social infrastructure in india

social infrastructure

1. Social Infrastructure

2. Social infrastructure means those basic activities and services which, in addition to achieving certain social objectives, indirectly help various economic activities. For example, education does not directly affect economic activities like production and distribution but indirectly helps in the economic development of the country by producing scientists, technologists and engineers. So education, health service, sanitation and water supply etc. are the examples of social infrastructure. Introduction

3. Education Education in every sense is one of the fundamental factors of development. No country can achieve sustainable economic development without substantial investment in human capital. Education raises people’s productivity and creativity , promotes entrepreneurship, technological advances and generates individual per capita income. Knowledge accumulation influences a country’s trade performance and competitiveness . India, with its huge population, India has world's third largest higher secondary education system with a number of institutions.

4. Education The education sector in India is standing at $ 600 billion . India's literacy rate -52.2% (1991) to 74.04% ( 2012 ) The number of institutes offering higher education in India is 44,668. Of that, 33,660 offer various degrees and the rest offers diplomas and has more than 1.4 million schools . Total (% of GDP) in India was 3.79 in 2012 , 3.9 in 2013. The total amount of foreign direct investments (FDI) inflow into the education sector in India stood at US$ 1,171.10 million from April 2000 to June 2015.

5. Health Health is one of the major determinants of labour productivity and efficiency. Multinational health care companies not only focus on providing medicines but also for expanding economic opportunities through job creation, training, shaping public policy etc ,. The health care sector includes drug manufacturers , pharmaceuticals & biotechnology, hospitals , health technology & information providers . Health expenditure per capita (US dollar) in India was last measured at 61.41 in 2013and the Total expenditure GDP in India is 4 %.

6. Better access to clean water, sanitation services and water management creates tremendous opportunity for the poor and is a progressive strategy for economic growth. In 2000, the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs ), were developed as a way to draw attention to global health and social justice issues and measure global progress on these goals . Water Supply and Sanitation

7. Water Supply and Sanitation Investing in water supply and sanitation brings various economic benefits: gaining productivity safeguarding water resources boosting tourism revenues Globally, almost 1 billion people lack clean drinking water. 2.4 billion people have no access to hygienic sanitation facilities. Investment in water and sanitation with private participation (US dollar) in India was last measured at 13,51,00,000 in 2013.

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