SOCIALIZATION AND PERSONALITY & its factors

socialization and its influence on personality

1. SOCIALIZATION AND PERSONALITY PRESENTED BY: RABIA JAVED IQBAL

2. Socialization Inducting an individual to a society is called socialization. Learning of different behaviors in different social situations is the process of socialization. Man learns various social norms and techniques of social life when interact with other with various social situations. If means he learn to play his roles in new situation, this learning of role playing is also called socialization.

3. Definition Peter Worsley explains socialization as the process of transmission of culture, the process where by men learn the rules and practices of social groups.

4. Method of socialization Cultural conditioning Individual learns fundamental patterns of society in which they lives It is the process of learning by repetition. Personal-social learning Learning through experiences Include early childhood experiences It is called learning by reason

5. Individual as a social product To satisfy the needs of life one individual have to seek help from the other The ‘give and take’ between man and man is a relationship called interaction and they are now called a ‘social being’. That is why they are called social animals.

6. Sources/ Agencies Of Socialization The family Peers or age mates Social institutions Literature and mass media of communication The community

7. Functions of socialization Convert human from biological being to social being Contribute in personality development Help to become disciplined Help to perform different roles Establish knowledge and skills Contribute in the stability of social order Transmit culture from one to other generation Create right aspiration of social life.

8. The Self 'Self' is not inherited but acquired by the individual in society. During the process of interaction, child learns that he has his existence among others. He is familiar with the organs of his body, the environment in which he lives, his parents, and playmates in the street. The child in this way discovers his position in his surrounding environment and recognizes himself as called by his name. The idea of self-develops in his mind in relation to other things around him During the process of socialization the child identifies the self of his personality in relation to others.

9. Self and Personality The child may acquire inferiority feelings in certain acts which are due to unfortunate experiences, and superiority feelings through excessive praises in early childhood. Another pair of traits related to personality is conformity and rebelliousness. On the other hand, there are children who do not want to please their parents and the community members by accepting the socially approved ways of behavior, but disobey them. The responsibility of this rebellious behavior falls upon unwise administration of authority by parents.

10. The Self as I The rise of the self in the individual is the sum of his personality traits and the total activity of his traits assign him the concept "I". George H. Mead has mentioned two stages in full development of the self. In the first stage, the self of the individual is constituted by the organization of particular attitudes of other individuals towards himself and towards one another. At this stage, the self is also constituted by an organization of the social attitudes of the generalized other or social group or community to which he belongs.

11. The Looking Glass Self "Each to each a looking glass Reflects the other that doth pass“ The idea in self here involves three basic elements: the imagination of our appearance to other person; the imagination of his judgment about that appearance; self feelings such as pride, inferiority or superiority.

12. Self is a product of socialization in groups T he self is a product of interaction in a number of group situations. Group situations hold various degrees of reference(importance) upon an individual. Members of the family, playmates, close relatives and friends may form a group by interaction. This group, if most important of all others, bears a lion's share in the emergence and development of his 'self. Such people in the group, from whom his "self" is reflected, are members of his Reference Group. The individual takes the role of society as a whole towards himself and Mead calls this "taking the role of the generalized other". Generalized other includes the folkways, mores, values and other normative elements of culture.

13. SOCIALIZATION AND PERSONALITY The personality traits develop in the individual through participation in social life. The individual plays different roles in different social situations and gets experiences which become apart of his personality. These experiences are stored together from personality of the individual.

14. The people of S audi A rabia socialize their children in: Learning A rabic language, Wearing specially-designed A rabic dress Speaking truth in all dealings of life, offering prayer to A llah, and other behaviors of social life with others.

15. The Brahmans in India socialize their children in: Personality learning Hindi language, wearing ' Janue ' - a long cotton thread around the neck taking bath in the water of the Ganges or the Jamna once a week never eating meat of cow not sharing feed with Muslim praying for the sun and idols in the temples.

16. SOCIALIZATION AND CULTURE The socialization processes adopt the same pattern in society as defined by its culture. Culture is the guiding star for socialization. What to socialize and how, is the question answered by culture. Culture differs from society to society. Similarly, the socialization of the individual varies. The process of socialization varies in societies to shape variety in personality.

17. Personality Ogburn and Nimkoff define it as the totality of sentiments, attitudes, idea, habits, skills and behaviors of an individual.

18. Foundations or factors of personality development

19. Biological foundations Body structure Organs of the body The nervous system The glands The pituitary The thyroid The parathyroid The adrenal gland The thymus Sex glands Heredity

20. Heredity and personality Physical structure Intelligence Temperament Reflexes Innate drives

21. Environment Defined as forces, situations and stimuli which effect the individual from outside. Natural environment: The natural environment encompasses all naturally occurring things. Cultural environment: The cultural environments are molded by human activities such as urban areas and cities, forests, cultural landscapes It has 3 components: Psycho-social Physio-social Physio- biological

22. Culture and personality Culture and personality interplay within each other. Culture will lose its significant 'dynamic' characteristic if not modified, changed or replaced by unique individual and experiences of the people. This dynamic character of culture is fundamental for its continuity and fulfillment of the needs of society for all times and space. On the other hand, the personality of the individual is framed in this or that frame of reference of cultural environment .

23. Culture What we receive as social heritage from our ancestors is called our culture. We make changes in it by performing our roles and leave it for the coming generation. Culture is the guiding star of our social life. What we learn and how is our life is the answer of our culture. Culture teaches us how to behave and play certain role in a certain social situation.

24. Bearing of Culture upon Personality We come across variety of people in daily life besides those who are members of our family. This variety is so varied that none of them is the same in shape, voice and other behaviors within the society. This vast aggregate of different people is the product of culture. These people interrelating themselves in various cultural bonds following various norms differ from the people of another culture. There are differences in all the walks of life due to the difference in cultural conditions. Every culture has its own value-system oriented upon its people. The language and gestures used in communication develop a special type of mode in interaction.

25. Basic Personality Type (B.P.T) basic needs of feed, shelter and affection the discipline governing the behavior of the children in family.

26. Pueblos and Dobuans Cultures Pueblo Indians are Apollonian : introvert in nature; have their cultural configurations as soberness, inoffensiveness and shyness Dobuans are Dionysian: extrovert in nature and have treachery, competitive hostility, lawlessness, and magic as their cultural configurations. Wind blows and trees grow dueto magic according to them. The basic personality traits of the Pueblo Indians are sobriety, inoffensiveness and shyness as their cultural configurations. These configurations are organized into a collective effect that is 'introvert' which is the core of culture

27. Normal and Abnormal Personalities The normal personality is the one whose activities are reliable and predictable. The normal person is the one who plays the roles his group considers appropriate for him. The personality is, therefore, considered normal or abnormal on the basis of its conformity to the standards of a particular culture at a particular time. The deviant is the person who departs from group norms and whose behavior, therefore, cannot be adequately predicted. In its ‘normal' as well as its 'abnormal' behavior personality is the reflection of culture.

28. Bearing of Personality on Culture Personality itself is a factor changing plastically. Anyhow culture can be modified, though with slow process by certain individual peculiarities. The individuals as members of the society add something material and non-material into their culture with their unique experiences.