Solution to the pollution in river ganga (2)

solution to the recent pollution in river ganga

1. Solution to the pollution in river ganga Presented by: Harshali M. Fating. Roll no: 2 Mtech (Environmental Engg.)

2. Contents Introduction of Ganga. Qualities of Ganga. Present state of Ganga. Main source of Ganga Pollution. Industry as main source of Ganga pollution. Effects of Ganga Pollution. Ganga action plan. New technologies to reduce Pollution and make Ganga the purest one.

3. INTRODUCTION OF GANGA M ost sacred river to Hindus T rans- boundary river of INDIA & Bangladesh. M ost heavily populated river basin in the world, with over 400 million people and a population density of about 1000 inhabitant per square mile.

4. Qualities of Ganga river According to Hindu mythology a ganga river have a great medicinal qualities. A ganga river present a ideal biodiversity area . It have over then 140 fish species, 90 amphibian species and five area hitch support bird found nowhere else in the world. According to studies report by environmental engineers of IIT Roorkee , the ganga decomposed the organic waste 15 to 25 times faster then other river. A Ganga river have a legendry medicinal qualities as compare to other HIMALAYA rivers. According to NBRI (National Botanical Research Institute) ganga water have a anti bacterial quality . It found in research the E. COLI live only 3 days in Ganga water due to its bacteriophase quality's.

5. PRESENT STATE OF GANGA RIVER At the time the holy Ganga river become polluted. There are over 29 cites , 70 towns and thousands of villages along the GANGA bank. The Ganga was ranked among the five most polluted river's of the world in 2007. It is found in research's the FAECAL COLIFORM levels in the river near Varanasi more than 100 times then official Indian government limit.

6. Main source of Pollution in Ganga Industrial drains . City drains. Religion touristic activity. Construction activities along the coast of this river. Agriculture auto flow. Domestic activities like those of washer men. Cremation related ritual .

7. Industries as main source of pollution in Ganga According to data out of 146 industries are along the river ganga between Rishikesh and Prayagraj.In this 146 , 144 is present in U.P. and 2 in Uttrakhand . A major pollution industries on the ganga are the leather industries near Kanpur . Other industries like Tanning industry , pharmaceutical companies , electronic plant , textile and paper industries, fertilizers discharge ,different types of chemical and organic effluent into river

8. Effects of Ganga pollution Effect of the pollution in river direct observed in fish. In the GANGA river fish become extinct . Due to pollution in ganga the ganga dolphin has population of only 2000 and is now an endangered species . The effect of the pollution increase the organic matter in river water. Impair light penetration due to oil spill .

9. Levels of Polution in Ganga

10. Ganga action plan GAP was launched on June 14, 1986 by Rajiv Gandhi at Varanasi in order to reduce the pollution load on the river. But the efforts to decrease the pollution level in the river became more. Therefore, this plan was withdrawn on 31 March 2000, after spending Rs 901.71 Crore. Million liters of sewage was targeted to be intercepted, diverted and treated. Phase-II of the program was approved in stages from 1993 onwards, and included the following tributaries of the Ganges: Yamuna, Gomti, Damodar and Mahananda.

11. Why Ganga action plan There is some scientific evidence for the Ganga river’s high capacity to assimilate (i.e. biodegrade) a large level of organic waste input, including pathogens, but no river can sustain its self-purifying power with this kind of over-use, misuse and abuse of its waters.

12. Ganga action plan model.

13. Reasons for failure : Inappropriate Environmental Planning Insignificant cooperation between Central, State and Local Government bodies Lack of local technical expert committees for monitoring the work Improper mass awareness and involvement of Ganga users in different projects Least political dedication and vision to save Ganga U.P. and Bihar were not able to provide uninterrupted electricity for running the facilities

14. N.G.R.B.A National Ganga River Basin Authority Under MoEF Constituted in 2009 by centre under section 3 of Environment Protection Act,1986 Declared Ganga as “National River” Chaired by PM Since 2010 budget, the allocation doubled to Rs.500 crores Financing,planning,implementing, monitoring and coordinating authority for Ganga. World Bank assistance (technical and monetary) of $1bn for abetment of pollution of Ganga “Mission Clean Ganga 2020” under NGRBA

15. New advanced technologies to make ganga the cleanest and purest one. Scientific Technologies. (in river solution to the pollution.) Natural methods. Scavenger 2000. Blue frog systems. Bio digester technologies. Bio sand water purification systems. Trash taming technology. Public Awareness. Natural Biological systems.

16. Blue Frog technology. Absolute Aeration's revolutionary Blue Frog System Technology provides a natural solution to enhance anaerobic sludge digestion, eliminating the use of Chemicals .

17. BLUE FROG TECHNOLOGY

18. SCAVENGER 2000 Scavenger 2000 Decontamination vessels improve water quality by reducing and eliminating bacteria and viruses, raising D.O. (Dissolved Oxygen) levels, controlling algae growth, improving water clarity and eliminating nasty odors. A multi-purpose vessel, the Scavenger2000 not only decontaminates and re-oxygenates water, its unique design also allows it to collect floating (Surface) waste and debris, creating a safer and more ATTRACTIVE public waterway.

19. THE SCAVENGER 2000

20. TRASH TAMING TECHNOLOGY Instead of chasing one or two pieces of trash at a time, we just stand at the source of it and catch it all at once. The water wheel uses renewable energy -- mostly river current, but when needed, also energy from solar panels. It is run on water, so it’s either river current, pushing from underneath or we are pumping water onto it which then fills buckets to carry the wheel around. The rotation of the water wheel also provides other benefits by putting oxygen back into the river, and thus improving the water quality.

21. TRASH TAMING TECHNOLOGY

22. JANICKI OMNI PROCESSOR Because a shocking number of people, at least 2 billion, use latrines that aren’t properly drained.Others simply defecate out in the open. The waste contaminates drinking water for millions of people, with horrific consequences: Diseases caused by poor sanitation kill some 700,000 children every year, and they prevent many more from fully developing mentally and physically If we can develop safe, affordable ways to get rid of human waste, we can prevent many of those deaths and help more children grow up healthy.

23. JANICKI OMNI PROCESSOR

24. ECO-CREMATORIUM Every year 15 million trees are cut for cremations alone and countless dead bodies are dumped in ganga everyday putting at risk the health of all living organisms. But a new solution can stop a much of this i.e. Eco- crematorium. This crematorium uses just a fraction of wood that can cremate a body in one third of time. If this crematoriums are placed alongside the ganga, and made accessible to the poor, the double the problem of the over-harvesting of trees and the tainting of water with floating bodies can become a thing of past forever more.

25. NATURAL BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS The beauty and grace of plants holds a powerful tool against pollution. Microbial assemblage as biofilm around the aquatic plant forms a firm association that largely depends upon the mutual supplies of nutrients, e.g., microbes interact with plants in an aquatic system most likely for organic carbon and oxygen, whereas plants receive defensive immunity and mineral exchange. Apart from the mutual benefits, plant–microbe interactions also influence the water quality especially at rhizosphere providing inherent ability to the aquatic system for the mitigation of pollution from the water column. These natural biological systems are cost effective and requires no maintenance and create poetic canvasses of lotuses of great beauty.

26. Bio digester technology People living alongside and people visiting Ganga don’t have toilets, new solutions must be found to protect her waters. Bio-digester technology by DRDO (defence research development organization) is the perfect low cost solution for treating human waste through a process that uses all natural harmless bacteria which converts human waste entirely into biogas as well as clear water can be used as an excellent fertilizer.

27. BIO SAND WATER PURIFICATION SYSTEMS Nature has unique capacity to reproduce, recreate and refine Bio sand water purification system is greatly inspired by this fact used in over 16 countries and this technology is WHO approved which saves and protects countless lives everyday.

28. Cash from Trash . Flowers: Flowers are symbol of love and softness but flowers can be used to cure pollution. Everyday temples alongside ganga generate countless tones of discarded flowers, we can make biogas from it.

29. Cash from Trash Trash: Great amount of trash are thrown in river ganga everyday by cities, villages and travellers,this threatens wildlife adding dangers of flood, adding harmful chemicals and bacteria to her water, instead this can be converted into biogas which can potentially power entire municipalities using technology that is readily available. In addition, plastic bags can be converted into petrol as they are mostly made of petroleum products.

30. Smart Agriculture Everyday some 90% of the Ganga’s water is being extracted for irrigation but sadly up to 50% of this water is wasted due to wasteful irrigation methods and this results in less water in the river to dissolve the pollution that contaminates it leading to decaying ecosystems leading to various diseases and death that is why methods such as drip irrigation that uses far less water must become standard for mother India.

31. People power and awareness among them. Smart phone technology A programme similar to the Asha health worker Programme can be developed so that women and other citizens may become the health workers of mother ganga using smart phones technique kits which will enable anyone to sample water and send data to the world through the internet . Tree plantation Children can be emphasized to plant trees alongside ganga through a school based “My school, My trees" in which students can plant their own plants and nurture them to grow into a tree which will in turn nourish the students with their sweet bounties.

32. IF GANGA DIES,INDIA DIES IF GANGA THRIVES,INDIA THRIVES . SO LET US OUTSTAND TOGETHER TO REVATALISE OUR NATIONAL RIVER BY OUR INTENTIONS AND ACTIONS BY BECOMING A SOLUTION TO THE POLLUTION IN RIVER GANGA .

33. THANK YOU

34. REFERENCES http://www.onegreenplanet.org/lifestyle/purify-water-naturally/ https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13201-016-0415-2 https://youtu.be/TDADqlPiOKl http://www.cse.iitk.ac.in/~amit/other/ganges.htm http://www.wordfocus.com/word-ganges.html