Taxonomy of zoology of non chordates 1.pptx

Zoology ppt on taxonomy which help in understanding the classification and naming system

1. Introduction of Taxonomy Presented by :- Shaik Mantasha Class:- Bsc ( cbz ) 1th sem Loyola degree college, Manvi

2. What is Taxonomy? Taxonomy is the branch of biology that deals with the identification, naming , and classification of organisms. It helps us understand how organisms are related to one another and how they differ. In simple words, taxonomy is like creating an organized “family tree” for all living beings on Earth.

3. The term taxonomy comes from two Greek words: Taxis meaning arrangement Nomos meaning law So, taxonomy means the science of orderly arrangment .

4. WHY IS TAXONOMY IMPORTANT? Ex:-Imagine trying to study millions of species without a system. Brings order to the immense diversity of life. Helps scientists communicate globally using standard names. Supports studies in ecology, evolution, agriculture, and medicine. Helps in discovering and conserving species , especially in today’s world of environmental change.

5. brIEF history The history of taxonomy dates back to Aristotle, who fist attempted to classify animals. But the foundation of modern taxonomy was laid by Carolus Linnaeus , often called the Father of Modern taxonomy . He introduced the binomial nomenclature , a system of naming organisms using two Latin names- Genus and species. For example, humans are named as Homo sapiens, where: Homo is the genus Sapiens is the species

6. Level of classification You can explain each level using a human as an example: Tip : Use a mnemonic like “ Dear King Philip Came Over For Good Soup ” Category Example for humans Domain Eukarya Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Mammalia Order Primates Family Hominidae Genus Homo species Homo sapiens

7. Modern techniques in taxonomy In the past, taxonomy relied mostly on morphology (physical features). But today, scientists use advanced tools: 1.DNA Sequencing- helps identify species with genetic data 2.Bioinformatics - Analyzes huge amounts of data from genomes

8. 3. Artifical Intelligence(AI )- Recongnizes species through image data 4. Molecular Markers- Like DNA barcoding , for fast identification Examples:- Two insects may look identical, but DNA analysis may reveal they are different species.

9. Branches of taxonomy Classical taxonomy- Based on physical characteristics. Numerical Taxonomy – Uses statistics and mathematics. Phylogenetic Taxonomy- focuses on evolutionary relationships. Molecular Taxonomy- Uses DNA and genetic material. Cytotaxonomy - Based on chromosome structure.

10. Phylogenetic Tree- Visualzing Evolution

11. Fun facts to engage your audience The largest taxonomic group is insects. Beetles alone have over 4,00,000 species Scientists discover 18,000 new species every year. The name Tyrannosaurus rex means “tyrant lizard king”.

12. Applications of taxonomy In Medicine : helps identify pathogens and understand disease transmission. In Agriculture : Classifying pests and useful crops for better yields. In Conservation : Helps track endangered species and maintain biodiversity. In Research : Fundamental for genetic, microbiology and biotechnology.

13. conclusion Taxonomy is essential for organizing biological diversity. It helps scientists communicate clearly, avoid confusion in naming, and understand the evolutionary links between organisms. As more species are discovered and genetic tools advance, taxonomy continues to evolve.