematic situation and finding solution.

5. KRISHI VIGYAN KENDRA A Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) is an agricultural extension center in India. The name means “farm science center”. Founder – Mohan Singh Mehta These centers serve as the ultimate link between the Indian Council of Agricultural Research and farmers, and aim to apply agricultural research in a practical, localized setting. All KVKs fall under the jurisdiction of one of the 11 Agricultural Technology Application Research Institutes (ATARIs) throughout India. As of May 2021, there are approximately 722 KVKs throughout India. The first KVK was established in 1974 in Pondicherry. Since then, KVKs have been established in all states, and the number continues to grow. The mandate of KVK is Technology Assessment and Demonstration for its Application and Capacity Development.

6. Activities of KVK On-farm testing to identify the location specificity of agricultural technologies under various farming systems; Front-line demonstrations to establish production potentials of technologies on the farmers’ fields; Training of farmers to update their knowledge and skills in modern agricultural technologies; Training of extension personnel to orient them in the frontier areas of technology development; and Work as resource and knowledge center of agricultural technology for supporting initiatives of public, private and voluntary sector for improving the agricultural economy of the district.

7. ABOUT DISTRICT KARNAL Karnal is an agricultural-industrial district in the north-central part of Haryana. Karnal has four sub-division:- Karnal, Indri, Assandh and Gharaunda , which contain five tehsils:- Indri, Nilokheri , Karnal, Assandh and Gharaunda . The district has eight blocks: Karnal, Indri, Nilokheri , Nissing , Assandh , Gharaunda , Kunjpura and Munak . The district looks like a distorted parallelogram, with an area of 2,471 sq. km. making it the eighth largest district in Haryana.

8. District At a Glance Area: 2,520 sq. km Population: 1,505,324 Literacy Rate: 74.73% Blocks: 8 Villages: 435 Municipalities/Corporation: 7

9. CLIMATE The climate of the district is characterized by the dryness of the air with an intensely hot summer and a cold winter. With an average of 32.0 °C, June is the warmest month. January is the coldest month, with temperatures averaging 12.7 °C RAINFALL The normal annual rainfall of the district is 582mm recorded in 32 rainy days in a year . Maximum rainfall of 1404mm and minimum rainfall of 255mm were observed in the years 1998 and 1987 respectively. TYPES OF SOIL S.No . Major Types Of Soil Area ('000 ha) % Of Total Area 1 Loamy soil 155 64 2 Sandy Loam Soil 89 36

10. KRISHI VIGYAN KENDRA, NDRI, KARNAL. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (Karnal) became operational in July 1976, functioning under NDRI (ICAR) aims at the overall development of the district in agriculture and allied sectors. The Kendra has linkages with all the line departments in the district in addition to contacts with most of the Agricultural Universities and all the ICAR Institutes in the country. These linkages helps the Kendra updated on the recent technologies in agricultural and allied sectors. A successful technology would be popularized by the Kendra whereas feedback from a failure would be sent back to the research institutions for refinement. The impact of our technology dissemination activities is visible in the technology adoption rate by farmers. The Krishi Vigyan Kendra (Karnal) received best KVK award during 1994-95 period.

11. MAP OF KVK,NDRI, KARNAL

12. RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO KVK, KARNAL Instructional Farm – 35 Acres Accommodation Facilities: Kisan Bhawan- 48 Bed Dormitory S.NO. UNITS ALLOTED AREA 1 Crop and Seed Production 30 Acres 2 Horticulture 2 Acres 3 Bee-Keeping 45 Bee Colonies 4 Fish Farming 3 Acres Water Area 5 Vermicomposting 4 Beds Size 10’x 3’

13. WEEKLY ACTIVITIES The whole RAWE programme was carried out under the supervision of experienced scientists from the KVK, that stayed continuously with us during all activities related to RAWE programme to guide, supervise and monitor the work. The activities done during RAWE programme are as follows: Week 1- Plant pathology Week 2- Horticulture Week 3- Fisheries and Apiculture Week 4- Home science and Food technology Week 5- Livestock and Poultry Management

14. PLANT PATHOLOGY This week we had an interaction with Munish sir where he gave brief sessions of Plant Pathology , he taught us about diseases of rice and wheat along with their management, life cycle, disease triangle and management of their insects and pests.

15. Various Diseases of Rice and Wheat Along With Their Causal Organisms WHEAT DISEASES CAUSAL ORGANISM Rust Puccinia spp. Loose smut Ustilago tritici Karnal bunt Tilltetia indica Wheat blast Magnaporthe oryzae RICE DISEASES CAUSAL ORGANISM Bakanae disease Giberella fujikuroi Sheath blight Rhizoctonia solani Bacterial blight Xanthomonas oryzae Blast Pyricularia oryzae Black smut Ustilaginoidea virens

16. We also got to know about various varieties of wheat and rice grown in Karnal Varieties of wheat: - PBW373, PBW343, HD2380, HD2687, DBW222, DBW187 Varieties of Rice: -PR114, PB1509, PR108, PR116, PR106, PR118 Training attended during Week 1 : Dairy management training programme for 3 days i.e., August11, 2021- August13,2021 In which we first had a short introduction about dairy management and had an interaction session with various scientists present over there. Later, Mrs. Deepa told us about different dairy products obtained from farm animals and taught us How to make paneer in Home science laboratory. After this we were told about various diseases, disorders, and feed management of dairy animals by Dr, Rajkumar.

17. HORTICULTURE This week was led by Dr. Satish Kumar where he gave brief sessions of HORTICULTURE . Sir also told us about different artificial vegetation propagation methods like layering, grafting, cutting, air layering etc. and various varieties of few orchard trees.

18. Dr. Satish Kumar also taught us how to establish orchards and later we planted different varieties of guava- Lalit, Lalima , Dhawal , L49, Allhabad safeda , Sardar in the field of KVK along with Head sir and other experienced scientist. Plants varieties Guava Lalit, Lalima , Dhawal , L49, Allhabad safeda , Sardar. Pomegranate Ganesh, Mridula , Alandi Mango Albhonso (King of mangoes), Chaunsa (Bihar and UP), Langra ( Banarasi ), Pusa surya (IRAI), Pusa arunima (CISH) Lemon Kagzi lime(IARI), Balaji (Nagpur) Litchi Rose scented, Bombai S1 Amla Krishna, Kanchan, NA-6, NA-7, NA-10 Jamun CISH J-42, Narendra Jamun-6

19. ORCHARD ESTABLLISHMENT

20. During this week we also visited one of the Nursery in Padhana , Karnal and learnt How to setup a nursery of a tomato, broccoli and cauliflower.

21. FISHERIES & APICULTURE In third week we were enrolled in Fisheries Training Programme where we had an interaction with Dr. Rakesh Kumar Tonk and Mr. Arun Kumar. He explained us many concepts like- Ponds and their management. Fishes and their management. Various fish farming techniques. Later he took us to the pond site where we saw different types of ponds and their dimensions, Many indigenous and exotic fishes that were being cultured in KVK, Hatchery unit for breeding. Mr. Arun Kumar also came by and told us about breeding in fishes, their diseases and management.

22. DIFFERENT TYPES OF FISHES CULTURED IN PONDS

23. VISIT TO SUSHIL FISH SEED HATCHERY KAMALPUR RODAN, KARNAL During this week we also paid a visit to Sushil Fish Seed Hatchery , Kamalpur Rodan, Karnal . Where we learnt about the management of fishes for commercial purposes.

24. In last two days we got to know a lot about Apiculture and Bee products We also went out on the field to see the bee colony being cultured at KVK. There we saw many equipments used to handle bee culture and also got a look at the colony of Apis mellifera in which there were about 7000 to 8000 bees were present. BEE SPECIES There are four important species of honey bees as follows: - Apis dorsota : The rock bee apidae Apis Cerana indica : The Indian hive bee apidae . Apis mellifera: The European or Italian bee apidae . Apis florea : The little bee. Colony organisation and the caste system - there are three castes: queen, worker, and drone .

25. BEE PRODUCTS BEE PRODUCTS IN HONEY BEE: - Honey, Bees Wax, Bee Pollen, Bee Propolis, Royal Jelly, Bee Venom

26. DAIRY MANAGEMENT In fourth week, we were kept under the guidance of Dr. Neelam and Mrs. Deepa Mrs. Deepa taught us how to do value addition of milk so that farmer’s income can be increased. Also we made different value added products from milk like Paneer, Chena murky, Jaljeera, Pineapple sharbat, Kalakand, Flavored milk, Nariyal ki barfi, Paneer ke ladoo, Paneer ki kheer, Milk cake and Rasmalai . Dr. Neelam taught us standardization, sterilization, Homogenization of milk along with the standard protocols of FSSAI.

27. LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY MANAGEMENT These sessions were taken by Dr. Ramesh Chandra and Dr. Rajkumar in which they taught us about management and establishment of dairy farms. We learnt basic definitions which are used in Livestock and Poultry Management. Later Dr. Ramesh Chandra taught us about the following : How to pay a visit to dairy farm Establishment of a dairy farm Management of calf and pregnant animals

28. We also visited Kunjpura Goat Farm where we saw Integrated farming system in which they were keeping different breeds of goats ( bettal , barbari , black Bengal) and hens ( kadaknath , desi, brown) under the same shelter. KUNJPURA GOAT FARM VISIT

29. ACTIVITIES OTHER THAN WEEKLY SCHEDULE

30. AGRO-METEROLOGY This module was led by Mr. Yogesh where he told us how climate change plays important role in farm management and its yield. Later, we went to Automatic weather station of KVK, Karnal which is directly connected to satellite where we saw its different components which are used in weather forecasting unit. He also told us How weather forecasting plays vital role in fish management and breeding. We also learnt How to operate IMD Portal to access weather information

31. VISIT TO NDRI’s LIBRARY It was a great exposure for all of us where the library incharge showed us around and told us about the various sections of library.

32. We learnt How to OPERATE A TRACTOR of a 28-horsepower and 49-horsepower and then attached mounted sprayer to the tractor in order to spray fungicide in the rice field (to protect crop from leaf folder) Later we attached rotavator to the tractor of 28-horsepower and went to the site alongside orchard field and ploughed it.

33. We have also interviewed few farmers who trained themselves in KVK training programmes and shared their success stories after getting trained from KVK. These farmers have adopted modern and scientific technologies in the field of fish farming, bee-keeping and milk products manufacturing and other allied fields. Some of them are:-   Fish Farmer Sh. Mohinder Singh s/o Sh. Hari Singh, Village Narukheri , Distt. Karnal. Sh. Parkash Chand s/o Sh. Jagan Nath Village Daha . P.O Madhuban , Distt. Karnal It is a success story of a boy who became handicapped in two accidents and adopted fish farming to earn livelihood. Bee Keeper, Mrs. Asha Anand w/o Shri J.C. Anand of Village and P. O. Madhuban , District, Karnal. Shri Rajinder Kumar s/o Shri Om Parkash r/o V.P.O. Khera Teh . Indri. Karnal. Rest farmers are:- https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1XuGOHWKvLJE55918mM-Ot7AgSmaPEI_f/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=100893582037840752747&rtpof=true&sd=true

34. CONCLUSION RAWE is an exposure to the principles of “learning by doing” and “seeing is believing”, which provides a direction to the students to think and act on their own. It offers a direction to the students to develop their knowledge, attitude and skill to graduate out as an expert and contribute in holistic development of agriculture. This experiential system in agricultural education has a strong potential to prepare a better agricultural technocrats with high level of skill in combination with the modern out-look and management capacity. A learner-centered approach like RAWE is proved to be a significant in building the competence and confidence of agriculture graduates and developing human resources in the field of agricultural education, research and extension in the country.