Classroom Rules: When I am speaking, stay quiet and keep your eyes on me. Show respect when others are speaking—do not laugh or interrupt. Do not leave the classroom once the lesson has started. Throw your trash in the proper bin. Always be on time.
Activity 1: Recall and Match: The teacher reviews the class with the previous lesson on Newsletter, Writing Process, and Inverted pyramid. The students answer the worksheet Recall and Match. In this activity, the students review the concepts in the first column by looking for their correct terms in the second column.
After the session, the learners should be able to: 1. identify the problem and solution in each text, 2. students Appreciate the importance of problem-solution texts in addressing real-world issues; 3. construct a short paragraph using the problem-solution text structure with appropriate signal words.
Activity 1. Arrange it properly! Instructions: The teacher will divide the class into four groups and have them assemble the disarranged pictures. Afterward, each group will choose one representative to answer the corresponding questions.
1. What do these pictures show us? 2. Which of these pictures symbolize poverty? 3. How can we avoid these problems in today's situation?
Analyzing linguistic features Transition markers in problem-solution texts
Problem tells the problem(s), and sometimes why it/they exist(s);
Solution how it can be solved.
Transition Words problem is… because since this led to one possible solution is… Therefore if…. then, thus
Example of Transitional word s. 1. Problem is that many students struggle to complete their homework on time. 2. This happens because they have too many distractions, such as social media and video games.
Example of Transitional word s. 3. Since they often submit their assignments late, their grades start to decline. 4. This led to teachers becoming concerned about their academic progress.
Example of Transitional word s. 5. One possible solution is to create a structured study schedule and limit screen time during homework hours. 6. Therefore, students can focus better and complete their assignments more efficiently.
Example of Transitional word s. 7. If students set specific times for studying, then they will develop better time management skills. 8. Thus, their academic performance will improve, and they will feel less stressed about deadlines.
Signal Words: Words such as propose, solution, answer, issue, problem, problematic, remedy, prevention, and fix indicate the use of the problem-solution pattern in a passage. Example: The issue of water scarcity has become more pressing in many regions. One potential solution to this problem is the implementation of water conservation programs. Another approach to fix this problem involves the development of new water recycling technologies
Definition of Problem-Solution Structure: The problem-solution structure organizes information by presenting a problem followed by one or more solutions. It is common in essays, articles, reports, speeches, and technical writing. Example: Problem: Air pollution has reached alarming levels in urban areas. Solution: Governments should implement stricter emissions regulations and encourage the use of electric vehicles to reduce air pollution.
Discipline-Specific Words: The structure often uses specialized terminology unique to a particular field of study or discipline. These terms are technical and specific to that field. Example: Problem: Antibiotic resistance is becoming a serious global health threat. Solution: Researchers are investigating the development of new antibiotics that can target resistant bacteria, alongside exploring alternative treatments like bacteriophage therapy.
Tone: Problem-solution texts tend to have an objective, persuasive, and authoritative tone. Examples: Problem: The increasing frequency of cyberattacks on government databases poses a significant national security risk. Solution: It is essential for policymakers to adopt stricter cybersecurity measures and invest in advanced encryption technologies.
Target Audience: The audience for problem-solution texts can vary and may include decision-makers, stakeholders, the public, experts, professionals, educators, and students, depending on the writing's goals. Examples: Problem: Lack of access to quality education in rural areas. Solution: The government should invest in remote learning programs and provide subsidies for technology to make education more accessible.
Practice…… Scenario: A group of students is discussing a school-related issue and finding a solution using the problem-solution text structure. Anna : Hey, have you noticed that many students are struggling to submit their assignments on time? This has become a serious problem, and some even get lower grades because of it. Ben : Yeah, it’s really problematic. I think the main issue is that some students don’t have proper time management skills, while others don’t have access to devices at home.
Claire: That’s true! One possible solution could be setting up a study support group where students can help each other and remind one another about deadlines. David: I agree! Another remedy is to have teachers give assignment alerts a few days before the deadline. This can serve as a prevention strategy to avoid last-minute cramming. Anna: That’s a great idea! We can propose this to our student council so they can discuss it with the teachers.
Ben: Yes! If this plan works, it could really fix the problem and help students manage their workload better. Claire: Let’s write a formal letter to present our solution to the school administration. If they approve, we can start implementing the plan next month!
Answer Problems: 1. Students struggle to submit assignments on time. 2. Some students have poor time management skills. 3. Others lack access to devices at home.
Solutions: 1. Setting up a study support group where students help each other and remind one another about deadlines. 2. Teachers providing assignment alerts a few days before the deadline. 3. Proposing the plan to the student council for discussion with teachers. 4. Writing a formal letter to the school administration to seek approval for the plan.
Activity 2: Real-World Problems Discussion Instructions: The class will be divided into four groups. The teacher will draw lots to assign each group a specific issue. After receiving their issue, the students will share their thoughts with their groupmates on why these problems require solutions and how problem-solution texts can raise awareness and influence change. Their writing must include transitional words to discuss how they can contribute to solving real-world problems.
Activity 3: “Addressing real-world issues” The teacher will divide the students into four groups and assign each group a specific issue to address, such as malnutrition, corruption, rising costs of daily essentials, and climate change—problems that our country faces today. Each group will discuss their assigned issue and propose possible solutions. They will create a documentary about it, post it on social media, and tag the teacher to notify them of their work.
Criteria Description Points Creativity and Innovation Solutions are original, practical, and insightful. 10% Collaboration and Participation All group members actively contribute to the discussion. 10% Proposed Solutions Provides well-thought-out, realistic, and feasible solutions. 20% Presentation and Clarity Solutions are clearly explained and well-presented. 10% OVERALL TOTAL 50%
Activity 4: Writing a Problem-Solution Paragraph Instructions: Individually, students will be presented with a simple real-world problem, such as 'Students struggle with time management in school.' They will then construct a short paragraph (3-5 sentences) using the problem-solution text structure, ensuring they incorporate at least two signal words (e.g., 'One possible solution is…,' 'Therefore…'). Volunteers will be encouraged to share their paragraphs with the class."
Directions: Write on ½ sheet of paper. Write about what you have learned today.