countries responsible for 70% of the world’s productions (Brazil, India,
China, and Thailand), where Brazil accounts for about 30% of production
(Table 1.2andFig. 1.4). These data have simply informative, economical,
and quantitative value, since different ecological systems of production,
crop water regimes, extensivism (LISA), intensivism (HISA), etc., are
compared. InFig. 1.5, it is possible to observe the world production of
sugarcane from the 1960s until last recorded. The steady increase in pro-
duction is evident, as sugarcane products are increasingly inserted into the
world economy (Table 1.3).
These figures indicate a 21.3% global consumption increase forecast in
the indicated decade (Fig. 1.3). If we consider that 80% of sugar is produced
from sugarcane, we can say that if this proportion remains linear, there will
be a verified surplus of 36 million tons of sugar. This corresponds to 316
million tons of sugarcane, which at an average of 9 tons of sugarcane per
ton of sugar and an average production yield of 70 t/ha of sugarcane,
Table 1.2Sugarcane production, in thousands of tons of sugarcane (TS), harvested
area, in hectares (Ha), and sugarcane productivity, in tons per hectare (TH), between
1961 and 2014 for the four largest producers in the world.
Year 1961 1974 2000 2014
(TS) Tons of sugarcane (310
3
)
Brazil 59,377 95,624 3,27,705 7,36,109
India 1,10,001 1,40,805 2,99,325 3,52,142
China 12,416 25,578 69,299 1,26,153
Thailand 2000 13,339 54,052 1,03,697
World 4,47,977 6,48,516 12,558,88 18,842,46
(Ha) Hectares harvested
Brazil 13,666,40 20,566,91 48,459,90 104,196,78
India 24,13,000 27,52,100 42,19,700 50,12,000
China 2,92,600 5,96,800 11,885,89 17,683,88
Thailand 63,000 2,58,609 8,93,353 13,53,025
World 89,118,79 11,932,313 19,397,902 27,124,723
(TH) Tons of sugarcane per hectares
Brazil 43.4 46.5 67.6 70.6
India 45.6 51.1 70.9 70.2
China 42.4 42.8 58.3 58.3
Thailand 31.7 51.6 60.5 76.6
Source: Adapted from FAOSTAT, 2019. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
FAOSTAT Statistics Database. FAO, Rome.
9Sugarcane world scenario