Size Separation Principle, Construction and uses

Size separation is a mechanical process used to classify solid particles based on their size by passing them through screens or sieves of different mesh sizes. This method is commonly applied in industries such as pharmaceuticals, food processing, mining, and chemical manufacturing to ensure uniform particle size for better quality, efficiency, and performance of products.

1. PRESENTED BY mR. ram chandra bharati aka (Veer) Assistant professor (Pharmaceutical chemistry) SIZE SEPARATION

2. SIZE SEPARATION CONTENT SIZE SEPARATION advantage Disadvantage Objectives Mechanisms

3. SIZE SEPARATION (Sieving) Introduction . Size separation, also known as sieving, sifting , screening , or classification. It is a unit operation in pharmacy used to separate particles of a powder based on their size, shape and density. It ensures uniformity in particle size, Which is important for quality control, formulation, and processing of pharmaceutical products .

4. Objectives of Size Separation Objectives of Size Separation To obtain uniform particle size for accurate dosing. To improve flow properties of powders during handling, mixing, and compression. To enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of poorly soluble drugs. To ensure uniform blending of active ingredients and excipients. To achieve consistent bioavailability of drug formulations. To remove undesirable large particles, lumps, or foreign matter . To ensure smooth surface and texture in ointments, creams, and suspensions. To control granule size distribution during granulation processes. To meet pharmacopoeial standards for particle size specifications .

5. APPLICATION of Size Separation Application of Size Separation Production of uniform drug particles. Improvement of drug dissolution and absorption. Separation of coarse and fine powders. Preparation of granules for tablets and capsules. Quality control of raw materials. Isolation (APIs ) of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Grading of bulk powders. Preparation of aerosols and inhalation products. Removal of impurities and oversized particles.

6. advantages of Size Separation Advantages of Size Separation Tablet manufacturing – ensures uniform particle size for smooth blending, granulation, and compression. Capsule filling – prevents weight variation by providing powders of uniform size and flow ability . Powders for inhalation – produces fine particles (1–5 µm) needed for deep lung deposition. Topical powders – gives a smooth texture, preventing irritation on skin. Granulation – separates desired granule sizes from fines and oversized lumps. Ointments and creams – removes coarse particles that may cause roughness. Parenteral products – ensures injectable powders are free from large particles or aggregates. Research and development – helps in particle size analysis for improving solubility, dissolution, and bioavailability of drugs.

7. Disadvantages of Size Separation Disadvantages of Size Separation- High cost – Equipment like sieves, cyclones, and classifiers are expensive. Time-consuming – Multiple sieves or passes may be needed for accuracy. Clogging issues – Fine particles may block sieve pores. Wear and tear – Continuous use leads to damage of mesh or screen .

8. Mechanisms of Size Separation Mechanism- The mechanism of size separation involves sorting particles based on their physical size by using a variety of mechanical or physical processes. Principles and Methods- Size separation, also known as sieving, sifting, or screening, typically relies on mechanical agitation, brushing, centrifugal force, or fluid-induced sedimentation to divide mixtures into different size fractions .

9. Mechanisms of Size Separation Agitation Methods: These use mechanical movement to help particles pass through sieves. Oscillation : The sieve moves back and forth (front), causing material to roll over the mesh; simple, but sometimes forms clumps. movement of sieve upward and downward Vibration: High-speed vibration is applied, causing rapid movement of particles that helps fine particles pass through the mesh. Gyration : In this type of motion an eccentric flywheel is used for rotating the sieving at a fixed axis in a circular motion . Movement of sieve Clockwise and anticlockwise.

10. Mechanisms of Size Separation Brushing Method: The brushing method in size separation is a simple technique where a brush is used to move particles across the surface of a sieve to help small particles fall through the holes and to keep the sieve from getting blocked. The brush sweeps the material around so that sticky or clumpy powders do not clog the mesh, making the separation process smoother and more efficient . Centrifugal Method: The centrifugal method separates particles by spinning them fast. The spinning creates a force that pushes heavier, bigger particles outward, separating them from lighter, smaller ones quickly and effectively.

11. PRESENTED BY mR. ram chandra bharati (Veer…) Assistant professor (Pharmaceutical chemistry) ANY QUESTIONS...???

12. THANK YOU Presented by – RAM CHANDRA BHARATI ( VEEr)