Preventive Pediatrics

Under the guidance of our HOD Asso:Professor Mrs.Deepa Danieal

2. Presented By
Mable Susan Mathew
Sukanya K.S
Under The Guidance Of
Mrs. Deepa Danieal
Associate Professor
HOD ,Pediatric Nursing
Dr.M.V.Shetty College Of Nursing
Vidyanagar,
Mangalore,Karnataka,India

3. Definition of preventive pediatrics
Classification
MCH
RCH
Breast feeding
BFHI
Weaning
ICDS
UNDERFIVE Clinic
Immunization
School health services

4. Allied child
International and national organization
Role of a nurse

5. Preventive pediatrics is defined as the
prevention of disease and promotion of
physical, mental and social wellbeing of
children with the aim of attaining a positive
health

6. Antenatal preventive pediatrics
Postnatal preventive pediatrics
Social preventive pediatrics

7. CARE OF ANTENATAL MOTHERS
ADEQUATE NUTRITION
PREVENTION OF COMMUNICABLE
DISEASES
PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY AND
BREAST FEEDING
MOTHERCRAFT TRAINING

8. PROMOTION OF BREAST FEEDING
INTRODUCTION OF COMPLEMENTARY
FEEDING IN APPROPRIATE AGE
IMMUNIZATION
PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS
GROWTH MONITORING PERIODIC HEALTH
CHECK UP

9. DEFINITION
IT IS DEFINED AS THE APPLICATION OF
PRINCIPLES OF SOCIAL MEDICINE TO
PEDIATRICS TO OBTAIN A MORE
COMPLETE UNDERSTANDING OF THE
PROBLEMS OF CHILDREN INORDER TO
PREVENT AND TREAT DISEASE AND
PROMOTE ADEQUATE GROWTH

10. Maternal and child health refers to
the promotive, preventive, curative
and rehabilitative health care for
mothers and children

11. Maternal health
Child heath
Family planning
School health
Handicapped children
Adolescents
Health care in different settings

12.  Reduction in the maternal, perinatal, infant
and child mortality and morbidity
Promotion of reproductive health
Promotion of physical and psychological
development of child and adolescents within
the family

14. REPRODUCTIVE CHILD HEALTH
Introduction
Programme is formally launched by government of
India in October 1997 as per the recommendations of
International conference on population development
at Cairo in 1994.

15. REPRODUCTIVE CHILD HEALTH
DEFINITION
RCH is defined as people have
the ability to reproduce and
regulate their fertility, women
are able to go through
pregnancy and child birth
safely, the outcome of
pregnancy is successful in
terms of maternal and infant
survival and well being;and
couples are able to have sexual
relation free of fear of
pregnancy and of contracting
disease

16. Question no:1
RCH-II STARTED IN THE YEAR
2004
2OO5
2006

18. BREASTFEEDING IS THE FEEDING OF
AN INFANT OR YOUNG CHILD WITH
BREAST MILK DIRECTLY FROM
FEMALE BREASTS RATHER THAN A
BABY BOTTLE OR CONTAINER

19.  Initiation of breast feeding within one hour
after birth.
Exclusive breastfeeding for first six months.
Continue breastfeeding upto first two years or
more

22. •Promotes bonding
•Helps in involution process
•Lower rates of breast and
ovarian cancer
•Reduces the risk of
cardiovascular disease

23. Environment friendly
Does not require
packaging,storage,transport
ationand refrigeration
Decreases the burden on
societies health care
system

24. GOOD ATTACHMENT
POOR
ATTACHMEN
T

26. Definition
Exclusive breastfeeding ids
defined as “an infant’s
consumption of human milk
with no supplementation of
any type except for vitamins,
minerals and medication

27. QUESTION NO:2
Which International Organizations Initiated BFHI
WHO AND UNICEF

28. BFHI
It is a global initiative of
WHO and UNICEF.
It was launched in 1991

29. AIMS OF BFHI
To initiate global assessment and
accreditation
To enable the mother to acquire the skills
needed for breastfeeding
To assist the mothers who are not
breastfeeding
To implement BFHI in the curriculum for
the health worker

30. 10 STEPS TO SUCCESSSFUL
BREASTFEEDING
Maintain a written
breastfeeding policy to all
health care staffs
Train all health care staffs
Inform all the pregnant
women about the benefits of
breastfeeding

31. Practice rooming in
Encourage unrestricted
breastfeeding
Give no pacifiers or artificial
nipples
Foster the establishment of
breast feeding support groups

32. Help the mother to initiate
breastfeeding within one hour
of birth
Show mothers how to
breastfeed and how to
maintain lactation
Give infants no food or drink
other than breast milk

33. Definition
Weaning or complementary feeding is the
process of gradual and progressive transfer of
the baby from the breastfeeding to usual
family diet
Weaning foods are given along with breast
feeding.

34. Introduce gradually from liquid at
starting to semisolid and solid form
Clean fresh and hygenic
Easy to prepare
Easily digestable
High in energy
Well balanced

35. 4-6 months

36. Pulses Rice Dhal



Boiled potato Bread in milk Mashed fruits

37. EGG YOLK CURD BISCUITS
CARROT CUCUMBER

38. Started in the year 1975 by
Government of India under the
Ministry Of social and women
welfare
Initiated for the welfare of the
children and for the
development of human
resources

39. OBJECTIVES
To improve the nutrition and health status of
children in the age group of 0-6 years
To lay foundations for proper
psychological ,physical and social
development of child
To reduce mortality morbidity,malnutrition
and school drop out
To achieve effective coordination of policy
and implementation among various working
departments
To enhance the capability of mother to
provide nutrition to child

40. BENEFICIARIES BENEFITS
CHILDREN <3
YEARS
SUPPLEMENTARY
NUTRITION
IMMUNIZATION HEALTH
CHECK UP
REFERRAL
SERVICES
CHILDREN AGE
GROUP 3-6
YEARS
SUPPLEMENTARY
NUTRITION
IMMUNIZATION HEALTH
CHECK UP
REFERRAL
SERVICES
NON FORMAL
PRESCHOOL
EDUCATION
ADOLESCENT
GIRLS
SUPPLEMENTARY
NUTRITION
NUTRITION AND
HEALTH
EDUCATION
PREGNANT
MOTHER
SUPPLEMENTARY
NUTRITION
IMMUNIZATION HEALTH
CHECK UP
NUTRITION
AND HEALTH
EDUCATION
NURSING
MOTHERS
SUPPLEMENTARY
NUTRITION
NUTRITION AND
HEALTH
EDUCATION
HEALTH
CHECK UP
OTHER WOMEN
OF 15-45 YEARS
NUTRITION AND
HEALTH
EDUCATION

41. Services are delivered by AWW at ICDS center
Population coverage is1000
AWW has 4 months training
Activities of every 20-25 AWW are supervised
by Mukyasevikas and supervisors are
supervised CDPO

42. Care in
illness
Growth
monitoring
Preventive
care
Family planning

43. 1.Care in illness: it is mothers felt need.70%-80% of
illnesses can be treated with trained nurses.
a.Diagnosis and treatment of acute illness, chronic
illnesses and disorders of growth and
development.
b.X ray and laboratory services
c.Referral services

44. 2.Preventive care :
a.Immunization
b.Nutritional surveillance
-sub clinical nutrition
-Food supplementation
c.Health check ups – every 3-6 months. The
child health card is maintained.
d.Oral rehydration solution for diarrhea .
The child gets 2-6 attacks in a year.
e.Family planning
f.Health education

45. 3.Growth monitoring
on growth chart also called as Road to health
card.
Every month – up to 1 year
2 monthly – up to 2 years
3 monthly – up to 5 years
The weight is plotted according to the age of
child.

47. Immunization is the process of protecting an
individual from a disease through
introduction of live or killed organisms in the
individual system

48. Age vaccines
AT BIRTH BCG,OPV-ZERO DOSE,HEP B-I
AT 6 WEEKS OPV-1,DPT-1,HEP B-2,HIB-1
AT 10 WEEKS OPV-2,DPT-2,HIB-2
AT 14 WEEKS OPV-3,DPT-3,HEP B-3,HIB-3
9 MONTHS MEASLES
18 M0NTHS OPV-4,DPT-BOOSTER-1,HIB-BOOSTER,MMR,TYPHOID,
OPV-5,DPT-BOOSTER-2
2
ND
DOSE OF MMRVACCINE GIVEN AT ANY TIME 8 WEEKS
AFTER THE FIRST DOSE
10 YEARS Tdap
HPV IN GIRLS

50. School health
services
Appraisal aspects Preventive Aspects Curative aspects

51. Appraisal aspects
These are organized activities, carried
out to assess the physical, mental,
emotional and social status of school pupils.

52. Components of
Appraisal
History
Observation
Screening tests
Examination
Laboratory investigations

53. I-Prevention and control of communicable
diseases
II- Early detection and correction of non-
communicable diseases
iii-Early identification and education of
children with special disabilities
iV-Emergency care and first aid services
Preventive Aspects

54. C- Curative aspects
School Health Program provides curative services
to school pupils.
This service is provided in
•School clinics provided by general
practitioners (GP)

• A number of affiliated hospitals or services

55. School health Education
It is the part of health education that is
given in the school and by school health
personnel.
Methods of school Health Education:
Formal health education.
Correlated or integrated health education Health.
Incidental health education

56. I- Psychosocial and emotional Environment
This includes
• School schedules,
•Duration and timing of school day,
•Amount and timing of homework……..etc.
•Healthful emotional environment: through teacher-
pupil relationship or pupils –pupils relationship
2- Physical Environment
Safe and sanitary school facilities:
Classroom ventilation, lighting, furniture……..
Play facilities …….
Garbage disposal

57. Delinquent is a child
who has committed an
offence
Juvenile means a boy
who has not attained
the age 16 years and a
girl who has not
attained the age of 18
years

59. Improvement of family life
Schooling
Social welfare

60. Also known as battered baby syndrome
It refers to the injuries sustained by a child as a
result of physical, emotional, sexual abuse
Factors predisposing
Parental
Child related
Environmental

61. Identify the abusers
Inform the referral services
Prepare the parents
Educating the children
Guidance and counselling to parents
Identify the danger signs

62. A large number of children live and
work on the streets
At risk of malnutrition,HIV
,infestations, skin diseases and
vulnerable group, drug abuse,
prostitution etc
PREVENTION
Rehabilitation by the Government and
Non Govt
 Voluntary agencies
Counseling centers
Free education
Facilitating adoption of street children
Job opportunity

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CHILD LABOUR
Child labour is work for children that harms them or
exploit them physically,mentally,morally or blocking
access to education
Causes
Poverty
Unemployment
Lack of education
Child labour act-1986
Except in the process of family based work or
recognized school based activities,children are not
permitted to work in any of the occupations
concerned

65. Started in Chicago in 1909
Deals with problems of all
childrenn or adolescents for one
or other reason, are not fully
adjusted to their environment
Objective
Prevent from becoming
neurotics and psychotics
Services
Psychotherapy
Play therapy
Counseling
Reconstruction of parental
attitudes
Change in the physical
environment

66. Psychiatrist
Clinical psychologist
Social workers
Public health nurses
Paediatrician
Speech therapist
Occupational therapist
Neurologist

68. Introduction
A specialized non political health
agency of UN
Established On 7
th
April 1948
Head quarters at Geneva
OBJECTIVES
HEALTH FOR ALL
FUNCTIONS
Prevention and control of specific
disease.
Develop comprehensive health service
Family health services
Environmental health services
Health statistics
Biomedical research
Health literature and information
Cooperations with other organizations

69. INTRODUCTION
Established in 1946 by UN
general assembly
United nations childrens fund
OBJECTIVE
Rehabilitation of children in
ravaged countries
FUNCTIONS
Child health
Child nutrition
Family and child welfare
Formal and non fornal education

70. G
O
B
I
GROWTH MONITORING
ORAL REHYDRATION
BRAEST FEEDING
IMMUNIZATION

71. Established in 1966
Help children of poor nations
Provide education
Established in 1961 in NEW DELHI
FUNCTIONS
Immunization programmes
ORT
Family planning programme
Water supply and sanitation

72. Established in the year 1945
Functions
Early childhood literacy
Literacy training for girls, women
and handicapped
Established in the year 1945 in
North America and 1950 in India
Objective
•Until 1980’s-to provide food for
children till the age group of 6-11
years
•From mid 1980’s- to support ICDS
Health development program
Income supplementation

73. Founded in1863
Head quarters in GENEVA
 Largely confined to humanitarian
services on behalf of victims of war

74. CENTRE FOR INTERNATIONAL CHILD
HEALTH
CICH was created in 2004
Is research and teaching unit
Contribute to the improvement of
the health, nutrition and
development of children in poor
communities

75. INDIAN COUNCIL FOR CHILDREN
WELFARE
Established in the year 1952
Head quarters in Chennai
ICCW are devoted to secure the
indian children by
 initiating services for child
welfare and development
 promoting enactment of legislation
and reforms to meet the needs of
the children
a

76. A semisocial organization started by
government of India in august 1953
Initiated
 Family And Child Welfare Services in
1968
Activities in rural areas
 Teaching craft
Social education
Distribution of milk
Balwadis
Organization of play centers

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BFU-EDTSEHPGAFH Established in the year 1944
Objective
Improvement of women and
children
They established
i.Hospital diapensaries
ii.Cottage industries
iii.Training campaigns in first
aid, home nursing

78. Started in the year 1975
BENEFICIERIES
Preschool children
Pregnant and lactating mothers
PACKAGES
Supplementary nutrition
Immunization
Health checkup
Nutrition and health education
Non formal education

79. Established in the year 1920
Objectives
Improvement of health
Prevention of diseases
Mitigation of suffering among people
Functions
Relief work
Milk and medical supplies
Armed forces
Maternal and child welfare services
Family planning
Blood bank and first aid

81. Provides
preventive,promotive
,curative and
rehabilitative care in
all levels of health
services
Care of sick children
comfort feeding,
bathing, safety etc

82. Deliver planned and
incidental health teaching
and informations to the
parents and significant others
Create awareness about
healthy life styles and
practices regarding child care

83. Help the parents and family
members for independent
decision making in different
situations
Problem solving approach

84. Alleviate the social problems
related to child health
Refer the child and family for
social support
Participate in social services

85. Work along with other health
team members
Maintains good interpersonal
relationships
Coordinate the nursing services
for the child

86. Organizes the care for the
successful outcome in the
pediatric care units in
hospitals, clinics and
community

87. Assist the child to obtain
best care possible from
the particular units
Advocacy ranges from
dietary care to discussion
of plan of care

88. Participates in research
projects related to child
health
Provides the basis for the
changes in the nursing
practice and care of the
children

89. It is an expanded role
Jointly practicing with the
physician or independently
Works in rural areas as
nurse mid-wives and
primary care giver

90. Protect the rights of the child
Minimizes or prevent the
harm
Promote the well being and
justice

91. Interdisciplinary approach
Collaborates with other
specialists to provide high
quality health services

92.  Establishment of
therapeutic relationship
Identifies the problrm
areas in their interaction
with the family and child

93. Monitor, anticipate, and
respond to public health
problems in population
groups
Evaluate health risk factors of
population groups
Participate in assessing and
evaluating health care
services