Social science holiday hw for north east states

Social science holiday hw

1. Social Science Holiday Homework

2. Agriculture Diverse Farming Landscapes: Uttar Pradesh vs. Arunachal Pradesh

3. Uttar Pradesh has a well-developed irrigation network. About 86.7% of the net sown area of the state comes under the irrigated area. It is significantly higher than the national average of 48.8 %. Some of the most common irrigation methods are: 1) Zanja – An ancient method where water was diverted from the riverbed by a brush weir ( toma ) into a main channel, called the mother ditch (zanja madre ). It was then allowed to spread at ground level to other branch channels. 2) Centre Pivot System- A method of crop irrigation in which equipment rotates around a pivot and crops are watered with sprinklers. Uttar Pradesh, a state in the Northern Plains, is widely known for its agriculture. As the Food Bowl of India, it produces the following crops: Vegetables Like- Tomato, Peas, Carrot Cereals Like- Rice, Wheat, Barley Lentils Like- Masoor, Moong Sugarcane Overview of Uttar Pradesh

4. The diverse climatic and geographical conditions of the state allow cultivation of a lot of crops including – Shifting Cultivation ( Jhum ): This traditional practice involves clearing of land by sashing vegetation and burning the debris. Crops are then grown in this cleared field (1) Terrace Farming: Given the hilly terrain, terraces are carved out on slopes to create flat areas where crops can be grown OIL seeds Like- mustard and sesame Pulses Like- beans and peas Root Crops Like- potatoes and sweet potatoes Cereals Like- rice, maize, millets and wheat Over 60% of the people are dependent on agriculture in Arunachal Pradesh Overview of Arunachal Pradesh Wet Paddy Cultivation: In plains and lower regions, fields are flooded to provide ideal conditions for growing rice. Sugarcane Farmers of Arunachal Pradesh use a mix of traditional knowledge and modern techniques, including high-yielding crop varieties, organic and chemical fertilizers,and advanced irrigation methods to enhance productivity-

5. Uttar Pradesh--- Arunachal Pradesh--- Cropping pattern- mono-cropping, mixed cropping Cropping pattern- rice-pulses, rice wheat., sugarcane Unique agriculture techniques- Jhum cultivation Unique agriculture techniques- Zanja irrigation method COMPARE AND CONTRAST Comparing the agriculture of Uttar Pradesh and Arunachal Pradesh.

6. Farmers in Uttar Pradesh face challenges such as unpredictable monsoons, water scarcity, and declining groundwater levels. The region's heavy dependence on monsoon rains makes agriculture vulnerable to climate variability. Additionally, inadequate irrigation infrastructure and poor soil health worsens the situation Challenges: Challenges faced by farmers in both states- In Arunachal Pradesh, farmers struggle with difficult terrain, lack of modern agricultural techniques, and limited market access. The hilly topography impedes large-scale farming and efficient transportation of produce. These factors collectively hinder agricultural productivity and the overall economic well-being of farmers in these regions.

7. UPL Cargill Syngenta ADM Uttar Pradesh Agrobased industries are the industries based on agriculture. They not only do the job of growing crops or farming but also repairing of farming tools or creating medicines like pesticides, fertilizers etc. Major agrobased industries in- Olam Corteva Agriscience Pioneer Bunge India AGROBASED INDUSTRIES IN BOTH STATES Arunachal Pradesh

8. Thank You!!