renewable energy technology Energy Scenario.pptx

energy scenario

1. Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS SUBJECT CODE: 16EE316 Google Class Room Code :awnpk4 UNIT –I ENERGY SCENARIO N.Loganathan AP/EEE - SKCET 28 June 2018 1

2. 16EE316 – RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES BOOKS 1. G.D.RAI ,“Non Conventional Energy Sources”, Khanna Publishers, 2010. 2. B.H. KHAN , “Non-Conventional Energy Resources”, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2010. 28 June 2018 2

3. COURSE PLAN Course pre-requisites : Engineering Physics Course Learning Objectives : 1.To understand different non-conventional energy systems and its applications. 2.To advance student's knowledge and assimilate new technologies. 3. To perform simple techno-economical case studies of renewable energy systems . 28 June 2018 3

4. UNIT – I ENERGY SCENARIO Introduction Energy Scenario in India Kyoto Protocol Concept of Clean Development Mechanism Prototype Carbon Funds Integrated Resource Plan 28 June 2018 4

5. UNIT – II SOLAR ENERGY Solar Thermal Solar Photovoltaic Applications Maximum Power Point Tracking Grid Interactive Solar PV Systems 28 June 2018 5

6. UNIT – III WIND ENRGY Site Selection Wind Energy Conversion System Applications Maximum Power Operation Grid Connected Operations 28 June 2018 6

7. UNIT – IV OTHER ENERGY SOURCES Biomass Energy Tidal Energy Geothermal Energy Fuel Cells Applications. 28 June 2018 7

8. UNIT – V ENERGY STORAGE AND CASE STUDIES Storage Methods Mechanical Chemical Electromagnetic Electrostatic Thermal energy Case Studies on Solar PV System Case Studies on Wind Energy System Case Studies on Hybrid Electric Vehicles. 28 June 2018 8

9. UNIT - I ENERGY SCENARIO INTRODUCTION India is the fifth largest consumer of energy accounting 3.4% of global energy consumption. Rich in coal and renewable energy. 25% of primary energy needs is met by imports. Per capital consumption of energy is low. Commercial energy consumption is only 50%. 28 June 2018 9

10. ENERGY DEFINITION Energy is the ability to do work and work is the transfer of energy from one form to another. Energy comes in different forms - heat (thermal), light (radiant), mechanical, electrical, chemical, and nuclear energy. Electrical Energy - Electrical energy is the movement of electrons. Lightning an example of electrical energy. 28 June 2018 10

11. ENERGY USE IN INDIA Energy demand is increasing due to accelerated Industrialization Urbanization Population growth and Rising incomes Meeting the increasing demand only through increases in supply may lead to: Reduced energy security unavailability Increase in prices of imported fuels Adverse environmental impacts Strain on balance of payments 28 June 2018 11

12. We all have our personal doomsday scenarios with respect to an extremely “energy hungry” world 28 June 2018 12

13. WHY SAVE ENERGY? Energy resources are limited Energy Demand Keep Increasing Energy prices are going up To reduce cost of production To cut costs Reduces Green House Gas Emissions Investments In Energy Conservation Provide Most Attractive Returns Improves overall business /profitability 28 June 2018 13

14. Major issues - energy related Today's development 28 June 2018 14

15. CLASSIFICATION OF ENERGY Primary & Secondary Commercial & Non Commercial Renewable & Non renewable Conventional & Non Conventional 28 June 2018 15

16. PRIMARY & SECONDARY ENERGY 28 June 2018 16

17. Cont., Primary: Primary energy sources are those that are either found or stored in nature. Common primary energy sources are coal, oil, natural gas and biomass (such as wood). Other primary sources are nuclear, thermal etc. Secondary: Primary sources are converted to industrial utilities known as secondary sources. e.g. coal & oil are converted to steam & electricity. 28 June 2018 17

18. COMMERCIAL & NON COMMERCIAL ENERGY Commercial Energy: Energy sources available in market for definite price are known as commercial energy. Eg . Coal, Electricity & Petroleum. It is used in the basis of industry, Agriculture, Transport. Non Commercial Energy: Energy sources that are not available in market for definite price are known as non commercial energy. Eg : Fire wood, agri waste, cattle waste. 1. Wind energy for irrigation 2. Solar energy for water heating. 28 June 2018 18

19. RENEWABLE & NON RENEWABLE ENERGY 28 June 2018 19

20. Cont., Renewable : Energy obtained from the sources that are inexhaustible. Eg : Solar, Wind, Geothermal, Tidal, No release of harmful pollutants. Non Renewable : Energy that depletes with respect to time. Eg : Coal, Oil 28 June 2018 20

21. INDIAN ENERGY SCENARIO Coal Oil Natural Gas Electrical Energy Nuclear Energy Hydro Power 28 June 2018 21

22. COAL India has coal reserve Fourth largest producer or lignite & coal Coal dominates the energy mix in India contributing 55% total energy production. This is almost 9% of world reserves & it has a reserve for 230 years. World will last up to 192 years. 70% total domestic electricity & 50% commercial energy demand is met. AP, UP, BIHAR, MP, MAHARASTRA, ORISSA, WB, TAMIL NADU 28 June 2018 22

23. OIL Accounts for 36% of total energy consumption and 34% total energy production. India is one among top ten consumer in the world and 0.3% world’s reserves 70% of demand is met by imports i.e 1.2 million barrel per day. Consumption of petrol in transport sector-53%, domestic-18%, industries-17% . Total installed capacity of Diesel based power plants in India is 1,199.75 MW. 20-17% decline in share in primary energy production. BOMBAY, ASSAM 28 June 2018 23

24. NATURAL GAS It has for 8.9 % of energy consumption in the country. The total installed capacity of gas based power plants in India is 17,353.85 MW about 10% of total installed capacity. A demand of 200mcmd against availability of 103.08mcmd. 10% – 13% increase in share of natural gas in primary energy production. 28 June 2018 24

25. NUCLEAR Fourth largest source of electricity. Contributes to 2.5% in total energy production, and 3.1% in electricity generation. Nineteen nuclear power reactors and six nuclear power plants produce 4,560 MW(2.9% of total installed base). To achieve 20000 MW generation capacity 28 June 2018 25

26. NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS Power station State Installed capacity(MW) Narora Atomic Power Station Uttar Pradesh 440 Rajasthan Atomic Power Station Rajasthan 1180 Tarapur Atomic Power Station Maharashtra 1400 Kakrapar Atomic Power Station Gujarat 440 Kudankulam Nuclear Power plant Tamil Nadu 2000 Madras Atomic Power Station Tamil Nadu 500 Kaiga Nuclear Power Plant Karnataka 880 Madras Atomic Power Station Tamil Nadu 440 28 June 2018 26

27. ELECTRICAL ENERGY India Installed Capacity (In Mw) of Power Stations (As on 31.05.2018) Coal: 196957.50   Renewable Energy Systems: 69022.39 Hydro: 45403.42 Gas: 24897.46   Nuclear: 6780.00   Diesel: 837.63 28 June 2018 27

28. Cont., Tamil Nadu Installed Capacity (In Mw) of Power Stations (As on November 2015) Coal : 10,075.10   Renewable Energy Systems:15,245.11 Gas:4,962.78   Nuclear:2,320.00   Diesel: 917.48 28 June 2018 28

29. WORLD ENERGY SCENARIO- Energy Production & Consumption 28 June 2018 29

30. STRATEGIES FOR ELECTRIC POWER Power Generation Strategy with focus on low cost generation, controlling the input cost, Technology up gradation and utilization of Non Conventional sources Transmission Strategy with focus on development of National Grid including Interstate connections, Technology upgradation & optimization of transmission cost Distribution strategy to achieve Distribution Reforms with focus on System up gradation, loss reduction, theft control, quality power supply, Decentralized distributed generation and supply for rural areas. 28 June 2018 30

31. Cont., Regulation Strategy aimed at protecting Consumer interests and making the sector commercially viable. Financing Strategy to generate resources for required growth of the power sector. Conservation Strategy to optimize the utilization of electricity with focus on Demand Side management, Load management and Technology up gradation to provide energy efficient equipment / gadgets. Communication Strategy media support to enhance the general public awareness. 28 June 2018 31