Province 2 of nepal

socialstudies

1. Prepared by: Avash giri and Spriha Pokharel Compiled/Edited by: Bishnu Karki Province 2 of N epal

2. Context Province 2 formation T opography Government and population Infrastructure

3. Province 2 formation After the promulgation of New Constitution in 2072 BS Nepal was divided into seven provinces. This province has the huge potentiality of agricultural production and large-scale industries, it also holds a grater significance for tourism Province 2 lies in the south eastern part of Nepal, covering 8 Terai Districts in total. Province 2 a  province  in the southeastern region of N epal that was formed after the adoption of the  constitution of Nepal. It is Nepal's second most populous province ,  and smallest province by area. It borders  Province 1  to the east,  bagmati  to the north, and  India to the south. It has an area of 9,661 km 2  (3,730  sq  mi)-about 6.5% of the country's total area. It has a population of 6,158,649 as per the  census of N epal that was conducted in 2011, making it the most densely populated province of  Nepal.

4. Government and population This is the second most densely populated province with a population total of 6,158,649 and a literacy rate of 56.54%. Its capital is J anakpur but the largest city is Birgunj and has a total of 8 districts and is the smallest province by area. Chief M inister is Mohammad Lalbabu Raut (SPN). The Governor acts as the head of the province while the Chief Minister is the head of the provincial government. Maithili is the largest ethno-linguistic group in the province .   Musalmans  are the second largest group making up 11.59% of the population. Maithili is spoken as the mother tongue by 45.36% of the population in the province. Bhojpuri and  Bajjika  are spoken by majority of the population. Despite being the official language of the province  Nepali is spoken as their mother tongue by only 6.56% of the population.  Urdu,   Tharu   and   Tamang   are other languages spoken in the province by a significant minority population. [

5. Infrastructure Province No. 2 has no difficult terrains still the transportation has not been well developed in the region due to lack of investments and negligence . However Province 2 is the only province with passenger serviceable railway line in Nepal. A few other railway projects are under progress in the province no. 2. All these projects are of Nepal Railways. Government of Nepal has proposed Janakpur as a Main Station for 1024 km east-west Metro Railway project and further be extended to  India and China for connecting Nepal Railways with  Indian Railways and  China Railway for business and tourism promotion Province No. 2 has three domestic airports in use Janakpur Airport is the busiest among other domestic airport in the country . Nijgadh International Airport  in  Nijgadh  is proposed international airport.

6. Major source of income of the people A griculture (farming ): This province consist only of Terai Region of the country which is plain and fertile. So that it has high potentiality of agriculture. Foreign Employment (Remittance) Tourism: Janaki Temple, Gadhimai , Parsa National Park, etc ., the popular places lie in the province so it has high potentiality of tourism. Trade and Business: Nepal’s larges trade point Birgunj is in this province. The second International Airport is under construction, only one Railway link of Nepal right now is in this province. Because of this infrastructural condition and population density, this province has highest potentiality of trade and business.

7. Status Of Development Lowest literacy rate: just 41.9 percent of its population literate. (Statistics from 2018) High child mortality rate: with 58 in every 1,000 children dying within the age of five. Electricity and Infrastructures: About 40 percent of households in the province are still deprived of electricity while over 70 percent of households do not have a toilet. National Human Development Index: Province 2 has a score of just 0.421, the lowest among all the provinces . Infrastructures such as transportation, communication, education, health and drinking water also is in venerable condition.

8. Development Challenges of the provinces Some say that the current backwardness of the province is the result of the discrimination and ignorance of the center that it had gone through in the past . But the same trend is there at present too. Which is the great challenge. People in this province face challenges associated with poverty and fulfillment of daily basic needs which cause more illiteracy too. There’s not a lot of resources available in this region, proper development can only be observed if agriculture is properly commercialized. The leaders of this province including Madhesi Parties are more focused on their political rights and identities, rather than the development. Examples : stuck in political issues like fixing the name, capital and official language of the province, among other issues . Widespread corruption is another challenge of the province. If the government makes the best use of the available budget, development will take place in the province. The province carries a huge potential of development at a very fast pace.