Psychology Learning reinforcement, punishment, attention and memory

Learning reinforcement, punishment, attention and memory

1. Concept of Learning reinforcement 1 . Behavior . 2. Consequence 3 . Reinforcer 4. Learning Types of Reinforcement: 1. Positive Reinforcement 2 . Negative Reinforcement 3 . Extinction 4 . Punishment Theories of Learning Reinforcement: Classical Conditioning ( Ivan Pavlov ) 2 . Operant Conditioning ( B.F. Skinner ) 3 . Social Learning Theory ( Albert Bandura) Everyday Life: 1. Education : 2. Workplace : 3. Parenting :

2. Concept of Learning Punishment Key Elements:- 1. Behavior : 2. Consequence : 3. Punisher : 3. Learning : Types of Punishment : 1. Positive Punishment: 2. Negative Punishment: I mportant Considerations:- A. Ethics : - B. Effectiveness : - C. Alternatives :  3. Time-out: 4. Response Cost:

3. Attention: A Cognitive Factor Types of Attention: 1. Focused Attention: 2. Sustained Attention: 3. Selective Attention : 4. Alternating Attention: 5. Divided Attention: Cognitive Processes in Attention: A. Perception: (we perceive information) Factors Affecting Attention: 1. Age : 2. Developmental Disorders : 3. Neurological Disorders : 4. Environment : B. Memory: (Attention affects encoding C . Executive Functions: (decision-making) D. Motivation: ( interest)

4. Memory: A Cognitive Factor of Learning Types of Memory: 1. Sensory Memory: 2 . Short-Term Memory (STM): 3 . Long-Term Memory (LTM ): 4 . Working Memory: Factors Affecting Memory: 1. Attention: 2. Motivation: Learning Strategies to Improve Memory : A. Chunking : B. Mnemonics : C. Spaced repetition: D. Active recall: E. Summarization: 3. Repetition: 4 . Spacing : 5 . Interference: