Reporting 1.1-primitivism

Powerpoint Presentation

1. ABEL TROBAK

2. BELA BARTOK

3. ORIG VINSAKRYST

4. IGOR STRAVINSKY

5. LANDOR CHORESBENG

6. ARNOLD SCHOENBERG

7. WELVET

8. TWELVE

9. TENTHEIR

10. THIRTEEN

11. TRIMSIVIPIM

12. PRIMITIVISM

13. Primitivism (Expressionism) Group 1 Bajana . Brandes . Aranjuez . Boongaling . Cordez . De Jesus. Fadri

14. PRIMITIVISM Made used of atonality and 12-tone scale Lacked stable and conventional harmonies Reveals composer’s mind instead of presenting impression of environment Medium for expressing strong emotions (anxiety, rage, alienation)

15. COMPOSERS

16. Bela Bartok (1881-1945) Bela Viktor Janos Bartok Hungarian 25 March 1881 - 26 September 1945 His health started deteriorating in 1940 , he noticed his right shoulder is increasingly becoming stiff. This was followed by bouts of fever and only in 1944 he was diagnosed that he had Leukemia . But by then the cancer was at an advanced stage.

17. Bela Bartok (1881-1945) Family Background Born in the Banatian town of Nagyszentmiklós , Hungary to a family, which reflected some of the ethno-cultural diversities prevalent in Hungary at that time. His father, Bela Sr., came from a Hungarian lower noble family. His mother Paula had a mixed Hungarian origin whose mother tongue was German.  

18. Bela Bartok (1881-1945) Family Background When Bartok was seven years old, in 1888, he lost his father. His mother then took him and his sister, Erzsebet , to Nagyszõlõs , which is now known as Vinogradiv , in Ukraine. Then they moved to Pozsony , which is now known as Bratislava, in Slovakia.  

19. Bela Bartok (1881-1945) Education Bartok joined piano classes under István Thomán , from 1899 to 1903. At the same time, he learned composition under János Koessler at the Royal Academy of Music. It was at the Academy that he met Zoltán Kodály , who became his colleague and friend.  

20. Bela Bartok (1881-1945) Accomplishments/Contribution As a neo-classicist, primitivist , and nationalist composer, Bartok used Hungarian folk themes and rhythms. He also utilized changing meters and strong syncopations. His compositions were successful because of their rich melodies and lively rhythms.  

21. Bela Bartok (1881-1945) Accomplishments/Contribution Six String Quartets (1908–1938). It represents the greatest achievement of his creative life, spanning a full 30 years for their completion. The six works combine difficult and dissonant music with mysterious sound. Mikrokosmos (1926–1939), a set of six books containing progressive technical piano pieces, introduced and familiarized the piano student with contemporary harmony and rhythm.  

22. Bela Bartok (1881-1945) Popular/ Famous Compositions Six String Quartets (1908–1938). Concerto for Orchestra (1943) Allegro Barbaro (1911) Duet for Pipes 14 Bagatelles (1908) Two Pictures (1910)

23. Arnold Schoenberg (1874-1951) Arnold Franz Walter Schönberg Austrian 13 September 1874 – 13 July 1951

24. Arnold Schoenberg (1874-1951) Cause of death The composer had  triskaidekaphobia  (the fear of the number 13), he feared he would die during a year that was a multiple of 13. In 1950, on his seventy-sixth birthday, an astrologer wrote Schoenberg a warning that the year was a critical one: 7 + 6 = 13. This stunned and depressed the composer, for up to that point he had only been wary of multiples of 13 and never considered adding the digits of his age. He died on Friday, 13 July 1951, shortly before midnight.

25. Arnold Schoenberg (1874-1951) Family Background Born in a lower middle class family to Pauline Nachod and Samuel Schoenberg in Vienna. He hailed from a family that had no musical association. His father Samuel, was a merchant and owned a shoe store. Schoenberg was blessed as his parents enjoyed music but they could not contribute much towards his musical career. His brother Heinrich Schoenberg was a singer.

26. Arnold Schoenberg (1874-1951) Education Schoenberg received his elementary instructions from Oskar Adler who taught him harmony and counterpoint, and studied compositions from his close friend and brother-in-law, Alexander Zemlinsky . Though most of Schoenberg’s life was spent in teaching at various private institutions, he also acquired jobs in orchestrating operettas.

27. Arnold Schoenberg (1874-1951) Accomplishments/ Contribution Twelve Tone System - According to this method, the compositions were based on a row or series and the composer would choose all the twelve notes of the chromatic scale in a particular way according to his desire. The row may be inverted, played backward in inversion or transposed to any scale step.

28. Arnold Schoenberg (1874-1951) Popular/ Famous works Verklarte Nacht , Three Pieces for Piano, op. 11 Pierrot Lunaire , Gurreleider Verklarte Nacht (Transfigured Night, 1899), one of his earliest successful pieces, blends the lyricism, instrumentation, and melodic beauty of Brahms with the chromaticism and construction of Wagner.

29. Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971) Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky Russian 17 June 1882 – 06 April 1971

30. Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971) Cause of Death  In  1969 , the Stravinskys moved to New York, where the composer was hospitalized a number of times over the next year for respiratory problems.  He died on April 6,  1971 , and after memorial services in New York and Venice, he was buried near Serge Diaghilev’s grave on the cemetery island of San Michele.

31. Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971) Family Background   He was raised in St. Petersburg by his father, a bass singer named Fyodor, and his mother, Anna, a talented pianist. Not wanting Stravinsky to follow in their footsteps, his parents persuaded him to study law after he graduated from secondary school.

32. Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971) Education   After enrolling at the University of Saint Petersburg, Stravinsky became friendly with a classmate named Vladimir Rimsky-Korsakov, whose father, Nikolai, was a celebrated composer. Stravinksy soon became Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov's pupil, as he was granted the freedom to pursue his artistic career upon the death of his father in 1902.

33. Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971) Accomplishments/Contributions   He had used a style influenced by Rimsky-Korsakov in “The Firebird” and also pandiatonicism where he used diatonic scale without being limited by tonality. Later on, in “The Rite of Spring” he adopted polytonality. If “The Fire Bird” was made on imaginative orchestration, in “The Rite of Spring” he attempted to depict the brutality of a Pagan musically.  

34. Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971) Accomplishments/Contributions   In the next period, Stravinsky adopted a neoclassic style. His work “ Mavra ” is believed to be the first work based on this style. His last neoclassical work was an opera “The Rake’s Progress”, composed in 1951. He then moved to serialism . He used serial techniques like dodecaphony during this phase. This style is well demonstrated in his works like “Cantata” and “Septet”.  

35. Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971) Accomplishments/Contributions   In the next period, Stravinsky adopted a neoclassic style. His work “ Mavra ” is believed to be the first work based on this style. His last neoclassical work was an opera “The Rake’s Progress”, composed in 1951. He then moved to serialism . He used serial techniques like dodecaphony during this phase. This style is well demonstrated in his works like “Cantata” and “Septet”.  

36. Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971) Accomplishments/Contributions   Sonning Award, Denmark's highest musical honor , in 1959. He was posthumously honored with the Grammy Award for Lifetime Achievement, in 1987. Stravinsky was inducted into the National Museum of Dance C.V. Whitney Hall of Fame, in 2004. He was honored by the United States Postal Service with a 2¢ Great Americans series postage stamp, in 1982.

37. Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971) Popular/Famous Works The Firebird Suite (1910 ) The Rite of Spring (1913) Petrouchka (1911) The Rake’s Progress (1951)

38. QUIZ

39. What is another term for Primitivism? From your answer in number 1, why is Primitivism also called like that? What made the day of Arnold Schoenberg’s death ironic? Which musician had a family with no musical association except for his brother who was a singer?

40. 5. Why did Stravinsky’s parents persuaded him to study law right after he graduated from secondary school? 6. What is Igor Stravinsky’s nationality? 7. What is Schoenberg’s biggest contribution? 8. What is the title of the composition that is believed to be the first work based on Neoclassic style?

41. 9. What is triskaidekaphobia ? 10. What is the name of the Hungarian composer who shares the title as Hungary’s greatest composer with Bela Bertok ? 10.What is the name of the only opera that Bertok made and who inspired him to write his composition?

42. 12. In Primitivism music, what musical component frequently changes? 13. How old was Bertok when he lost his father? 14. What is the other name of Twelve Tone Scale? 15. Name one of Stravinsky’s famous works?