Stairs and its types

i have made this for my class presentation and i got A+ grade in this so i think i will have to share this with others to expand the knowledge about this topic

1. Civil Engineering Department Student name – Sajid Mehboob Roll No – 2014-UETR-CE-33 Presentation Title - Stairs Guide Faculty – ENG. SHOAIB UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY RASUL

2. Stairs “A set of steps leading from surface of a building to another surface, typically inside the building is termed as Stairs.”

3. Why do we need stairs ? To protect people from injury and to facilitate access during movement from one level to another in a building.

4. Parts of Stairs : 1. Step : It is a portion of stair which permits ascent & descent. 2. Tread : It is the upper horizontal portion of step upon which the feet is placed. 3. Riser : The vertical portion between each tread on the stair . 4. Handrail : A handrail is a rail that is designed to be grasped by the hand so as to provide stability or support 5. Baluster : It is vertical member of wood or metal supporting the handrail.

5. 6. Newel post : This is the vertical member which is placed at the ends of flights to connect handrail . 7. Run : It is the total length of stairs in a horizontal plane, including landings. 8. Nosing : It is the projecting part of the tread beyond the face of the riser. It is rounded to give good architectural effect. 9. String Or Stingers : These are the sloping wooden members which support the steps in a stair .They run along the slope of the stair.

6. Main Parts of Stairs :

7. Classification of Stairs : Based on shape of Plan: Straight staircase “U” staircase “C” Staircase

8. Stair Plans “L” Staircase Adjustable Staircase

9. Based on type of Material : Wooden Stair Stone Stair Steel Stair Reinforced Concrete Stair Brick stair

10. 1. Wooden Stair

11. 2. Stone Stair

12. 3. Steel Stair

13. 4. Reinforced Concrete Stair

14. 5. Brick Stair

15. 6. Glass Stair

16. Types of Stairs : Straight Stair Dog legged Stair Quarter turn Stair Open newel Stair Three quarter turn Stair Bifurcated Stair Geometrical Stair Circular Stair

17. 1. Straight Stair : These are the stairs along which there is no change in direction on any flight. It is used where stair case hall is long and narrow

18. 2. Dog legged Stair : It consists of two straight flights of steps with abrupt turn between them. A level landing is placed across the two flights at the change of direction. This type of stair is useful where the width of the staircase hall is just sufficient to accommodate two width of stair.

19. 3. Quarter turn Stair : A stair turning through one right angle is known as quarter turn stair. The change in direction can be affected by either introducing a landing or by providing winders .

20. 4. Open Newel Stair : In these type of stair there is a well or opening between the flights in plan. This well may be rectangular or of any geometrical shape and it can be used for fixing lift.

21. 5. Three Quarter Turn Stair : A stair turning through right angles (270 degree) is known as three quarter turn stair. In this case an open well is formed.

22. 6. Bifurcated Stair : These stair are so arranged that there is a wide flight at the start which is further sub-divided into two narrow flights at the mid-landing. The two narrow flight starts from either side of the mid-landing. These stairs are suitable for modern sub building.

23. 7. Geometrical Stair : These stairs have no newel post and are of any geometrical shape. The change in direction is achieved through winders. The stairs require more skill for its construction and are weaker than open newel stair.

24. 8. Spiral or Circular Stair : It is known as spiral stair. When viewed from top it appears to follow a circle with a single centre of curvature. The spiral stairs are provided where space available is limited and traffic is low. These stairs can be constructed in R.C.C., Steel or Stone

25. Winders : These are tapering steps which are provided for changing the direction of a stair. or winders are tapering steps, such as those which radiate from a point usually situated at the centre of a newel post.

26. Some Amazing Stairs :

27. Thanks