report on nationalism and naturalism.pptx

PowerPoint presentation about Nationalism and Naturalism. Included descriptions and relation to the school curriculum

1. Nationalism Nationalism was primarily concerned with the preservation and glorification of the state. It is believed that the state must depend on education as a safeguard against external aggression.

2. He proposed that government be based on the ‘ general will ’, as opposed to the ‘particular’, or selfish, will of each citizen. Rousseau is often seen as the ‘father’ of civic nationalism. This is because he took the general will to be the will of the nation, the people being bound together by patriotism or a sense of national esprit de corps . “N ationalism was therefore inextricably linked to citizenship, democracy and the belief that the state’s legitimacy derives from the active participation of its citizens.” Jean-Jacques Rousseau

3. Historical Context Historically, nations have recognized the importance of education in shaping public opinion and national consciousness. For example: 19th Century Prussia implemented compulsory education as a means to promote national unity and prepare citizens for military service. I n various countries, educational reforms have often been aligned with nationalist movements aiming to consolidate power and identity within a defined territory.

4. The Role of Education in Nationalism Education serves multiple purposes within the framework of nationalism: 1. Civic Identity Formation : Education is instrumental in instilling a sense of national identity among citizens. By teaching history, culture, and civic responsibilities , educational systems can cultivate loyalty to the state and promote a shared sense of belonging.

5. 2. Social Cohesion : A well-structured education system can bridge diverse social groups within a nation, fostering unity and reducing tensions. This is particularly important in multicultural societies where different ethnic or cultural groups may have distinct identities.

6. Economic Development: Beyond fostering national identity, education is also linked to economic development. A well-educated populace is essential for innovation and competitiveness in the global market. Nationalist policies often prioritize education as a means to enhance the state's economic strength, which in turn supports its sovereignty and ability to defend itself against external pressures. Historical Context: Historically, many states have recognized the significance of education in shaping national identity. For instance, compulsory education systems established in the 19th century were designed not only to educate but also to instill a sense of duty towards the state. This shift marked a transition from viewing education as a privilege of the elite to recognizing it as a right and responsibility of all citizens. State Intervention: The state's role in education has evolved over time, with governments increasingly intervening to ensure access to quality education for all citizens. This intervention reflects a belief that education is not just an individual right but also a collective necessity for national survival and prosperity. In summary, nationalism's focus on state preservation and glorification is closely intertwined with educational policies that aim to foster civic engagement, social cohesion, and economic development. By investing in education, states seek to create resilient societies capable of withstanding external threats while promoting a unified national identity. Related How did the role of education in nationalism evolve over time What are some historical examples of states using education to enhance national pride How did the introduction of compulsory education impact national identity In what ways did education policies reflect the socio-political beliefs of different nations How did the relationship between education and the state change from feudal to democratic societies Ask follow-up

7. Curriculum Religious and Moral Education Physical Education Vocational Training

8. Naturalism ( Jean Jacques Rosseau ) The child’s natural developmental stages ( Principle of Growth, Principle of Activity, Principle of Individualization )should be followed in the classroom. It aims to educate the child according to the natural law of development, free from all that’s artificial.

9. The parents need to handle the education of their child at home. The learner is the center of the education process and needs, activity, experience, and knowledge.

10. Curriculum Early Stage - Sensory Training Later Stage - Science, Language Math, Manual Work, Moral Education