Q1M1.pptx philosophy and not at philosopher

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1. Introduction to THE PHILOSOPHY of Human PERSON Wyne Aldren O. Masapol

2. Have you ever asked yourself questions like, “ Who am I ?”, “ What makes me happy ?”, “ What is my purpose in this world ?”, or “ What can I do to make the world a better place ?” If yes, then, congratulations! You are doing philosophy

3. People often misinterpret philosophy as something that is unreasonable and unresponsive to a desired meaningful questions.

4. Philosophy is a broad discipline that encompasses “ the study of all existence in this world ”

5. According to a pre-eminent Greek philosopher, Plato and a 15th-century French philosopher, Rene Descartes (also known as the father of modern philosophy), the goal of philosophy is to wonder and doubt , respectively.

6. PHILOSOPHY originated from two Latin Words: PHILO - LOVE SOPHIA - WISDOM

7. TOPIC 1

8. HOLISTIC PERSPECTIVE AND PARTIAL POINT OF VIEW

9. VOCABULARY ANALYTICAL pertains to analytical thinking that promotes a partial point of view as a process of knowing things. BIAS means being unfair. HOLISTIC is the ability to see things fully, not partially. JUDGMENT is the ability to think and come up with decisions based on the observed situation. OBJECTIVE is the state of being fair. PARTIAL is the ability to see the parts rather than the whole. PERSPECTIVE refers to a person’s thinking that shows fair and valid judgment. POINT OF VIEW pertains to a person’s thinking that shows a particular opinion about something.

10. Holistic Perspective . It considers the “bigger picture” when dealing with a particular situation or problem. According to Aristotle the whole is greater than its parts. It considers not only one perspective but all other perspectives.

11. 1. Holism . It holds the idea that a part cannot determine a whole system because the relationships or connections of parts are independent of the whole, only the whole can determine its parts. The whole can determine the structure and processes of its parts. 2. Emergentism . It asserts that “complex systems and patterns arise out of a multiplicity of relatively simple interactions”. 3. Vitalism . It posits that “the processes of life are not explicable by the laws of physics and chemistry alone and that life in some part is self-determining and is due to a vital principle distinct from physicochemical forces”

12. Partial Point of View . It considers the parts rather than the whole when dealing with a particular situation or problem. Rene Descartes supported this idea by arguing that “the world is like a machine, its pieces are like clockwork mechanisms, and that the machine could be understood by taking its pieces apart, studying them, and then putting them back together to see the larger picture”. The focus in holistic perspective is to see a single part of a situation/problem without considering the other parts related to the problem or situation.

13. 1. Reductionism . It affirms that “a complex system is nothing but the sum of its parts and that an account of it can be reduced to accounts of individual constituents”. Here, there is no such thing as a whole, but only small parts that behave or act in various ways 2. Atomism . This asserts that only atoms exist, and objects with parts like the human body, house, clouds, and the like do not exist. For instance, my behavior to do good deeds like helping the poor does not define who I am as an individual. It’s not me who does the act. That human activity is merely a product of regular movements of small parts inside my human body called cells in which this reality is accountable for, not my human body alone, not me, nor my whole being as a person

14. Why is holistic thinking more important than partial thinking ? In philosophy, you are encouraged to engage in holistic thinking than partial thinking as it creates an avenue to think, reflect, and decide on a particular situation, for instance, your friends get into a fight you have nothing to do with, what will you do? Whose side are you going to take? In the case of holistic thinking, you do not take one’s side just because he/she tells you the story without knowing the other version of the story. Therefore, you consider both sides of the story before you give pieces of advice. Thus, it is evident that in holistic thinking, you consider all aspects of a situation or problem to come up with a more valid, sound, logical and justified solution. Hence, it generates unbiased and objective judgment in a particular problem or situation.

15. In partial point of view, the tendency to look at situations is different. In the case of two friends who are fighting each other, you may take the side of someone who tells you his story without allowing yourself to know the other. This is how partial thinking operates. It does not consider all associated parts or involved circumstances. It focuses merely on one side of the story. A person doesn’t bother to look for another perspective may be because of his or her bias or prejudice. Attitude is a factor why a person tends to think partially than fully. Even a person wants to consider other side of the story because of his or her bias he or she still chooses not to think holistically as attitude affects one’s thinking and behavior. However, a partial view is considered to be part of analytical thinking because it focuses on a specific area or field. This is also evident when you study a specific field of specialization, particularly in modern science. Though it is useful, no one is encouraged to adopt this process to certain situations, problems, or reality because it is biased in its judgment, and may lead to a wrongful and illogical decision or action. In fact, partial thinking should not be used in most circumstances, especially in politics, ethics, etc. Thus, it is recommended to use holistic thinking.