18
1994
April
Iraq dr
ains water from southern
marshlands in retaliation for
the Shiites’ long-standing oppo-
sition to Saddam Hussein’s
government.
1995
April
A UN Security Council’s “oil-for-
food” resolution allows Iraq to
export oil in exchange for human-
itarian aid. Iraq accepts the
terms after one and a half years.
1997
January PUK announc
es a new govern-
ment based in Sulaymaniyah. Both the PUK and KDP claim ju-
risdiction over the entire Kurd- ish-controlled north.
1998
January Ir
aq suspends all cooperation
with the UN inspectors, demand-
ing for economic sanctions to be lifted.
December
The United States and Great
Britain begin four days of inten-
sive air strikes, dubbed Opera-
tion Desert Fox. The attacks
focus on command centers,
missile factories, and airfields.
1999
January W
eekly, sometimes daily,
bombings of Iraqi targets within
the northern no-fly zone begin, carried out by U.S. and British bombers. More than 100 air strikes take place during 1999
and continue regularly over the
next years.
2002
September U.S. President George W. Bush tells UN that Iraq poses “grave and gathering danger”.
2003–2011
U.S. invasion
2003
March
U.S.-led coalition forces invade
Iraq and begin bombardment
of Baghdad and other cities.
Mosul and Kirkuk come under
heavy fire.
April
U.S. forces take control of the
northern cities of Kirkuk and
Mosul.
December
Saddam Hussein is captured
in Tikrit.
2004
June
U.S. hands sovereignty to interim
government headed by Prime
Minister Iyad Allawi.
November
Major U.S.-led offensive against
insurgents in Falluja.
People internally displaced due to conflict/violence &
disasters 2016
More than 3,000,000
1,000,000– 3,000,000
200,001–1,000,000
20,001– 200,00
Less than 20,000
Conflict/violence
Disasters
Mexico
12,000 | 23,000
United States
of America
1,107,000
El Salvador
480 | 220,000
Colombia
31,000 | 171,000
Ecuador
289,000
Central African Rep.
7,500 | 46,000
Cameroon
83,000
Nigeria
78,000 | 501,000
Senegal
24,000
Chad
5,600 | 36,000
Niger
46,000 | 166,000
Sudan
123,000 | 97,000
Libya
156,000
Italy
31,000
Israel
75,000
Ukraine
130 | 109,000
TurkeyCanada
93,000
Cuba
1,079,000
Haiti
180,000
Dominican Rep.
52,000
Syria
824,000
Nepal
Afghanistan
India
Bangladesh
614,000
Myanmar
Dem. People’s Rep.
of Korea
107,000
China
7,434,000
Japan 7,434,000
Sri Lanka 500,000
Vietnam
81,000
Thailand
90,000
Fiji
76,000
Taiwan 45,000
Somalia
347,000 | 296,000
70,000 | 113,000
Ethiopia
South Sudan
281,000
Madagaskar
51,000
Kenya
40,000
Congo
25,000
Dem. Rep. Congo
130,000 | 922,000
Burundi
6,600 | 16,000
Uganda
2,500 | 23,000
Mozambique
7,000 | 15,000
Tanzania
36,000
Iraq 659,000
200 | 204,000
Yemen
45,000 | 478,0007,400 | 653,000
2,400,000 | 448,000
509,000 | 35,000
Indonesia
1,246,000 | 350
Philippines
5,930,000 | 280,000
31,000