Problem Solving and Decision Making Handout.pdf

Problem Solving

1. PROBLEM
SOLVING
AND
DECISION
MAKING

2. Our Objective
Use appropriate problem-solving tool
and techniques to identify and resolve
the problems at work and assist in
decision making.

3. There are four basic steps in solving a problem
Step 1Step 2
Step 3Step 4
Evaluating &selecting
alternatives
Implementing solutions
Generating alternativesDefining the Problem

4. Top 5 Problem Solving Tools

5. PSDM Tool 1 -Six Step

6. PSDM Tool 2 –5W1H
Q1 -Whatis the problem?
Q2 -Whendid the problem start?
Q3 -How frequentlydoes it occur?
Q4 -Who is affectedby the problem?
Q5 -How significantis the problem?
Q6 -Wheredoes the problem happen?

7. PSDM Tool 3 –5WHY’s

8. PSDM Tool 4 –Brainstorming
Alex Faickney Osborn
Advertising Executive

9. PSDM Tool 5 –Fishbone
People
Product / Materials / Services
Method / Process /System
Machine/ Resources
Measurements
Environment

11. Decision Making Styles
•Rational
•Intuitive
•Dependent
•Avoidant
Use of thorough search and
Evaluating Alternatives
Tendency to rely
on hunches and
feelingsSearch for advice,
input and direction
from others
Avoids takes time, passes over, escalates
What is your style of Decision Making?

12. Pro’s & Con’s Method

13. "Six Thinking Hats" is a way of investigating an issue from a variety of
perspectives, but in a clear, conflict-free way.
PROCESS
BENEFITS
CAUTIONS
FACTS FEELINGS
CREATIVE

14. Behaviors to Manage Problems !!
Stop and think/plan/prepare
Ask people for their opinions
Understand what is actually happening
Calmly collect all the relevant
information about the situation
Keep everyone involved and informed
about what is happening
Warn/advise others who may be
affected with what is happening

15. Decision Making Objectives
•Understand the need to collect
information relevant to the decision to be
made
•Use simple decision-making techniques
to assist in evaluating alternative options
when problem-solving