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Strategies

1. 1. VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT Leizel R. Cabasag

2. Numerous studies emphasize the importance of vocabulary knowledge in reading comprehension. A strong vocabulary enables students to understand and infer the meaning of words and phrases encountered in texts.

3. OBJECTIVES

4. TARGET AUDIENCE BASIC EDUCATION

5. MATERIALS NEEDED : Employ vocabulary-building activities such as word maps, context clues, and explicit instruction of key words. Encourage wide reading to expose students to a variety of words and their meanings.

6. : PRESENTATION PLAN Reading a story or books.

7. Identifying Effective Vocabulary Instruction Strategies: Determining which instructional methods and approaches are most effective in teaching new words and enhancing word knowledge. This includes researching the efficacy of explicit instruction, context-based learning, and various vocabulary development programs.

8. Examining Vocabulary Usage and Comprehension: Analyzing how individuals use their vocabulary knowledge to comprehend and produce language, both in spoken and written forms.

9. ASSESMENT STRATEGIES Look for unfamiliar words and make it in a sentence or write a poem or short stories based on the new vocabulary that you encounter.

10. Overall, the objective of vocabulary development research is to provide educators, policymakers, and researchers with insights and evidence-based strategies to facilitate effective vocabulary instruction and promote language proficiency among learners of all ages and backgrounds.

11. MOFAREH ALQAHTANI, King Khaled Academy, Saudi Arabia, Email: [email protected] Baumann, J. F., Edwards, E. C., Boland, E., Olejnik , S., & Kame'enui , E. (2003). “Vocabulary tricks: effects of instruction in morphology and context on fifth grade students’ ability to derive and infer word meanings,”  American Educational Research Journal , Vol. 40, No. 2, pp. 447–494. REFERENCES

12. 2 . PHONICS INSTRUCTION

13. DESCRIPTION AND OBJECTIVE Teach the relationship between letters and sounds to help students decode words. Use systematic and explicit phonics programs to build foundational reading skills.

14. TARGET AUDIENCE BASIC EDUCATION

15. MATERIALS NEEDED Alphabet charts or posters that display both uppercase and lowercase letters. Letter cards or magnetic letters for hands-on activities. Letter tiles or letter blocks for word building exercises . Phonics games and puzzles that make learning fun. Examples include phonics board games, bingo, and phonics-based card games. Phonics manipulatives like letter cards, word building kits, or magnetic letters for hands-on, interactive learning.

16. PRESENTATION PLAN What is Phonics? : Define phonics as the relationship between sounds and letters and explain its role in reading. Why Phonics Matters : Discuss the research supporting the importance of phonics in reading proficiency. Common Misconceptions : Address any common myths or misconceptions about phonics.

17. ASSESMENT STRATEGIES Create checklists to track students' progress in mastering specific phonics skills, such as recognizing consonant blends, digraphs, and vowel patterns . Use word lists and flashcards to assess students' recognition of high-frequency words, sight words, and phonetic patterns. Encourage students to read or spell these words . Administer spelling tests that require students to spell words that adhere to specific phonics patterns. Assess their ability to apply phonics rules in writing

18. REFERENCES https:// www.readingrockets.org/topics/phonics-and-decoding/articles/phonics-and-word-recognition-instruction-early-reading

19. 3. Comprehension Strategies

20. Teach strategies such as predicting, summarizing, questioning, and making connections to help students understand and engage with texts more effectively.

21. TARGET AUDIENCE BASIC EDUCATION

22. MATERIALS NEEDED A diverse collection of books and texts at various reading levels and genres, including fiction, nonfiction, poetry, and more. Books specifically selected to illustrate different comprehension strategies, such as cause and effect, main idea, inference, and summarization Graphic organizers like story maps, Venn diagrams, KWL charts, and concept maps to help students visually organize information and understand story elements

23. PRESENTATION PLAN Before Reading Strategies : Present strategies such as previewing, activating prior knowledge, and setting purposes for reading. During Reading Strategies : Explain strategies like questioning, predicting, visualizing, and monitoring for comprehension. After Reading Strategies : Discuss post-reading strategies such as summarizing, retelling, and evaluating.

24. ASSESMENT STRATEGIES Use a set of comprehension questions related to a text, which can include literal, inferential, and evaluative questions. Assess students' ability to answer these questions effectively Conduct group discussions or one-on-one conferences to evaluate students' ability to articulate their thoughts, engage in meaningful conversations about texts, and ask insightful questions . Ask students to retell the main points or summarize the content of a text. This assesses their understanding of the text's structure and key ideas

25. REFERENCES https://chat.openai.com/c/9534df29-3bfe-4960-8026-dd8816f8a129

26. 4. Story Mapping and Story Elements

27. Teach students to identify and analyze story elements like characters, setting, plot, and theme. Story mapping and graphic organizers help students organize their thoughts.

28. TARGET AUDIENCE BASIC EDUCATION

29. MATERIALS NEEDED Choose a selection of stories, books, or texts that you want to analyze and map. These can be fiction or nonfiction texts, including short stories, novels, articles, or picture books

30. PRESENTATION PLAN What Are Story Elements? : Define story elements, including characters, setting, plot, conflict, and resolution. The Role of Each Element : Explain the role of each story element in shaping a narrative. Examples : Provide examples of story elements from well-known stories or texts to illustrate the concepts Why Story Mapping? : Discuss the benefits of story mapping in enhancing comprehension and analysis. Types of Story Maps : Explain different types of story maps and how they can be used for various types of texts. Step-by-Step Process : Walk through a step-by-step process for mapping story elements, including selecting texts, identifying elements, and creating visual representations.

31. ASSESMENT STRATEGIES Provide students with a story or text and ask them to create a story map that includes key story elements (characters, setting, plot events, conflict, resolution). Evaluate the completeness and accuracy of their diagrams . Request students to create character profiles for the main characters in a story. Evaluate the depth and accuracy of the descriptions and the students' understanding of character development Assign students to write detailed setting descriptions for the story's main settings. Assess their ability to convey the atmosphere and significance of these settings in the narrative

32. REFERENCES https://chat.openai.com/c/9534df29-3bfe-4960-8026-dd8816f8a129

33. 5. Graphic Organizers and Note-Taking

34. Provide graphic organizers and teach students how to take notes while reading. This helps them structure information and retain key details.

35. TARGET AUDIENCE BASIC EDUCATION

36. MATERIALS NEEDED Notebooks : Spiral-bound or hardcover notebooks with lined or blank pages, or specialized notebooks for various subjects or projects. Loose-Leaf Paper : Loose sheets of paper for handwritten notes, which can be organized in binders. Pens and Pencils : A variety of writing instruments in different colors for emphasis and organization. Highlighters : To mark key points or emphasize important information. Colored Markers or Fine-Tip Pens : For creating visual hierarchies, diagrams, or emphasis in notes.

37. Sticky Notes : Small, adhesive notes for temporary annotations, reminders, and page markers. Index Cards : For creating flashcards or concise summaries of information. Folders and Binders : For organizing and storing notes and papers. Post-It Flags : To mark and label specific pages or sections in notebooks or books Erasers and Correction Tape : For making corrections and revisions

38. PRESENTATION PLAN Why Note-Taking Matters : Explain the significance of note-taking in retaining and synthesizing information. Note-Taking Methods : Introduce different note-taking methods, such as Cornell, outline, and mapping techniques. Note-Taking Materials : Discuss the materials needed for traditional and digital note-taking. Active Listening : Explain the importance of active listening and how it impacts the quality of notes. Organization Strategies : Share techniques for organizing and structuring notes effectively. Visual Aids : Discuss the use of visual aids, such as color-coding, symbols, and highlighting. Digital Note-Taking : Highlight the benefits and strategies for digital note-taking.

39. ASSESMENT STRATEGIES Collect students' notes and analyze their quality, organization, and completeness. You can provide feedback and suggestions for improvement Ask students to summarize their notes in a brief written or oral form. This assesses their ability to distill key information . Organize peer review sessions where students exchange and provide constructive feedback on each other's notes. Use a rubric for evaluation Ask students to create a graphic organizer based on a given text or topic. Evaluate the clarity, organization, and relevance of the graphic organizer

40. REFERENCES https://sites.google.com/view/technobabblewithtwenter/resources/pedagogy/graphic-organizers-note-taking-strategies