Q4- SCIENCE 7- WEEK 2_LCOMPETENCY 3.pptx

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1. SCIENCE 7 fourth QUARTER LC 3 - WEEK 2 Matatag curriculum Earthquake Effects on Communities

2. Earthquake Effects on Communities CONTENT The learners learn that the damage or effects on communities depend on the magnitude of and distance from an earthquake. LEARNING STANDARD The learners will describe how the effects of earthquakes on communities depend on their Magnitude. LEARNING COMPETENCY

3. By the end of the lesson, the 80 percent of the learners will be able to: Describe the effects of earthquake. Identify the relationship between earthquake magnitude and its effects on communities. Appreciate the importance of earthquake preparedness and mitigation efforts in reducing the impacts on communities by answering the reflection of learning. OBJECTIVES

4. I. Activating Prior Knowledge Short Review Play the news about the magnitude 7.4 earthquake that happened in Surigao Del Sur last December 2, 2023. Video link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3_x4gICJOXI&t=1s I. Activating Prior Knowledge

5. I. Activating Prior Knowledge Short Review Play the news about the magnitude 7.4 earthquake that happened in Surigao Del Sur last December 2, 2023. Video link:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3_x4gICJOXI&t=1s I. Activating Prior Knowledge After watching the video clip, ask the learners the following questions: What did you observe in the video? Who among you have experienced an earthquake? What are the things that can happen during an earthquake? Are you familiar with the fault lines in the Philippines?

6. Describe the effects of earthquake. Identify the relationship between earthquake magnitude and its effects on communities. Appreciate the importance of earthquake preparedness and mitigation efforts in reducing the impacts on communities by answering the reflection of learning. B. Establishing Purpose of the Lesson 1. LESSON PURPOSE

7. B. Establishing Purpose of the Lesson 2. Unlocking Content Vocabulary: Match Type Activity EPICENTER MAGNITUDE INTENSITY The point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the focus. Earthquake magnitude is a measure of the“size ,” or amplitude, of the seismic waves generated by an earthquake source and recorded by seismographs It is a measure of the strength of shaking experienced in an earthquake. FOCUS The point within Earth where rock under stress breaks, resulting in an earthquake.

8. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding What is an Earthquake? An earthquake is a sudden and violent shaking of the ground, caused by the abrupt movement of large sections of the Earth's crust, known as tectonic plates. These plates are constantly in motion, and when they grind, collide, or pull apart, the resulting stress and pressure can cause the ground to shake violently.

9. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Earthquake Effects on Communities Earthquakes are powerful natural disasters that can have devastating effects on communities. The extent of damage depends on the earthquake's magnitude, proximity to populated areas, and the community's infrastructure and preparedness.

10. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Magnitude Scales: Richter, Moment, and Energy Richter Scale The Richter scale measures the amplitude of seismic waves recorded on a seismograph. It is a logarithmic scale, meaning that each whole number increase represents a tenfold increase in wave amplitude. Moment Magnitude Scale The moment magnitude scale (Mw) is based on the amount of energy released by the earthquake, calculated from the area of the fault rupture and the amount of slip along the fault. Energy Scale The energy scale measures the total amount of energy released by an earthquake, expressed in joules. It is a more precise measure of the energy released by an earthquake than the Richter scale.

11. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Ground Shaking: Frequency, Amplitude, and Duration Frequency The frequency of ground shaking refers to the number of vibrations per second, which can affect the type of damage to structures. Amplitude The amplitude of ground shaking is the maximum displacement of the ground during the earthquake, determining the severity of the shaking. Duration The duration of ground shaking is the length of time that the ground vibrates, which can also contribute to damage.

12. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Surface Faulting and Ground Deformation Fault Ruptures Earthquakes often cause the ground to break along existing fault lines, resulting in visible cracks and displacement of the earth's surface. Ground Deformation Ground deformation can also occur during earthquakes, leading to changes in elevation and the shape of the land.

13. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Liquefaction and Soil Failures 1 Liquefaction Liquefaction occurs when saturated, loose soil loses its strength and behaves like a fluid under the pressure of seismic waves. 2 Soil Failures Soil failures can occur as a result of liquefaction or other ground shaking, leading to landslides, slope instability, and damage to foundations.

14. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Landslides and Slope Instability 1 Slope Failure 2 Landslides Earthquakes can destabilize slopes, leading to landslides, which can cause significant damage to buildings, roads, and infrastructure. 3 Rockfalls Rockfalls are also common during earthquakes, as seismic waves can dislodge rocks from cliffs and slopes, posing a danger to people and property.

15. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Tsunamis and Coastal Impacts 1 Tsunamis Tsunamis are giant waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, often triggered by undersea earthquakes. 2 Coastal Impacts Tsunamis can cause widespread damage to coastal areas, inundating land, destroying infrastructure, and causing casualties.

16. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Earthquake Resilience and Mitigation Strategies 1 Building Codes Stringent building codes help ensure that structures are designed and built to withstand seismic forces. 2 Early Warning Systems Early warning systems provide valuable time to prepare for an earthquake, potentially saving lives and reducing damage. 3 Emergency Response Plans Well-developed emergency response plans ensure coordinated and effective action during and after an earthquake.

17. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding Key Takeaways and Implications Earthquakes are a significant risk, but communities can mitigate their impact through effective planning, infrastructure investments, and education. Understanding the science behind earthquakes and their effects is crucial for building resilient communities.

18. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding C. Developing and Deepening Understanding WORKED EXAMPLE Assessing Earthquake Risk in Our Community Objective(s): At the end of the activity, you should be able to use the Fault Finder app to identify where the nearest fault system is and assess the risk of earthquakes to your local community Materials Needed: gadget with internet access, access to Fault Finder

19. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding C. Developing and Deepening Understanding WORKED EXAMPLE Assessing Earthquake Risk in Our Community Instructions: Use your gadget to access the Fault Finder app developed by DOST then fill in the table with the needed data, and answer the questions that follow. Your Location: ___________________________________________ Nearest Active Fault Trace: __________________________________ Fault Name: ______________________________________________ Segment Name: ___________________________________________ Year Mapped: ____________________________________________ Mapping Scale Used: _______________________________________ ________________________________________

20. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding C. Developing and Deepening Understanding WORKED EXAMPLE Assessing Earthquake Risk in Our Community Guide Questions: When is the most recent record of an earthquake in your community? Does your community have old buildings? Does your community have a big population in one area? Do you think your community is prepared for an earthquake? Why? Why not?

21. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding C. Developing and Deepening Understanding WORKED EXAMPLE Assessing Earthquake Risk in Our Community

22. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding C. Developing and Deepening Understanding WORKED EXAMPLE World’s Historical Earthquake To further reinforce the concepts learned, students can conduct additional research on specific earthquakes from history, including their location, date, magnitude, and significant impacts (e.g., the San Francisco earthquake of 1906, the Japan earthquake and tsunami of 2011) and analyze how tectonic plate movements contributed to these events. You may use the template below for your answer.

23. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding C. Developing and Deepening Understanding WORKED EXAMPLE

24. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding C. Developing and Deepening Understanding LESSON ACTIVITY Picture analysis. The learners will analyze the pictures and answer the processing questions. Huge boulders block a highway at Cortes township, Bohol on October 16, 2013, a day after a 7.2 magnitude quake struck The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology ( Phivolcs ) traced the epicenter of the earthquake 6 kilometers southwest of Sagbayan , Bohol.

25. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding C. Developing and Deepening Understanding LESSON ACTIVITY Picture analysis. The learners will analyze the pictures and answer the processing questions. A view of a portion of a damaged highway in Getafe, Bohol, central Philippines, on October 16, 2013

26. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding C. Developing and Deepening Understanding LESSON ACTIVITY Picture analysis. The learners will analyze the pictures and answer the processing questions. A strong undersea earthquake struck off the southern Philippines on Saturday, 29 December, 2018.

27. C. Developing and Deepening Understanding C. Developing and Deepening Understanding LESSON ACTIVITY Process Questions: What are the possible risks brought by an earthquake? Is an earthquake's magnitude connected to the amount of damage it causes in a location? Will the distance from the epicenter affect the damage that it may cause? How would the economy of the area be affected if the roads were destroyed, as seen in the picture?

28. D. MAKING GENERALIZATION Learners’ Takeaways KWL Chart: Using the graphic organizer, the students will answer the L column or what they have learned about the lesson. D. MAKING GENERALIZATION

29. D. MAKING GENERALIZATION Reflection on Learning Why is it important to know the locations of safe spaces during earthquakes in the Philippines? What are the potential consequences of not recognizing safe locations during an earthquake in the Philippines?

30. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING _________ 1. Which of the following is a key factor that determines the severity of ground shaking during an earthquake? a) Frequency of the seismic waves b) Amplitude of the seismic waves c) Duration of the ground shaking d) All of the above

31. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING _________ 2. Surface faulting during an earthquake can lead to: Damage to buildings and infrastructure Disruption of transportation routes Changes in topography and drainage patterns All of the above

32. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING _________ 3. Liquefaction is most likely to occur in soils that are: a) Loose, water-saturated sands or silts b) Dry, compacted clays c) Shallow bedrock d) None of the above

33. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING _________ 4. Which of these is a common trigger for earthquake-induced landslides? a) Ground shaking b) Surface faulting c) Soil liquefaction d) All of the above

34. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING _________ 5. Tsunamis generated by offshore earthquakes pose the greatest risk to: a) Inland communities b) Coastal communities c) Mountain communities d) Desert communities

35. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING _________6. Which of the following is a key strategy for improving earthquake resilience in communities? Strict building codes and enforcement Comprehensive disaster planning and preparedness Investing in infrastructure upgrades All of the above

36. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING _________7. The magnitude of an earthquake refers to: The frequency of the seismic waves The amplitude of the seismic waves The total energy released by the earthquake d) The duration of the ground shaking

37. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING _________8. Surface deformation during an earthquake can lead to: Damage to underground pipelines and cables b) Changes in surface water drainage c) Disruption of transportation routes d) All of the above

38. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING _________9. Soil liquefaction is most likely to occur in areas with: a) Steep slopes b) High water tables c) Shallow bedrock d) None of the above

39. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING _________10. Earthquake-triggered landslides are a particular risk for communities located: a) Near coastlines b) In mountainous regions c) On reclaimed land d) All of the above

40. E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING E. EVALUATING LEARNING d) All of the above d) All of the above a) Loose, water-saturated sands or silts d) All of the above b) Coastal communities d) All of the above c) The total energy released by the earthquake d) All of the above b) High water tables d) All of the above. ANSWERS KEY

41. Reference : SCIENCE 7 LESSON EXEMPLAR ● United States Geological Survey (USGS). (n.d.). Magnitude, intensity, and earthquake effects. In Earthquake Hazards Program. Retrieved from https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/earthq3/magnitude.html ● Gomez, J., & Gomez, J. (2018, December 29). Tsunami alert in Philippines lifted hours after undersea quake. TheQuint . https://www.thequint.com/news/world/tsunami-alert-in-philippines-lifted-hours-after-undersea-quake