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1. INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTIONS THAT DEFINED SOCIETY LESSON 2

2. GALILEO GALILEI WHO IS THE FATHER OF MODERN SCIENCE? Scientist are inspired by their curiosity, critical thinking, and creativity to explore the physical and natural world.

3. Creativity Curiosity Critical Thinking SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERIES AND PRACTICES TECHNOLOGY passion to know Passion to discover Eagerness to share SCIENTISTS

4. Did you know that the scientific revolution is generally considered on the 17th century? Three notable scientist that have a great contribution to the world of science. 1. Nicolaus Copernicus 2. Charles Darwin 3. Sigmund Freud

5. WHAT IS FREUDIAN REVOLUTION? • A relating to the ideas or methods of Sigmund Freud especially his ideas about the way in which people’s hidden thoughts and feelings influence their behavior especially with respect to the causes and treatment of neurotic and psychopathic states, the interpretation of dreams, etc. • Relating to or influenced by Sigmund Freud and his methods of psychoanalysis, especially with reference to the importance of sexuality in human behavior.

6. These stages are : Oral (0-1.5 of age): Fixation on all things oral. If not satisfactorily met there is the likelihood of developing negative oral habits or behavior. Ana l (1.5 to 3 years of age): As indicated this stage is primarily related to developing healthy toilet training habits. Phallic (3-5 years of age): The development of healthy substitutes for the sexual attraction boys and girls have towards a parent of the opposite gender. Latency (5-12 years of age): The development of healthy domain sexual feelings for the opposite sex. Genital (12- adulthood): All tasks from the previous four stages are integrated into the mind allowing for the onset of healthy sexual feelings and behaviors. THE FREUDIAN THEORY OF PERSONALITY STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT • Human Personality: The adult personality emerges as a composite of early childhood experiences are consciously and unconsciously proceed within human development stages, and how these experiences shape the personality. • Not every person completes the necessary tasks of every development stage. When they don’t, the results can be a mental condition requiring psychoanalysis to achieve proper functioning. Believing that most human suffering is determined during childhood development, Freud placed emphasis on the five stages of psychosexual development. As a child passes through these stages unresolved conflicts between physical drives and social expectation may arise.

7. SIGMUND FREUD

8. CHARLES DARWIN WHAT IS DARWINIAN THEORY? Darwinism is a theory of biological evolution developed by the English naturalist Charles Darwin (1809-1882) and others, stating that all species of organism arise and develop through the natural selection of small, inherited variations that increase the individual’s ability to compete, survive, and reproduce.

9. EVOLUTION Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. Evolutionary processes give rise to biodiversity at every level of biological organization, including the levels of species, individual organisms. and molecules. Repealed formation of new species (speciation), change within species (anagenesis), and loss of species (extinction) throughout the evolutionary history of life on Earth are demonstrated by shared sets of morphological and biochemical traits, including shared DNA sequences.

10. NICOLAUS COPERNICUS • was born on February 19, 1473, in Torun , Poland • He studied at the University of Cracow from 1491 to 1494. He did not attend any classes in astronomy, it was during his student years there that Copernicus began to collect books on mathematics and astronomy (the study of the universe).

11. DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE IN MESOAMERICA • It includes the entire area of Central America from Southern Mexico up to the border of South America. • Maya civilization lasted for approx. 2000 years. • They incorporated their advanced understanding of astronomy into their temples and other religious structures.

12. ANSWER ME! 1. What is the contribution of Copernicus in the philosophy of science? 2. In a tabulated form show the comparison of Feud Sigmund, Charles Darwin and Nicolaus Copernicus theories in the field of science. 3. How did society shape science and how did science shaped society?

13. BY GROUP: 1. How do the political and cultural landscaped of the society affect the development of scientific culture, science activities, and science literacy? 2. Considering the current state of our society, do you think science literacy among people has contributed to the growth of our economy? 3. Review the history of science and make a timeline highlighting the major discoveries and development in science.