Rubella presentation for bsn 3rd yr students

This is the 3rd yr communicable disease topic rubella

2. Rubella


Tropical Diseases presentation
Presented to: Mam Asma Khalid
 Presented by: Amna Ashraf
 Roll No: 07

3. Objectives
By the end of the session the students will be able to:
Introduction.
Define Rubella.
Discuss the epidemiology triad of Rubella.
Pathophysiology.
Clinical manifestation of Rubella.
Complication.
Congenital Rubella syndrome.
Prevention of diseases.
EPI schedule of Rubella.
Nursing care plan.

4. Introduction

Rubella, commonly known as German measles, is a disease caused by
Rubella virus. The name is derived from the Latin, meaning little red.
Rubella is also known as German measles because the disease was first
described by German physicians, Friedrich Hoffmann, in the mid-
eighteenth century.

5. Definition
•Acute infectious, viral disease of older children and young adults,
characterized by mild prodromal symptoms, typical rash and painful
cervical lymphadenopathy.

6. Epidemiology
Agent:
 RNA virus of TOGA family
Host Factors:
Age: 3-10 years
Immunity: One attack results in lifelong immunity.
Source of infection:
 Clinical and subclinical cases (no know carriers).

7. Contiu….
Period of communicability:
Weeks before and after the rash appear. Less communicable than measles
due to absence coughing in rubella.
Transmission:
Direct: Droplets and droplet nuclei.
Vertical: Transplacental
Incubation period:
2 to 3 weeks average 18 days

9. Pathophysiology

10. Clinical features

50 % cases are asymptomatic.
Prodromal: runny nose, sore throat,low grade fever.
Lymphadenopathy: Enlargement of post aurical and post cervical lymph
nodes.
Rash:Appears first on face spreads rapidly onto trunk and extremities by
which time it is often longer apparent on the face its rash spread rapidly and
disappear rapidly opppsite to measles.

11. Clinical manifestation
Low grade fever
Headache
Mild pink eye
General discomfort
Cough
Runny nose
Swollen and enlarge lymph nodes

13. Complication
Deafness
Cataracts
Heart defects
Brain disorder
Mental retardation
Bone alteration
Liver and spleen damage
Encephalitis
Thrombocytopenic purpura

15. Congenital Rubella Syndrome
It refers to infants born with defects secondary
to intrauterine infection or who manifest signs or symptoms intrauterine
infection sometime after birth.
If during first trimester mother is infected,than rubella triad occurs i.e.
cataract, glaucoma ,deafness, patent ductus artriosus.
If mother infected during second trimester, than it causes
microencephalopathy.
If mother is infected after twenty weeks pregnancy no defect occurs in the
baby.

16. Prevention and control

Rubella can be prevented with MMR vaccine .
This protects against three diseases: Meases, Mumps and Rubella.
CDC recommends children get two doses of MMR vaccine, starting with
first dose at 12 through 15 months of age and second dose at 4 through 6
years of age.
Single dose, 0.5ml,S/C.

17. Treatment
There is no effective antiviral treatment for rubella.
 Treatment of symptoms include plenty of fluids and pain relief if required.

18. Summary
So, by this project we say that rubella also known as German measles is
contagious viral Infection. It is spread by droplet transmission and direct
contact with infected person. Complications can include birth detects and
Encephalitis.

21. Reference
https://www.slidesshare.net/AbhilashaVerma1/abhi1-37165022
Excel community medicine and public health 13
th
edition , Dr. Muhammad
Naveed Alam