Preventing stroke Awareness on Stroke Day - BSMMU-2024.pptx

Public Awareness on Stroke Day 2024.

1. Dr. Md.Ruhul Quddus Biplob MBBS, MS (Neurosurgery) Department of Neurosurgery, BSMMU

2. Aim of WSD Since 2006 it focuses- Attention on the global impact of stroke Advocate for preventive measures Better healthcare responses. Educate the public on stroke symptoms and the need for urgent care, Promote government and health system engagement, Support stroke survivors.

3. AIMS of WSD Play role in saving lives and reducing the severe impact strokes By spotlighting the causes and prevention of stroke, this day encourages people to take charge of their health, recognise risk factors, and adopt healthier lifestyles. It also serves as a reminder to prioritise rehabilitation and access to high-quality medical care for those affected.

4. Stroke is a disease that a ffects the blood vessels going to the brain Stroke happens when blood vessel going to the brain gets blocked by a clot or bursts. As a result of it part of brain doesn’t bet oxygen and blood it needs & dies It is 2 nd most common cause of death and disability But STROKE is Treatable What is stroke?

5. Types of Stroke 1. Ischemic stroke : 80 % 2. Hemorrhagic Stroke : 20%

6. “Mini stroke” or Transient ischemic attacks “TIAs” are temporary blockage of brain blood vessel In these cases stroke symptoms are present for short period If treatment is no started many patients develop permanent stroke “Mini-stroke” is an emergency and person should immediately go to stroke specialist Treatment can prevent permanent stroke from happening What is mini-stroke and why is it important?

7. Most common reason for disability Appx . 1 in 4 people die within 1 year 30%–50% do not regain functional independence 10 - 15% occur in < 40 years WHO estimates suggest that by 2050, 80% stroke cases in the world would occur in low and middle income countries e.g. Bangladesh. Why is it an emergency?

8. Why do we say “time is brain’- Every minute if stroke is untreated, the average patient loses 1.9 million neurons, 13.8 billion synapses, and 12 km (7 miles) of axonal fibers. Each hour, in which treatment fails to occur, the brain loses as many neuron as it does in almost 3.6 years of normal aging. Early treatment in first few hours can reverse stroke in many patients

9. Modifiable

10. Yes- If the blocked blood vessel can re-opened brain tissue can be saved If patient comes in first few hours (4.5 hrs), clot busting drug (t-PA) cab ne given Blood vessel can also be opened by intervention technique Neurointerventionist goes through leg blood vessel and by special devices can take out the clot to open up the blood vessel By modern treatment methods may patients recover completely after stroke IS IT POSSIBLE TO REVERSE STROKE?

11. SPECIFIC THERAPY (REPERFUSION THERAPY) Thrombolytic therapy - Intra-venous Fibrinolysis – rtPA (Time: 4.5hrs) Endovascular Intervention -Intra-arterial Fibrinolysis - Alteplase/ Urokinase (Time: 6 hrs ) -Mechanical clot disruption/extraction

12. Stent retrievers - Stent or stent-like system for clot removal

13. Brain aneurysms are weakness “ballooning” of blood vessel of brain which burst to cause bleeding in brain Nowadays most cases can be treated by minimally invasive Neurointervention technique which are safer than open surgery WHAT ARE BRAIN ANEURYSMS?

14. Join the fight against stroke. Stroke affects us all. Let’s take action, drive awareness, and push for better access to stroke treatments. ACTION

15. INDIVIDUALS • Act FAST. Learn the signs of stroke and know to take immediate action. • Share this information with family and friends. HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS • Even with limited resources, you can do something. • Follow best practices and provide evidence-based treatments.

16. Take a leadership role in stroke care by increasing access to evidence-based stroke treatment. Support the development of coordinated systems of care including specialized stroke units and stroke care teams . Funding stroke awareness campaigns. Support excellence in stroke research. Everyone must advocate together in one world voice for stroke GOVERNMENTS AND HEALTH CARE SYSTEM DECISION MAKERS

17. Rehabilitation

18. Treatments that help prevent another stroke include drugs to lower Blood pressure and cholesterol, antiplatelet therapies, anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation, surgery or stenting for selected patients with severe carotid artery narrowing. Lifestyle changes can also greatly reduce the risk of another stroke. Changes include eating well, being physically active, being tobacco-free, managing stress, and limiting alcohol consumption. TAKE HOME MESSAGE

19. Thank You