Teaching and learning presentation by Muhammad Alyan

Teaching and learning presentation

1. GROUP MEMBERS MUHAMMAD ALYAN ANWERZAIB ARMAN ULLAH ABID JAVID RAZA ' TEACHING METHODS AND SETTINGS

2. Objectives….. Introduction to teaching.. Definition of methods of teaching… Domains of teaching… Lecture method… Demonstration .. Group discussion… Seminar… Symposium.. Panel discussion.. Role play...project method Field trip… work shop…

3. Introduction to teaching Good teaching is the main criterion of an effective teacher . Every individual is unique and so different teacher adopt different methods and strategies of teaching. The selection of teaching method depend upon the nature of a task ,learning objectives learners abilities and students entering behaviour. The main objective of teaching is to bring about desires changes in the attitude and behaviour of learners .

4. Methods of learning The way or style of the presentation of content in a class room is called teaching method. According to burton teachings method is the stimulation guidance direction and encouragement of learning.

5. Domains of teaching methods Doing method e.g project Role play practical Telling method e.g lecture Questioning, discussion Showing method e.g demonstration excursion Laboratory work

6. Demonstration Demonstration can be define as visualised explanation of facts concepts and procedure’s. It trains explains the students in the art of careful observation. To show the leaner how to perform certain psychomotor skill.the leaner must reproduce the behaviour of demonstration exactly

7. Characteristics of demonstration The demonstrator should understand the-entire procedure before attempting to perform. A positive approach should be used . Knowledge about the procedure should be given to student. The sitting for a demonstration should be real to life as possible .

8. components /steps to demonstration Before demonstration Formulate behavioural objectives. Perform skill analysis and determine the sequences. Assess enter behaviour of learners and determine pre requisite’s. Formulate lesson plan for demonstration

9. Conti… During demonstration State the objective to the learners. Motivate the learner by explaining why the skills required. Demonstrate the complete skill at normal speed. Avoid the use of negative example and variation in the technique.

10. Conti… After demonstration Provide immediate supervised practice with adequate time allowance. Make the environment psychologically safe by providing a friendly atmosphere and constructive criticism

11. Group discussion Group discussion is an effective method of teaching and considered a learner centric approach of the teaching learning process. In group discussion a number of learners interact face to face-to achieve specific educational objectives. Group discussion is a corporative problem solving activity which seeks a consensus regarding the solution of a problem.

12. Conti…. Group discussion can defined as three or more participant who have an agreed topic to discuss and share their views in all the aspects and submit/present their views in the form of report to bigger gathering. A variety of information may be learned in a short time when a number of people in a group share their own experience and knowledge with others.

13. SEMINAR Seminar is one of the technique of discussion for small groups ,a small group is one in which face to face relationship among participants is there. Seminar are simply a group of people coming together for the discussion and learning of specific techniques and topics .

14. Conti…. Seminar is a form of class organisation that utilises a scientific approach for the analysis of a problem chosen for discussion. The objective of seminar is to give students the opportunity to the participate in methods of scientific analysis and research procedures. It is a discussion method of teaching where an informal group of 10-15 participate to solve problem in a scientific approach .generally the duration of seminar is not more than 1-2 hours.

15. Characteristics of the seminar Teacher is the leader(student can also function as a leader in certain selected situation). The topic is initially presented by the presenter followed by group discussion. The leader should keep the discussion within limits so the focus of discussion can be mentioned..

16. SYMPOSIUM Is a teaching technique that serves as an excellent method for informing the audience crystallising their opinion and preparing them for arriving at discussion regarding a particular issue or a topic.

17. Conti….. Symposium techniques is type of discussion where two or more speakers talk for 10-20 minutes, develop individual approach or solution to a problem or present aspect of policy ,process or programme. This is the techniques of higher learning. It is an instructional techniques that is used to achieve higher cognitive and effective objectives.

18. Purpose of symposium To identify and understand various aspects of the theme and problems To develop the ability to come to a discussion and provide judgement regarding a problem. To provide understanding to the students or listeners on the theme or problem to specifically develop certain values and feelings.

19. PANEL DISCUSSION This technique was first used by harry A over street for the first time in 1929. The purpose of panel is to make use of small group discussion for the benefit of a large group. The discussion provide equal opportunity in the instructional situation to every participant.

20. Purpose of panel discussion to provide new information and new facts . To analyse the current problem from different angles To identify the values. To influence the audience to an open minded attitude and respect for other opinion. To organise for the mental recreations.

21. ROLE PLAY Role playing is a teaching method where a group of participant act out the assigned role to deliver the content of topic to be thought to the participant. In a role playing group the member play the assigned role the way they think the character would act in reality which help in arousing feeling and elicit emotional responses in learner where cognitive and affective domaine may be achieved.

22. Purpose of role play To present interpersonal problems. To provide emotional and affective stimulus for solving problem. To develop a situation for an analysis. To prevent alternative courses of action. To prepare for meeting future situations. To develop understanding of other point of views.

23. PROJECT METHOD This method is a teaching method where students learn to work individually or in a group to achieve preplanned learning objectives. According to Williams kilo art Rick’’ project method is a whole hearted purposeful activates proceedings in a social environment. The project method want to reset the whole curriculum and break all barriers of the subject matter.

24. FIELD TRIP An educational trip is defined as an educational procedure by which the student obtain first hand information by observing places objects phenomena and process in their natural setting to future learning.

25. PURPOSE OF FIELD TRIP To provide real life situation for first hand information. To supplement classroom instruction to secure definite information for a specific lesson. To serve as a preview of a lesson and gather instructional material . To verify previous information class discussion and conclusion of individual experiment. To create situational teaching for cultivating observation keenness and discovery.

26. WORKSHOP Work shop is a meeting during which experienced people in responsible position come together with expert and consultants to find solution to the problem that cropped up in the courses of there work and they have had difficulty in dealing with on their own . It is a large discussion method.

27. Conti… The word workshop is related to any area that provides both space and tools required for the manufacture and repair of goods. Similarly in educational workshops experts provide knowledge and skills to deal with problem .