Report Meteorology earth annual energy balance

report in meteorology

1. Earth Annual
Energy Balance
Juila Jean A. Managaytay

2. What is Earth Energy Balance?
Answer:
A fundamental concept in climate science that
describes how energy flows into, through and out of
the Earth’s system. It is the delicate equilibrium
between the energy Earth receives from the Sun and
the energy it radiates back into space.

3. The shortest wavelength of solar radiation (those most
dangerous to life) are absorbed by molecules in the upper and
middle atmosphere.
In particular, ozone selectively absorbs ultraviolet radiation
while allowing visible radiation to pass through relatively
unhindered.
Reflection significantly affect the solar radiation that reaches
the ground, as the sun’s rays could be reflected off of air
molecules (termed scattering) clouds or the ground itself.
Solar Radiation1.

5. 2. Terrestrial Radiation
The earth surface, atmosphere, and clouds emit radiation in the
infrared band near-infrared band.
Outgoing infrared (IR) radiation from the earth surface (also
called terrestrial radiation) is selectively absorbed by certain
molecules, particularly water vapor and carbon dioxide.
Gases which absorb IR radiation are termed collectively as
“greenhouse gases”
Water vapor and carbon dioxide infrared radiation.

7. 3. Energy Distribution and heat transport
Uneven Energy Distribution

8. Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation:

9. Conduction and Convection:

10. 4. Energy Balance and Imbalance
Balance state

11. Imbalance

12. SEASON

13. What is Season?
Answer:
A season is one of the major division
of the year, generally based on yearly
periodic changes in the weather.

14. The four Season

15. Earth circles the Sun in a planar
orbit, while simultaneously spinning
on its axis. This axis is tilted at 23.5
degree from a line drawn
perpendicular to the orbital plane.

17. the September equinox can be called the fall or autumnal equinox.
In the Southern Hemisphere, the names are the other way around and The
September equinox occurs sometime between September 21 and 24.

18. The December solstice happens sometime between December 20
and 23, when the Sun is directly over the Tropic of Capricorn in
the Southern Hemisphere. In brief, the Tropic of Capricorn runs
through South America, southern Africa, and Australia.

19. In the Northern Hemisphere, the March equinox is also known as
the spring or vernal equinox, The March equinox happens sometime
between March 19 and 21.

20. The June solstice takes place sometime between June 20 and 22,
when the Sun is directly above the Tropic of Cancer in the
Northern Hemisphere. As a rough guide, the Tropic of Cancer
passes through Mexico, northern Africa, the Middle East, India,
and China.

21. Solstices: June and December solstices mark the extremes
of daylight length, with the Sun reaching its highest or
lowest point in the sky.
Equinoxes: March and September equinoxes are times
when day and night are nearly equal, with the Sun directly
above the equator.

22. AIR
TEMPERATURE &
APPLICATIONS
QUEENIE B. ABBASA
BSED SCI-3A

23. What controls air temperature?
-Differential heating of land and water
Ocean Currents
Altitude
Geographic Position
Cloud cover & Albedo

24. OCEAN CURRENTS
-Movement of water from
one location to another.
- One of the factors that
affect the temperature of
ocean water.

25. 2 types of ocean
currents
Warmer ocean currents
- raise the temperature in
cold areas.
Cold ocean currents
- decrease the
temperature in warmer
areas.

26. What causes ocean
currents?
Rise and fall of the tide
Wind
Thermohaline circulation
Frictional forces

27. ALTITUDE - cooler temperature
at greater heights.
“ HIGH ALTITUDE” - 2,400
meters ( 8,000 feet) into the
atmosphere.
2 reasons
Gravity
Density
ALTITUDE
Altimeter

29. Sir Edmund Hillary
Tenzing Norgay

30. GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
LEEWARD location is
protected from prevailing
wind.

WINDWARD location is
one that is exposed to
prevailing.
- means “ upwind”, or
the wind is blowing.

31. CLOUD COVER & ALBEDO
Cooling effect - cloudy
day
- high albedo
- reduced solar radiation
- lower air temperature
Warming effect - clear
day
- absorb more solar energy
- higher air temperature

32. WORLD DISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURE

33. Application of Temp Data
Heating Degree-Days 1.
-when you turn the heat
on.
-Developed by
Engineers in the early
20th century.

34. Application of Temp Data
2. Cooling Degree-Days
- when you turn on the
AC on.
- a way to evaluate
energy demand for cooling
a building.

35. Application of Temp Data
3. Growing Degree-Days
- when plants can grow.
used by farmers to determine
the approximate date to
harvest their crops.

36. Application of Temp Data
4. Temperature and Comfor
- how temperature actually feels.
- how we perceive temperature matters to us
humans.
It is affected by:
Relative humidity
Wind
Sunshine
HEAT INDEX - when its humid, evaporation
doesn’t work as well and we ‘’FEEL’’ hotter.
WINDCHILL- wind makes it ‘’feel’’ colder than
actually is.

38. Which of the following best describe the concept of Earth annual energy balance?1.
a. The difference between the energy Earth receives from the Sun and the energy Earth emits
back into space.
b. The total amount of energy Earth receives from the Sun over a 24-hour period.
c. The sum of all energy absorbed by Earth's atmosphere and oceans.
d. The energy used by humans and machines on Earth in a year.
2. What primarily determines the amount of solar energy absorbed by Earth’s surface?
a. The length of daylight hours
b. The angle of solar radiation and Earth's surface reflectivity.
c. The distance between Earth and the Sun
d. The Earth's magnetic field strength.

39. 3. How does Earth's energy balance affect global temperatures?
a. An imbalance between incoming solar energy and outgoing heat can lead to global warming or
cooling.
b. It has no effect on global temperatures.
c. The energy balance directly controls the length of seasons.
d. It only affects the temperature of the atmosphere, not the Earth's surface.
4. Which of the following seasons occurs after winter?
a. Summer
b. Spring
c. Autumn
d. Winter
5. Which of the following occurs during the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere?
a. The Sun is directly above the Equator.
b. The Northern Hemisphere experiences the shortest day of the year.
c. The Northern Hemisphere experiences the longest day of the year.
d. The Earth is farthest from the Sun.

40. 6. Movement of water from one location to another.
a. Isotherms c. Temperature
b. Ocean currents d. Altitude
7. What is the highest mountain in the world, with a peak that reaches 8,848.86 meters (29,031.7
feet) above sea level?
a. Mount. Mayon c. Mount. Everest
b. Mount. Pinatubo d. Mount. Fuji
8. A __________ location is one that is exposed to the prevailing winds.
a. Leeward c. A & B
b. Windward d. Geographic position
9.___________ refers to the height or elevation of an object or point in relation to sea level or
ground level.
a. Altitude c. Albedo
b. Latitude d. Cloud Cover
10. _______ _______ is one of the strongest ocean currents in the world.
a. Gulf Stream c. California Current
b. kuroshi Current d. Canary Current