Quarter-2-typhoon-lesson.pptxsilhflisfñivvañrihñoaeñ

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1. TYPHOON vs HURRICANE

2. TYPHOON vs HURRICANE The term TYPHOON is used only in the Northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean. Northeastern part of the Pacific Ocean and in the Northern part of the Atlantic Ocean , the equivalent term is HURRICANE . Thus, a hurricane on one side of the Pacific Ocean will be called a typhoon if it crosses into the other side.

3. TYPHOON Tropical Cyclones that develops in the north-western part of the Pacific Ocean. In the Philippines, tropical cyclones (typhoons) are called BAGYO . The term bagyo , a Filipino word meaning typhoon arose after a 1911 storm in the city of Baguio had a record rainfall of 46 inches within a 24-hour period..

4. Cyclone in a Bottle.

5. CLASSIFICATION OF TROPICAL CYCLONE WITH ITS CORRESPONDING WIND SPEED TROPICAL CYCLONE CATEGORY MAXIMUM SUSTAINED WINDS IN KILOMETER PER HOUR (kph) Tropical Depression (TD) Up to 61 Tropical Storm (TS) 62 to 88 Severe Tropical Storm (STS) 89 to 117 Typhoon (TY) 118 to 220 Super Typhoon (STY) Exceeding 220

6. Condition for the formation of TYPHOON

7. INTERTROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE (ITCZ) Intertropical Front , Monsoon trough , Doldrums or the Equatorial Convergence where cyclonic spin has developed. ITCZ is a trough of a low pressure created by the convergence of the northeast and southeast trade winds.

8. Note that tropical cyclones do not form near the equator due to the lack of the Coriolis effect. Also, storms tend to curve to the north and east as they interact with the westerlies.

9. The Coriolis effect is the apparent deflection of air due to the rotation of the earth. Air, rather than flowing directly from areas of high pressure to low pressure, rotate to the right of this direction in the Northern Hemisphere.

10. Storm Structure The main parts of a tropical cyclone are the rainbands , the eye , and the eyewall . Air spirals in toward the center in a counter-clockwise pattern in the norther hemisphere ( clockwise in the southern hemisphere) , and out the top in the opposite direction. In the very center of the storm, air sinks, forming an "eye" that is mostly cloud-free.

11. Storm Structure The Eye The hurricane’s/typhoon’s center is a relatively calm, generally clear area of sinking air and light winds that usually doesn't exceed 15 mph (24 kph) and is typically 20-40 miles (32-64 km) across. An eye will usually develop when the maximum sustained wind speeds go above 74 mph (119 kph) and is the calmest part of the storm

12. Storm Structure The eyewall consists of a ring of tall thunderstorms that produce heavy rains and usually the strongest winds. Changes in the structure of the eye and eyewall can cause changes in the wind speed, which is an indicator of the storm's intensity. The eye can grow or shrink in size, and double (concentric) eyewalls can form.

13. Storm Structure Rainbands Curved bands of clouds and thunderstorms that trail away from the eye wall in a spiral fashion. These bands are capable of producing heavy bursts of rain and wind, as well as tornadoes. There are sometimes gaps in between spiral rain bands where no rain or wind is found .

14. EFFECTS OF TROPICAL CYCLONE THAT CAN LEAVE A SIGNIFICANT MARK ON THE LIVES OF PEOPLE Strong winds (squalls). The surface wind increases in magnitude and is maintained over a time interval of several minutes to half an hour. The increase in wind speed may occur abruptly or slowly. These changes in near landfall can lead to loss of lives and large damage to properties Tornadoes . These are produced by tropical cyclone characterized by a violent and destructive whirling wind accompanied by a funnel-shaped cloud. A weak tornado has a wind speed of about 64-116 kph.

15. EFFECTS OF TROPICAL CYCLONE THAT CAN LEAVE A SIGNIFICANT MARK ON THE LIVES OF PEOPLE Rainfall and Flooding . Rainfall associated with tropical cyclone is both beneficial and harmful. Rains contribute to the water needs of the areas traversed by the tropical cyclone. The rains are harmful when the amount is way too large as to cause flooding. Storm surge . This is an abnormal rise of water due to tropical cyclone and it is an oceanic event. These devastating surges occur along coasts with low-lying terrain.

16. What to DO during a Typhoon (Public Storm Warning Signal) PSWS PSWS 1 PSWS 2 PSWS 3 PSWS 4 PSWS 5 1. Listen to your radio for more information about weather disturbance. 2. Check the ability of the house to withstand strong winds and strengthen it if necessary. 1. Special attention should be given to the latest position, the direction, and speed movement as the cyclone may intensify and move towards the locality. 2. The general public, especially people travelling by sea and air are cautioned to avoid unnecessary risks. 1. Keep your radio on and listen to the latest news about typhoon. 2. Everybody is advised to stay in safe and strong houses. 1. Stay in safe houses or evacuation centers 2. All travels and outdoor activities should be cancelled. 1. Stay in safe houses or evacuation centers 2. All travels and outdoor activities should be cancelled

17. PSWS 1 PSWS 2 PSWS 3 PSWS 4 PSWS 5 3. The people are advised to monitor the latest severe weather Bulletin issued by PHILIPPINE ATMOSPHERIC GEOPHYSICAL AND ASTRONOMICAL SERVICE ADMINISTRATION ( PAGASA) every six hours. In the meantime, business may be carried out as usual except when flood occurs. 3. Protect properties before signals are upgraded. 4. Board up windows or put storm shutters in place and securely fasten it. Stay at home. 3. Evacuate from low-lying areas to higher grounds. 4. Stay away from coasts and riverbanks. 5. Watch out for the passage of the "EYE" of the typhoon. 3. Keep listening to your radio to the latest news about the typhoon. What to DO during a Typhoon (Public Storm Warning Signal) PSWS