Reefer Course for the senior officers.ppt

Reefer Course for senior officers onboard.

1. REEFER REEFER
COURSE FOR COURSE FOR
SENIOR STAFF.SENIOR STAFF.

2. TRAINING SCHEDULE FOR SENIOR STAFF ON LEAVE.TRAINING SCHEDULE FOR SENIOR STAFF ON LEAVE.
OBJECTIVE:OBJECTIVE:
 To impart explicit knowledge on Reefer based systems- pertaining to
ship specific.
 To provide concepts helping to make a safer and more effective
contribution to the operation and control of the vessels Reefer Plant.
 To analyze reefer based data and evaluate reefer plant performance.
 To appreciate the need for detailed planned maintenance and carrying
out important operations.
 To share experiences amongst participants for problems and solutions
there upon.
 To familiarize with the aspect of documentation and paper work
expected.
 To enlighten with respect to the commercial and legal requirements for
reefer cargoes.

3. SCREW COMPRESSORSSCREW COMPRESSORS

4. PRINCIPLES OF A SCREW COMPRESSORPRINCIPLES OF A SCREW COMPRESSOR

5. COMPRESSOR AND RELATED EQUIPMENTCOMPRESSOR AND RELATED EQUIPMENT

6. Disch temp
Oil temp
Temp controller
Diff oil pr
High pr
Low pr
Disch pr+
oil pr
LP guage

7. AIR CIRCULATION AND HEAT EXCHANGERSAIR CIRCULATION AND HEAT EXCHANGERS

8. AIR CIRCULATIONAIR CIRCULATION

10. GRATINGS AND INSULATIONGRATINGS AND INSULATION
SIDE BOARD
GRATINGS

11. REFRIGERATED CONTAINERSREFRIGERATED CONTAINERS

12. Reefer Container – Compressor Reefer Container – Compressor
sectionsection
The compressor section the compressor (with high
pressure switch), power cable storage compartment,
(optional power transformer), the modulating solenoid
valve, suction solenoid valve, quench valve, moisture –
liquid indicator, manual liquid line valve, and filter – drier,
pressure relief valves, compressor suction sensor (CPSS)
and compressor discharge sensor (CPDS).
The supply air temperature sensor (STS), supply
recorder sensor (SRS) and ambient sensor (AMBS)

13. Reefer Container - CondensorReefer Container - Condensor
The condensing section consists of a condenser fan
motor, condenser fan, condenser saturation sensor
(CSAS), and an air-cooled condenser coil. When the unit
is operating with air –cooled condenser operation, air is
pulled in the bottom of the coil and discharges
horizontally through the center of the unit.
Some units are equipped with an optional water-
cooled condenser (condenser/receiver) and a water
pressure switch or condenser fan switch (CFS).

14. Reefer Container - EvaporatorReefer Container - Evaporator
The section contains the temperature recorder bulb,
return recorder sensor (RRS), return temperature
sensors (RTS), thermostatic expansion valve,
evaporator fan motors and fans (2), evaporator coil
and heaters, drain pan and heaters, defrost and heat
termination switches.  
Fans circulate air throughout the container by
pulling air in the top.
Some units are equipped with two-speed
evaporator fan motors.  

15. Reefer Container – Reefer Container –
Fresh air ventFresh air vent
The purpose of the vent is to
provide ventilation for
commodities that require
fresh air circulation and must
be closed when transporting
frozen foods.
Air exchange depends on
static pressure differential,
which will vary depending on
the container and how the
container is loaded.

16. Reefer Container – Fresh air Reefer Container – Fresh air
ventvent
Full Open or Closed Positions
Maximum airflow is achieved by
loosening the wing nuts and moving the
cover to the maximum open position
(100% position). The closed position is 0%
airflow position.
The operator may also adjust the
opening to increase or decrease the
airflow volume to meet the required
airflow.

20. CARGO OPERATING MANUAL REQUIREMENT.CARGO OPERATING MANUAL REQUIREMENT.
1)CARRIAGE OF REFIRGERATED CARGOES.
• General instructions.
• Carriage of bananas, citrus fruits, meat/fish and other frozen
commodities.
• Palletized cargo.
2)CARRIAGE OF REEFER CONTAINERS.
• Loading/Discharging of Containers.
• Reefer Container spares
• Ship’s log book and Refrigerated Container monitor log. Data
logging unit for Reefer plant.
• Malfunction of Containers.

21. RECIEPT AND CARRIAGE OF CARGORECIEPT AND CARRIAGE OF CARGO
• Preparation for loading.
• Taking care of the cargo.
• Pre-cooled cargo.
• Air circulation- vertical/ horizontal.
• Frozen Cargo.
• Cargo planning and Handling.
• Accessing acceptability of cargoes for safe shipment.
• Loading and unloading.
• Care when using ships cranes.
• Hatch cover operations.

22. STAL ELECTRONIC 2000- RMC PANEL
Power card
CPU board
MEM board
VDI card COM 1 & 2
ESP-
emergency
selector panel
MDL- multi drop lines
1 & 2

23. RMC- COMPRESSOR CARDS

24. COMPRESSOR MANUAL OPERATIONS
Pull out the card of the compressor to be run on ‘manual’

25. COMPRESSOR LOCAL PANEL
Main supply
switch
Local isolating switch
24V DC supply
switch
Change over the local isolating switch to ‘manual’
operations.

26. Local switch for cooling fans
Local switch for
FA fans

27. DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT CONSOLE (DIOU CONSOLE)
DIOU

29. Trouble Shooting
Loss of control power
•Circuit breaker OFF or defective
•Control transformer defective (TR)
•Fuse blown (3A or 6A)
•Start-Stop switch OFF or defective Check
•Evap. Fan motor internal protector open
•Cond. Fan motor internal protector open
•Compressor internal protector open
•High-pressure switch open

30. Compressor hums but does not start
•Low line voltageCheck
•Single phasingCheck
•Shorted or grounded motor windings
•Compressor seized
•Unit Runs But Has Insufficient Cooling
•Compressor
•Refrigeration System

31. Trouble ShootingTrouble Shooting
Unit Operates Long Or Continuously In Cooling
•Refrigeration system
–Shortage of refrigerant
–Evaporator coil covered with ice
–Evaporator coil plugged with debris
–Evaporator fan(s) rotating backwards
–Defective evaporator fan motor/capacitor
–Air bypass around evaporator coil Check

32. •Controller set too low
•Compressor service valve or liquid valves
open
•Line shutoff valve partially/ completely closed
•Dirty condenser
•Compressor worn

33. Trouble ShootingTrouble Shooting
Unit will not defrost properly
•Will not initiate defrost automatically
•Defrost timer malfunction
•Loose terminal connections
•Defective wiring
•Defrost termination or heat termination
•Switch open
•Heater contactor or coil defective: Replace

34. Trouble ShootingTrouble Shooting
Abnormal pressures
High Discharge pressure
•Condenser coil dirty
•Condenser fan rotating backwards
•Condenser fan inoperative
•Refrigerant overcharge or noncondensibles
•Quench solenoid valve malfunction
•Condenser fan switch (CFS) (If used) in position O when
water is not circulating thru water-Cooled Condenser

35. Trouble ShootingTrouble Shooting
Low suction pressure
•Suction service valve partially closed: Open
•Filter-drier partially plugged
•Low refrigerant charge
•Expansion valve defective
•No evaporator air flow or restricted air flow
•Excessive frost on evaporator coil
•Evaporator fan(s) rotating backwards

36. Trouble ShootingTrouble Shooting
Abnormal noise or vibrations
Compressor
•Loose mounting bolts:Tighten
•Worn bearings
•Worn or broken valves
•Liquid slugging
•Insufficient oil
Condenser or Evaporator fan
•Bent, loose or striking venturi Check
•Evaporator Fan Worn motor bearings
•Bent motor shaft

37. Trouble ShootingTrouble Shooting
NO EVAPORATOR AIR FLOW OR RESTRICTED AIR FLOW
Evaporator coil blocked
•Frost on coil
•Dirty coil
No or partial evap air flow
•Evap. Fan motor internal protector open
•Evaporator fan motor (s) defective
•Evaporator fan(s) loose or defective

38. Trouble ShootingTrouble Shooting
EXPANSION VALVE MALFUNCTION
•Low suction pr. With high superheat
•Low refrigerant charge
•External equalizer line plugged
•Wax, oil or dirt plugging valve or orifice
•Ice formation at valve
•Superheat too high
•Power assembly failure
•Loss of element/bulb charge
•Broken capillary/ Foreign material in valve

39. •High suction press with low superheat
•Superheat setting too low
•External equalizer line plugged
•Ice holding valve open
•Foreign material in valve

40. Trouble ShootingTrouble Shooting
Liquid slugging in Comp
•Pin and seat of expansion valve eroded or held open by
foreign material
Fluctuating suction press
•Improper bulb location or installation
•Low superheat setting