Stages of a lesson & Teacher´s roles.pdf

Stages of a lesson & Teacher´s roles.pdf - DORIS ELIANA INCACUTIPA HUACCA

1. Stages of a lesson

2. What comes to your mind
when you hear stages of a
lesson?

3. Typically, lessons have been divided into
stages:

•to help the learner
•to provide logical
organisation
•to build confidence

4. PPP MODEL (Presentation -Practice -Production)

PPP MODEL (Presentation Practice Production)
•Warm up/Lead-in
•Presentation
•Controlled/Guided Practice
•Production/Free Practice
•Wrap-up
❖Feedback
https://seetefl.com/ppp-tefl-teaching-methodology/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sLoKPyDCR3s

5. ESA MODEL (Engage – Study – Activate)
•Engage
(Ss will remember more through games,
music, discussions, pictures, stories,
anecdotes, videos, realia, etc)
•Study
(focuses on the construction of something
related to language)
•Activate
(any part of lesson in which SS use the
language freely & communicatively)

6. TBL (Task-Based Learning )
Pre- Task
Task
Planning
Report
Analysis
Practice

7. More recent discussions recognise only 3
major stages:
•The beginning (transition
into English)

•The middle (body)

•The end (close)

8. …and how is the teacher expected
to act during these different stages?

9. The Teacher’s Roles

10. What are the roles of a teacher?
•Teacher’s roles have changed in the last few decades
due to the varying needs of the learners.

•Traditionally, the student was a consumer of facts and
teaching was confined to the classroom.

•The teacher was regarded as the knowledge provider
who used the “show-and-tell” practice.

11. Jeremy Harmer (2001):
•Controller when he takes charge of the whole class and activities by giving
students instructions, organizing drills, reading aloud, and show the
teacher-fronted approach.

•Assessor when he provides students with feedback regarding their
performance and evaluates and gives grades.

•Corrector when he offers students correction of their linguistic errors or
mistakes.

12. •Organizer when he organizes students to work on classroom
activities (pairs, groups, etc)

•Prompter when he provides students with ideas, prompts
so that they can proceed with an activity.

•Resource when he provides the students with information
they need when they encounter difficulties.

13. •Participant when he takes part in classroom activities and
interacts with the students

•Tutor when he works with the students individually or in
small groups in challenging learning programs.

•Observer when he pays attention to students performance
in order to offer individual or group feedback.

14. Karavas-Dukas (1995)
•Based on a study conducted with a multicultural group of experienced
teachers with a variety of teaching approaches found the following:



CATEGORY TEACHER’S ROLE
Source of expertise

Instructor, presenter, actor, and pedagogist (denoting
authoritarian stance); informant, input provider, information
provider, resource, and source of knowledge (denoting
supportive stance)

Management roles

Manager, organizer, director, administrator, public relations
officer, and arranger

15. CATEGORY TEACHER’S ROLE
Source of advice

Counselor, adviser, personal tutor, psychologist, and listener

Facilitator of learning

Learning facilitator, helper, guide, catalyst to group discussion, prompter,
and mediator

Sharing roles

Negotiator, participant, student, and co-operator

Caring roles

Friend, sister/mother, caretaker, and supporter

Creator of classroom atmosphere

Friend, sister/mother, caretaker, and supporter

Evaluator

16. The way we teach now…
… must take into account the following:

•the skills our students have
•the skills they need in the 21st Century
•what interests and motivation they have
•what we can and should offer them

17. What are the core principles of 21st Century
pedagogy?
•Teaching is now:
- Collaborative
- Student-centered
- Interdisciplinary
- Learning is contextualised
- Fosters problem-solving and project-based work
- Focuses on Higher Order Thinking skills (HOTS)
- Builds technological, information and media fluencies

18. The Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy

19. What are the new roles for teachers?
•In the 21st century, teachers need to prepare students for
this world with problem solving, collaboration, and analysis,
life skills as well as with word processing, Web cams, Web
2.0, digital books, podcasts, smartboards, and social
networking software, etc.

•Therefore, the teacher’s role nowadays is that of a facilitator,
coach, mentor, motivator, instructor, educator, etc.