Research Planning and Scientific Writing.pptx

what is research planning and scientific writing and its objectives

1. Course Title: Research Planning and Scientific Writing Course code: BCH-609 Dr Tanzila Sahar

2. Introduction Scientific writing is generally not taught as a subject in universities However, they are trained in the art of writing reports in class assignment and courses as special problem, case studies, synopsis, thesis and others. Oral skills are learnt in seminar or class presentations Main objective of this course are: Learning of scientific writing Develop and enhance confidence in students for oral presentations to improve oral and writing skills of students

3. Need for Scientific Presentations Education is the process of providing systematic instructions to develop character and mental power to an individual Grooming basically starts from primary school where individuals begin learning alphabets and constructing plain sentences. As they progress through various level of education, they learn more of technical and communication skills. Two important skills that help one to grow socially and intellectually are; Writing and Speaking

4. Continue.. Writing and speaking skills or power determines selection and promotion decisions as well as success in the career Almost everyone in a responsible position writes reports or makes oral presentation of his/her activities and achievements. Hence for every individual presentation skills are very important or essential. These are required to qualify examinations, face interview panel to get a job, and work with clients, superiors and subordinates. Like professionals, students, scientist and researchers make written or oral presentations of their work or achievements on different occasions.

5. Scientists and communicators Scientific presentations are written and oral discussions on achievements of scientists and professionals Scientific information is reported objectively for practical use of the reader or listeners. These type of information usually based on experiences, observations and interpretations in a certain field and directed towards a specific group of people. Scientists are brilliant bright and creative people. They are technically trained to be teachers, scientists (like biochemist, biotechnologist, biologist, chemist, pharmacist, physicist, agriculturists, food technologists, microbiologists etc.), engineers, computer engineers, mathematicians, doctors, and physicians and so on.

6. Continue.. They provide expertise in their respective fields, but often lack behind in promotion to higher positions owing to poor communication or presentation skills. Management jobs are usually occupied by those who are trained business management or other specific fields. This is because they received added training in communication skills and are able better present their cases. All technical persons stand to gain from improving their communication skills. All scientists work in settings where teamwork is essential . Good teamwork is impossible without good communications. Scientists and professionals must be able to convince their co-workers, clients and supervisors of their work. Otherwise, their technical skills will remain unnoticed and unappreciated.

7. Presentation style and format All scientific Presentations must have specific style and format. Style refer to syntax-language, punctuation, capitalization, spelling, tone, abbreviations, foreign terms, word divisions and such other grammatical essentials. On the other hand, format means arrangement of elements on a page that includes font type, font size, margins, line spacing, indentation, position of headings, arrangement of footnotes and so on. For scientific articles, the journals always provide a style guide that must be followed by the authors. In case of synopsis, thesis and other such documents, the institutions normally prescribe the guidelines.

8. Presentation style and format (Continue) In most institutions of higher learning in Pakistan, science and professional students are hardly provided any systematic training in the form of a course on writing class assignment, synopsis, thesis and research paper or presenting a seminar. Similarly rules have been described for citing references in the text and in the reference list. But it may vary from institute to institute and journal to journal. The teacher or supervisor merely orders the student to do a specific job. It has been observed that quite often teachers and supervisors themselves are unaware of the style and format that should be followed.

9. Types of Scientific presentations Class assignment Seminar or oral presentation Special problem or case study Research guide proposal Synopsis or protocol Thesis or dissertation Scientific article or research paper Review paper internship report or report writing