SEED SELECTION.pptx

method on how to choose proper seed for planting

1. SEED SELECTION

2. After studying the lesson, you must be able to identify and select good seeds for planting; test the viability of seeds using ragdoll method; compute for the percentage germination; and appreciate the importance of testing seeds before planting;

3. Using high quality seeds of a recommended rice variety will result in a considerable increase in the yield. The characteristics of certified seeds are the following: pure clean with the same size and shape 85% or higher percentage of germination free from seed borne diseases

4. Sources of Good Seeds 1. PhilRice 2. Bureau of Plant Industry (BPI) 3. Agricultural Productivity Commission (APC) 4. Institute of Plant Breeding (IPB) 5. Seed Grower – cooperators in your locality 6. Reliable dealers of farm supplies

5. How to avail good seeds 1. Buy seeds from accredited seed growers stated above. 2. If there are no accredited seed growers in the locality, then buy seeds from reliable sources (i.e. farmers whose fields have uniform crop growth) or produce your own high quality seeds . However, make sure to perform a seed germination test to ensure quality. There should be at least 85% germination.

6. 3. If the variety has not yet been tested in the area, make initial selection based on recommended environment and cropping season. Then, conduct at least two seasons of trial in the locality. 4. During wet season, consider the prevalent pests in the area and the shattering and lodging characteristics of a variety. In the dry season, consider planting hybrid varieties because these varieties tend to perform better during dry season.

7. 5. In rainfed areas, farmers tend to use varieties for irrigated lowland areas owing probably to lack of access to rainfed varieties. It is recommended to first choose varieties intended for rainfed environment. Consider also traditional or regionally preferred varieties for rainfed environment knowing that crops can develop adaptability in an area.

8. 6. Farmers also often prefer new varieties, believing that they yield better. However, a variety may be released based on reasons other than yield (e.g. better grain quality and resistance to pests). Thus, it is important to know the characteristics of the varieties but, more importantly, to conduct adaptability trials.

9. 1.Early maturing and non-seasonal (100 – 130 days from seeding to maturity) 2.Resistant to pest, diseases, drought and lodging 3.Nitrogen-responsive (this means that when you apply nitrogen to the rice plant, the yield increases) 4.High grain weight (6 – 7 mg) 5.High grain milling quality (whole ) 6.High milling recovery (66% -70%)

10. There are other factors to consider in the selection of good seeds aside from the desirable characteristics, and these are: 1. Genetic purity . The seed should not be mixed with other rice variety. 2. Physical purity of composition. Seeds should be free from inert matter, chaff, and weed seeds. They must be clean.

11. 3. Moisture content . The ideal moisture content of rice seeds for sowing is 14%. 4. Capacity of the seed to germinate or viability. The international standards for viability require a minimum of 80% germination.

12. The four general classifications of agricultural seeds according to their purity and quality are as follows: 1. Breeder seeds. This is the purest seed of rice varieties obtained through selection, introduction, and hybridization. Hybridization means that a selected seed is planted and during the reproductive stage , it is crossed with another plant.

13. 2. Foundation seeds . This type of seed is produced from breeder seeds in the government seed farm where its varietal purity is maintained. 3. Registered seeds . This seed is produced from the foundation seed. 4. Certified seeds. This type of seed is produced from the registered seed