Removal Efficiency of lead from aqueous solution NZVI.pptx

Removal Efficiency

1. Removal of Hexavalent Chromium from Aqueous solutions using ZIF–8 nZVI Nano Composites Guide Mrs. Prathima B Assistant Professor Dept. of Civil Engineering Co-guide, Dr. Sainath K Assistant Professor Dept. of Chemical Engineering Presented by Apoorva V 1BM21CEE21 1

2. OVERVIEW 2 Introduction Literature Review Objectives of Study Methodology Synthesis of ZIF-8 Synthesis of nZVI/ZIF -8 Results & Discussions Conclusion References

3. INTRODUCTION Water is a basic requirement for all life on Earth. It dominates the majority of our planet's space, accounting for roughly 71% of the total surface area. The two notable water sources are surface water and ground water.[1] In 71 percent of the Earth's surface, and the oceans contain approximately 97 percent of all water on the planet. Only about 3% of it is freshwater. Groundwater accounts for 29% of available water, while glaciers cover 70%. Humans have access to only 1% of the world's water. That 1% of freshwater exists as lakes, rivers, water vapor, soil moisture.[2] 3 Figure 1: Distribution of water[2]

4. introduction Water pollution can be defined as the contamination of water bodies. Water pollution is caused when water bodies such as rivers, lakes, oceans, groundwater and aquifers get contaminated with industrial and agricultural effluents.[3] Heavy metals are metallic elements with a relatively high density in comparison to water. Common sources of human-generated heavy metal pollution include industrial processes, mining, smelting, and the use of heavy metal-containing products like batteries, paints, and pesticides.[4] Cr (VI) contamination is commonly associated with wastewater and sludge from industrial processes such as chromate manufacture, metal finishing, textile dyeing and processing, and leather tanning. [5] Figure 2: Impacts of Chromium[6] 4

5. introduction High accumulation of Cr(VI) can be a reason for significant dangers to living organisms. Chromium oxidation states are Cr(III) and Cr(VI). Cr(VI) is comparatively more toxic and carcinogenic to humans. As exhibited by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the best reasonable degree of chromium is 0.1.[7] Table 1: ISO 10500:2012 Drinking water standards 5 Serial number Heavy metals Drinking water Standards (ISO 10500:2012) (mg/L) 1 Chromium 0.05 2 Iron 0.3 3 Mercury 0.001 4 Arsenic 0.05 5 Lead 0.02 6 Cadmium 0.003 7 Nickel 0.02 8 Manganese 0.1 9 Zinc 5 10 Copper 1.0

6. 6 Sl. No. Literature Type of ZIF-8 Adsorbent Dosage Heavy metal Parameter Efficiency Characterisation 1. [8] ZIF- 8/NH2/Mg (OH)2/GO 100mg/L Hexavalent Chromium Contact time, pH, Initial concentration and Absorbent dosage. With maximum removal efficiency of 98% for Cr (VI). FTIR,SEM,XRD,BET 2. [9] ZIF - 8 200mg/L Hexavalent Chromium pH of solution, Adsorbent dosage, Contact time and Initial concentration. For the removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solution, ZIF-8 does not exhibit as excellent an adsorption capacity as other ZIF materials as ZIF-67. XRD,TGA,FTIR, NMR, UV-Vis spectra 3. [10] Cobalt and Nickel Doped Zif-8 600mg/L   Dichromate ions, Cupper ions pH, Kinetic analysis of adsorption, process, Diffusion analysis in the adsorption process. Petal-like ZIF-8 could have great potential in the application of heavy-metal absorption from wastewater after doping with Co or Ni ions. XRD,FESEM/EDS, XPS,SEM 4. [11] ZIF-8 333.33 mg/L Copper ions pH, Contact time, Temperature, Initial Concentration. The removal efficiency of Cu 2+ is up to 97.2%. TEM,FTIR,XPS, XRD,SEM-EDS Literature Review

7. objectives 7 1 2 3 4 The objectives of the study are:

8. Methodology 8 Analysis in UV VIS Spectrophotometer ZIF Framework (Nano Composites) with Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI) Synthesis of nano composite Material characterization XRD SEM FTIR EDX Batch Studies Dosage of nano composites, pH, Contact Time, Initial Concentration

9. SYNTHESIS OF ZIF-8 9 Figure 3: Pictorial representation of Synthesis of ZIF-8 ZIF-8 Synthesis

10. 10 SYNTHESIS OF n ZVI/ZIF-8 Figure 4: Pictorial representation of synthesis of nZVI/ZIF-8 and application nZVI/ZIF-8 Synthesis

11. Morphological and elemental composition of ZIF-8 11 5a 5b Element Weight % Atomic % Carbon 49.27 62.38 Nitrogen 26.23 28.48 Oxygen 4.79 4.55 Zinc 19.71 4.59 Element Weight % Atomic % Carbon 37.18 50.91 Nitrogen 20.32 23.86 Oxygen 18.66 19.18 Chromium 0.40 0.13 Zinc 23.04 5.80 Table 2: Elemental Composition of ZIF-8 before adsorption Table 3: Elemental Composition of ZIF-8 after adsorption Figure 5a: SEM image of ZIF-8 before adsorption Figure 5b: SEM image of ZIF-8 after adsorption

12. Element Weight % Atomic % Carbon 4.69 14.91 Nitrogen 0.72 1.96 Oxygen 10.99 26.22 Iron 81.33 55.58 Zinc 2.27 1.33 12 MORPHOLOGICAL AND ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF nZ VI/ZIF-8 6a Figure 6a: SEM image of ZIF-8 before adsorption Figure 6b: SEM image of ZIF-8 after adsorption 6b Table 4: Elemental Composition of nZVI/ZIF-8 before adsorption Table 5: Elemental Composition of nZVI/ZIF-8 after adsorption Element Weight % Atomic % Carbon 13.16 26.44 Nitrogen 1.28 2.20 Oxygen 32.02 48.30 Chromium 0.96 0.44 Iron 50.88 21.99 Zinc 1.71 0.63

13. 13 Ftir Characterisation of ZIF-8 and nZ VI/ZIF-8 Figure 7a: FTIR images of ZIF-8 before adsorption Figure 7b: FTIR images of ZIF-8 after adsorption Figure 7c: FTIR images of nZVI/ZIF-8 after adsorption Figure 7d: FTIR images of nZVI/ZIF-8 after adsorption

14. 14 Xrd CHARACTERISATION of ZIF-8 and nZ VI/ZIF-8 Figure 8a: XRD images of ZIF-8 before adsorption Figure 8b: XRD images of ZIF-8 after adsorption Figure 8c: XRD images of nZVI/ZIF-8 after adsorption Figure 8d: XRD images of nZVI/ZIF-8 after adsorption

15. BATCH ADSORPTION STUDIES RESULTS OF ZIF-8 15 Figure 9a: Shows effect of ZIF-8 contact time on removal efficiency of chromium Figure 9b: Shows effect of ZIF-8 dosage on removal efficiency of chromium Figure 9c: Shows effect of initial concentration on removal efficiency of chromium Figure 9d: Shows effect pH on removal efficiency of chromium

16. 16 Figure 10a: Shows effect nZVI/ZIF-8 contact time on removal efficiency of chromium BATCH ADSORPTION STUDIES RESULTS OF ZIF-8 and nZ VI/ZIF-8 Figure 10b: Shows effect of nZVI/ZIF-8 pH on removal efficiency of chromium Figure 10c: Shows effect of initial concentration on removal efficiency of chromium Figure 10d: Shows effect of nZVI/ZIF-8 dose on removal efficiency of chromium Figure 10e: Shows effect nZVI/ZIF-8 dose on removal efficiency of chromium

17. 17 COMPARISON GRAPH FOR ZIF-8 AND nZV I/ZIF-8 Figure 11a: comparison graph for effect of ZIF-8 and nZVI/ZIF-8 dose on removal efficiency Figure 11b: Comparison graph for effect of ZIF-8 and nZVI/ZIF-8 pH on removal efficiency

18. 18 ADSORPTION CAPACITY FOR ZIF-8 AND nZV I/ZIF-8 Figure 12a: Adsorption capacity of ZIF-8 Figure 12b: Adsorption capacity of nZVI/ZIF-8

19. ADSORPTION KINETICS STUDY 19     Pseudo First order   Pseudo second order    Adsorbent Conc. ppm k 1 (S -1 ) (1/min) qe(mg/g) R 2 k 2 (S -1 ) (g/mg min) qe(mg/g) R 2 ZIF-8 500mg/L -0.0061 0.463 0.5052 -0.105 1.12 0.9738 nZVI/ZIF-8 100mg/L 0.0219 1.101 0.5463 1.84x10^5 38.91 0.999 a b c d Figure 13a and b : Graph of ln(qe-qt) versus time at ZIF-8 & nZVI/ZIF-8 dosage Figure 13c and d : Graph of ln(qe-qt) versus time at ZIF-8 & nZVI/ZIF-8 dosage Table 6: Summary of the parameters of kinetics

20. REACTION ISOTHERMS STUDY 20 Figure 14a and b: Graph of log qe versus log Ce at ZIF-8 and nZVI/ZIF-8 dosage Figure 14c and d: Graph of log qe versus log Ce at ZIF-8 and nZVI/ZIF-8 dosage a b c d Adsorbent Intercept Slope n K F (mg (1-(1/n)) g -1 ) R 2 ZIF-8 -0.2705 1.6127 0.620078 0.536414 0.9401 nZVI/ZIF-8 0.9224 0.024 41.66667 8.36373 0.0258 Table 7: Summary of the parameters of isotherms

21. CONCLUSION The current experimental studies heavy metal spiked water was carried out with considered various factors and a dosage concentration of ZIF-8 and nZVI/ZIF-8 particles. The batch experimental study of water conducted for chromium heavy metal spiked water in which heavy metal more targeted in this project work, experimental results show when varied the factors such as effect of contact time, dosage, initial concentration and pH respectively. The characterization results of ZIF-8 using SEM confirmed the structure is cubic shape. The removal efficiency was found to be 97.73% for an initial concentration of 4 ppm after 10 minutes at a dose of 500 mg/L with ZIF-8. The removal efficiency was found to be 46.15% after 10mins, the efficiency increased to 100% after 20 minutes for an initial concentration of 8 ppm at a dose of 500 mg/L with nZVI/ZIF-8. The results of the SEM and EDX studies demonstrated that the adsorbent was successful in adsorbing chromium. The kinetic study of batch experiments showed that the reaction followed pseudo second order kinetic model and qe was found to be 1.12 mg/g forZIF-8, 38.91 mg/g for nZVI/ZIF-8. The isotherm studies result of batch experiments showed that the batch adsorption data of ZIF-8, fitted well for Freundlich isotherm rather than Langmuir isotherm. For nZVI/ZIF-8 Langmuir isotherm fitted well. 21

22. RESEARCH OUTCOME CONFERENCE Apoorva V, Prathima B and Krishnamurthy Sainath, Enhanced Removal of Hexavalent Chromium Using ZIF-8 and nZVI Loaded ZIF-8 Composite: A Promising Approach for Water Treatment, National Level Conference on Advanced Materials for Environmental Sustainability (AMES-2023), 12-13 October-2023, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal, Karnataka. 22

23. SCOPE FOR FUTURE STUDIES In the current project, a study of the effectiveness of ZIF-8 and nZVI/ZIF-8 in the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions for Hexavalent chromium was undertaken. In the future, similar experimental techniques can be applied by doping ZIF-8 and nZVI/ZIF-8 with metals, amine groups, and other elements for the adsorption of additional heavy metals that are of concern, such as Cu, Ni, Zn, As, and others. 23

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